Productivity of beet and roquette cultivation as a function of time of establishing intercropping

With the aim of evaluating the effect of intercropping on the productivity of beet and roquette crops, a study was conducted in the Section of Vegetable and Aromatic-Medicinal Plants, FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal/SP. The treatments consisted of co-cultivations of roquette (Cultivada) and beets (Early Wonder) established at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days after the transplanting of beets, and as monocultures of beets and roquette. The experiments were delineated in a randomized block design. The productivity of beets in monoculture was not superior to that obtained with intercropping with roquette. The production of dry mass of roquette with intercropping was less than that with monoculture and the reduction was more marked with more delayed establishment of co-cultivation. Intercropping established at 0 and 7 days after the transplanting of beets was the most efficient, with indices of efficient use of land of 1.26 and 1.27, respectively.

Productivity of lettuce and radish cultivations as a function of spacing and of time of establishment of intercropping

The experiment was conducted at UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, during the period of September to November of 2000, with the objective of evaluating the productivity of the cultivation of lettuce and radishes as a function of spacing between plants and of the time of establishment of intercropping. The experimental design was a completely randomized blocks and four replications. The 14 treatments consisted of combinations of spacing between lines (0.30 and 0.40 m), cultivation systems (intercropping and monoculture), and time of sowing of radish seeds to establish intercropping (0, 7 and 14 days after transplant of lettuce). The cultivars of lettuce and radish were, 'Tainá' and 'Crimson Gigante', respectively. A greater yield of commercial radish roots was obtained with intercropping cultivation. The fresh mass of lettuce in monoculture did not differ from that produced with intercropping. These results suggest that intercropping cultivation between these species is advantageous.

Dynamics of some limnological characteristics in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) culture tanks as function of handling

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of protein-calorie restriction on mechanical function of hypertrophied cardiac muscle

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of food restriction (FR) on hypertrophied cardiac muscle in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS: Isolated papillary muscle preparations of the left ventricle (LV) of 60-day-old SHR and of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were studied. The rats were fed either an unrestricted diet or FR diet (50% of the intake of the control diet) for 30 days. The mechanical function of the muscles was evaluated through monitoring isometric and isotonic contractions. RESULTS: FR caused: 1) reduction in the body weight and LV weight of SHR and WKY rats; 2) increase in the time to peak shortening and the time to peak developed tension (DT) in the hypertrophied myocardium of the SHR; 3) diverging changes in the mechanical function of the normal cardiac muscles of WKY rats with reduction in maximum velocity of isotonic shortening and of the time for DT to decrease 50% of its maximum value, and increase of the resting tension and of the rate of tension decline. CONCLUSION: Short-term FR causes prolongation of the contraction time of hypertrophied muscles and paradoxal changes in mechanical performance of normal cardiac fibers, with worsening of the shortening indices and of the resting tension, and improvement of the isometric relaxation.

TIME-COURSE DIFFUSION of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES

The concern with the hydrogen penetration towards the pulp can be observed on the literature by the great number of papers published on this topic; Those measurements often uses chemical agents to quantify the concentration of the bleaching agent that cross the enamel and dentin. The objective of this work was the quantification of oxygen free radicals by fluorescence that are located in the interface between enamel and dentin. It was used to accomplish our objectives a Ruthenium probe (FOXY R - Ocean Optics(R)) a 405nm LED, a bovine tooth and a portable diagnostic system (Science and support LAB - LAT - IFSC/USP). The fluorescence of the probe is suppressed in presence of oxygen free radicals in function of time. The obtained results clearly shows that the hydrogen peroxide when not catalyzed should be kept in contact with the tooth for longer periods of time.

Interaction of the Anti-Inflammatory Annexin A1 Protein and Tacrolimus Immunosuppressant in the Renal Function of Rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ratios of dijet production cross sections as a function of the absolute difference in rapidity between jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Indoor NO2 air pollution and lung function of professional cooks

Studies of cooking-generated NO2 effects are rare in occupational epidemiology. In the present study, we evaluated the lung function of professional cooks exposed to NO2 in hospital kitchens. We performed spirometry in 37 cooks working in four hospital kitchens and estimated the predicted FVC, FEV1 and FEF25-75, based on age, sex, race, weight, and height, according to Knudson standards. NO2 measurements were obtained for 4 consecutive days during 4 different periods at 20-day intervals in each kitchen. Measurements were performed inside and outside the kitchens, simultaneously using Palm diffusion tubes. A time/exposure indicator was defined as representative of the cumulative exposure of each cook. No statistically significant effect of NO2 exposure on FVC was found. Each year of work as a cook corresponded to a decrease in predicted FEV1 of 2.5% (P = 0.046) for the group as a whole. When smoking status and asthma were included in the analysis the effect of time/exposure decreased about 10% and lost statistical significance. on predicted FEF25-75, a decrease of 3.5% (P = 0.035) was observed for the same group and the inclusion of controllers for smoking status and asthma did not affect the effects of time/exposure on pulmonary function parameter. After a 10-year period of work as cooks the participants of the study may present decreases in both predicted FEV1 and FEF25-75 that can reach 20 and 30%, respectively. The present study showed small but statistically significant adverse effects of gas stove exposure on the lung function of professional cooks.

