Planning and Projects of Secondary Electric Power Distribution Systems

This paper proposes a methodology to achieve integrated planning and projects for secondary distribution circuits. The planning model is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP). In order to resolve this problem, a tabu search (TS) algorithm is used, with a neighborhood structure developed to explore the physical characteristics of specific geographies included in the planning and expansion of secondary networks, thus obtaining effective solutions as well as low operating costs and investments. The project stage of secondary circuits consists of calculating the mechanical efforts to determine the support structures of the primary and secondary distribution systems and determining the types of structures that should be used in the system according to topological and electrical parameters of the network and, therefore, accurately assessing the costs involved in the construction and/or reform of secondary systems. A constructive heuristic based on information of the electrical and topological conditions between the medium voltage and low voltage systems is used to connect the primary systems and secondary circuits. The results obtained from planning and design simulations of a real secondary system of electric energy distribution are presented.

Geografia e gênero: considerações sobre a produção acadêmica brasileira

This work aims to understand the ways that have led Brazilian geographers to use the gender category as an analytic element in other to understand the production of space, through the theoretical perspective of Feminist Geographies. Thus, it is important to consider, in the history of geographical science, the theoretical and methodological foundations which enabled the inclusion of gender in researches, since this subject belongs to the field of Anthropology and Sociology and it rarely appears in geographical investigations. It is understood that the gender, as an analytical category of intertwined social relation of space, comprising not only the femininity as well as masculinity and transexualities, analyzed in a relational perspective. However , greater emphasis on the understanding of woman as an agent of space will occur, due to the importance of taking the role of women in building the world out of the hidden of history. Therefore, some works produced in Geography in Brazil will be presented and discussed in order to give visibility on the treatment of space and gender relationship

Práticas de mapeamento com as tecnologias digitais: para pensar a educação cartográfica na contemporaneidade

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)