Lodo de esgoto como fonte de nitrogênio: concentração no perfil do solo e em plantas de milho

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração de nitrogênio em plantas de milho e ao longo do perfil de um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico submetido a doses de lodo de esgoto e fertilizante mineral. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com 4 tratamentos (0,0; 55,0; 110,0 e 167,5 Mg.ha-1 de lodo de esgoto em doses acumuladas) e 5 repetições para um período de avaliação de 1 ano. A amostragem de solo foi realizada aos 60 dias após a emergência (d.a.e.) das plantas nas profundidades 0,0-0,1, 0,1-0,2, 0,2-0,4, 0,4-0,6, 0,6-0,8 e 0,8-1,0 m. Também aos 60, 80 e 128 d.a.e. foram coletadas, respectivamente, folha diagnose, planta inteira e grão. As maiores doses de lodo de esgoto proporcionaram maiores quantidades de nitrogênio no solo. O nitrogênio do solo, após a profundidade de 0,6 m, não diferiu entre as camadas avaliadas. Quanto maior a dose de lodo de esgoto, menor a proporção de nitrogênio em profundidade.

Peanut mechanized digging regarding to plant population and soil water level

The largest losses in mechanical harvesting of peanuts occur during the stage of digging, and its assessment is still incipient in Brazil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative losses and the performance of the tractor-digger-inverter, according to soil water content and plant populations. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with a factorial scheme 2 x 3, in which the treatments consisted of two soil, water content (19.3 and 24.8%) and three populations of plants (86,111, 127,603 and 141,144 plants ha-1), with four replications. The quantitative digging losses and the set mechanized performance were evaluated. The largest amount of visible and total losses was found in the population of 141.144 plants ha-1 for the 19.3% soil water content. The harvested material flow and the tractor-digger-inverter performance were not influenced by soil water content and plant population. The water content in the pods was higher in 24.8% soil water content only for the population of 86,111 plants ha-1; the yield was higher in the populations of 141.144 and 127.603 plants ha-1, in the 19.3 e 24.8% soil water content, respectively.

Controle estatístico de processo aplicado ao monitoramento de perdas na colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Ecosystem fragmentation drives increased diet variation in an endemic livebearing fish of the Bahamas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Barreiras comerciais e meio ambiente: o comércio exterior brasileiro diante dos regulamentos ambientais estabelecidos pela Comunidade Europeia, Estados Unidos e Japão no período de 1995-2010

Não disponível

Curcumina: de especiaria à nutracêutico

A ideia de uma nutrição que, além de suprir as necessidades nutricionais básicas do organismo também tem como objetivo a prevenção de doenças, ganha cada vez mais ênfase sobre a égide dos alimentos funcionais e dos nutracêuticos. Nesse contexto a curcumina, um pigmento amarelo-alaranjado extraído do rizoma da planta Curcuma longa L. se destaca como um promissor nutracêutico, apresentando um amplo potencial terapêutico e a cada dia encontra maior embasamento científico com a elucidação de seus mecanismos de ação sobre vários alvos moleculares importantes para a fisiopatologia de diversas doenças. A curcumina é bastante conhecida e explorada pela medicina asiática tradicional, principalmente pelas medicinas Ayurvédica e Chinesa. Utilizando o Pubmed e o Scielo como banco de dados para a pesquisa de trabalhos científicos, foi elaborada uma revisão bibliográfica com a compilação de estudos com diversos enfoques em relação à curcumina, a saber: i) características físico-químicas da curcumina; ii) propriedades anti-inflamatória, antioxidante, antidiabética, antitumoral, antiviral, antibacteriana, antiparasitária e antifúngica; iii) estratégias recentemente utilizadas para melhorar sua biodisponibilidade, tais como co-admnistração da piperina, síntese de análogos moleculares e sistemas inovadores de entrega como os sistemas coloidais (lipossomas e nanopartículas) e a complexação com ciclodextrina.

P-233-Biodiversity of mucosa associated microbiome of Crohn's disease patients living in middle western São Paulo State, Brazil

Background: The intestinal microbiome (IM) has extensively been studied in the search for a link of bacteria with the cause of Crohn`s disease (CD). The association might result from the action of a specific pathogen and/or an eventual imbalance in bacterial species composition of the gut. The innumerous virulence associated markers and strategies described for adherent and invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) have made them putative candidate pathogens for CD. IM of CD patients shows dysbiosis, manifested by the proliferation of bacterial groups such as Enterobacteriaceae and reduction of others such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The augmented bacterial population comprising of commensal and/or pathogenic organisms super stimulates the immune system, triggering the inflammatory reactions responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease. Considering the role played by IM in CD and the multiple variables influencing its species composition, resulting in differences among populations, the objective of this study was to determine the bacterial biodiversity in the mucosa associated microbiome of CD patients from a population not previously subject to this analysis, living in the middle west region of Sao Paulo state. Methods: A total of 4 CD patients and 5 controls subjects attending the Botucatu Medical School of the Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) for routine colonoscopy and who signed an informed consent were included in the study. A number of 2 biopsies, one from the ileum and other from any part of the terminal colon, were taken from each subject and immediately frozen at -70[degrees]C until DNA purification. The bacterial biodiversity was assessed by next generation (ion torrent) sequencing of PCR amplicons of the ribosomal DNA 16S V6 region (16S V6 rDNA). The bacterial identification was performed at the genus level, by alignment of the generated DNA sequences with those available at the ribosomal database project (RDP) website. Results: The overall DNA sequence output was based on an average number of 526,427 reads per run, matching 50 bacterial genus 16SrDNA sequences available at the RDB website, and 22 non matching sequences. Over 95% of the sequences corresponded to taxa belonging to the major phyla: Firmicutes, Bacterioidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Irrespective of the intestinal site analyzed, no case-control differences could be observed in the prevalence of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The prevalence of Proteobacteria was higher (40%) in the biopsies of control subjects as compared to that of DC patients (16%). For Bacterioidetes, the higher prevalence was observed among DC patients (33% as opposed to 14,5% in controls). The significance for all comparisons considered a p value < 0,05 in a Chi2 test. No mucosal site specific differences could be observed in IM comparisons of CD and control subjects. Conclusions: The rise in the number of Bacterioidetes observed here among CD patients seems to be in agreement with most of studies published thus far. Yet, the reduction in the number of Proteobacteria along with an apparently unaltered population of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, which include the so called "beneficial" organisms Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were rather surprising. These data suggest that the analyses on the role of IM in CD should consider the multiple variables that may influence its species composition.