Emergence and initial growth of rambutan seedlings as a function of seed storage conditions

Introduction. Rambutan is a tropical fruit species with recalcitrant seeds. Despite the expansion of exotic fruit cultivation in Brazil, lots of which fruit species, including rambutan, need basic information, especially in relation to propagation and storage of seeds, which are important for genetic improvement studies, maintenance of genetic sources and seedling production. Materials and methods. A completely randomized design was adopted with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement, 3 x 4, referring to three seed storage conditions [room temperature conditions; a dry chamber with (18 +/- 2) degrees C and 60% relative humidity; and a cold chamber with (10 +/- 2) degrees C and 70% relative humidity] and four storage times ( 0, 7, 14 and 21 d). Each treatment of 10 seeds was replicated five times. Data on seedling emergence, emergence rate, plant height, number of leaves and length of main root were submitted to variance analysis and means were separated using Tukey's test. Correlation analysis between seed moisture and seedling emergence was performed. Results and discussion. Our results indicated that dry chamber conditions promoted the statistically significantly highest seedling emergence after 7 d of storage. Cold chamber conditions promoted an extremely low seedling emergence independently of time. Conclusion. Rambutan seeds can be stored in a dry chamber for 7 d without losing viability; after 14 d of storage the loss of emergence is 60%.

Escape of particles in a time-dependent potential well

We investigate the escape of an ensemble of noninteracting particles inside an infinite potential box that contains a time-dependent potential well. The dynamics of each particle is described by a two-dimensional nonlinear area-preserving mapping for the variables energy and time, leading to a mixed phase space. The chaotic sea in the phase space surrounds periodic islands and is limited by a set of invariant spanning curves. When a hole is introduced in the energy axis, the histogram of frequency for the escape of particles, which we observe to be scaling invariant, grows rapidly until it reaches a maximum and then decreases toward zero at sufficiently long times. A plot of the survival probability of a particle in the dynamics as function of time is observed to be exponential for short times, reaching a crossover time and turning to a slower-decay regime, due to sticky regions observed in the phase space.

Study of crystallite size and strain as a function of morphological evolution in zinc oxide powder obtained from hydroxycarbonate precursor

In this work, zinc oxide samples were obtained from hydroxycarbonate by thermal decomposition at 300°C. Zinc hydroxycarbonate samples were produced by homogeneous precipitation over different periods of time. The method used to obtain zinc oxide produces different morphologies as a function of the precursor precipitation time. Among the obtained particle shapes were porous spherical aggregates, spherulitic needle aggregates, and single acicular particles. This work investigated spherulitic needle-aggregate formation and the correlation among morphology, domain size, and microstrain. Transmission electron microscopy data revealed that the acicular particles that form the spherulitic needle aggregates consist of nanometer crystallites. Apparent crystallite size and microstrain in the directions perpendicular to (h00), (h0l), (hk0), and (00l) planes were invariable as a function of precursor precipitation time. From the results, it was possible to conclude that the precursor precipitation period directly influenced the morphology of the zinc oxide but did not influence average crystallite size and microstrain for ZnO samples. Therefore, using this route, it was possible to prepare zinc oxide with different morphologies without microstructural alterations. © 2001 International Centre for Diffraction Data.

A Spatial and Temporal Prediction Model of Corn Grain Yield as a Function of Soil Attributes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Internal standard for amorphous pharmaceuticals products quantification and an application of Parametric Rietveld refinement using time, temperature and relative humidity as 'non-crystallographic' parameters

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

In-Office dental bleaching efficacy assessment in function of the light exposure regime by digital colometric reflectance spectroscopy

In-office dental bleaching has been subject of several studies. Generally those studies quantify through visual analysis, the shade reduction of the teeth submitted to different bleaching protocols (light sources, bleaching agent concentrations and irradiation time). The objective of this work is the determination of the influence of four irradiation protocols on the obtainment of better aesthetic results using a colorimetric spectrophotometer that quantifies color changes in each situation imposed. Forty bovine incisors were selected in function of similar anatomic characteristics; a concentrated coffee solution was used to stain the teeth. A commercial spectrophotometer was used to measure the color changes during evolution of the experiment (stain and bleaching phases) and the obtained data was analyzed by the ANOVA test. The obtained data showed the evolution of teeth color during the staining period, as well as, the color reduction that each bleaching protocol achieved. Based on our findings it is possible to conclude that bleaching protocols with larger irradiation periods did not showed significant differences when compared with shorter irradiation protocols, in that way the use of protocols with 30 min or more of consecutive irradiation are not clinically justified and also can cause several side effects.

Polymerization kinetics and polymerization stress in resin composites after accelerated aging as a function of the expiration date

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)