Forámenes emisarios del cráneo humano: Características anatómicas y sus relaciones con la neurocirugía clínica

The recognition of emissary foramens is important not only for understanding the regional neurovascular anatomy, but also to distinguish normal from potentially abnormal structures. Thus, the aim of this study was to review the literature on anatomical and clinical aspects of the mastoid, parietal and sphenoid emissary foramens. It was found that the emissary foramen presents importance in clinical practice because it acts as a route of spread of extracranial infection to the intracranial structures and also possible complications in neurosurgery, due to its influence in the performance of techniques such as radiofrequency rhizotomy for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. The anatomical knowledge of the emissary foramens is important due to variability in their incidence in the human skull and its relation to the dura mater sinuses.

Supratarsal approach to treatment of zygomatic complex fractures

Many incisions have been described for approaches to zygomatic fractures. Precise repositioning of zygomatic complex fractures is difficult. The traditional approach is through an eyebrow incision, but it can produce a scar that causes aesthetic and psychological problems for the patient. We describe the supratarsal fold approach to expose the frontozygomatic suture and to reduce small displacements of frontal sinus anterior wall; it gives good access and excellent aesthetic results.

Radiographic and clinical evaluation of zygomatico-maxillary complex fractures treated by 2.0 miniplates system

The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) is the second highly incidental of facial fractures. According to the anatomical complexity, there are many reports in the literature about this trauma, mainly related to treatment for these fractures. With the purpose of evaluating clinically and radiographically the stability of unilateral zygomatic fractures treated by surgical reduction and fixed in two points by stable internal fixation, this research was proposed. Twenty patients with zygomatic fractures were evaluated and compared with twenty nonfractured patients. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences among the obtained data, perimeter and area, of the treated and contra-lateral sides of the experimental group. When compared to the control group the differences were not statistically significant. We also performed a comparison of the distance between the nasal bone and zygomatic prominence in all groups the results were also satisfactory.

Particularities in the technique of calvaria graft

Calvaria grafts provide good bone quantity for the reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla, and have lower morbidity and resorption rates when compared to iliac crest. The aim of this paper is to present the technique for obtaining a graft of the skull. Initially, the depth of the osteotomy is determined by a manually conducted bur, which establishes the limits of the structures of the skull (outer table, diploe and inner table), making the removal of bone blocks easier and safer. Thus, osteotomies of the blocks are made with greater security, avoiding the complications inherent to surgical technique. The case that will be presented it is from a male patient of 65 years who refused to submit to the iliac crest graft, opting for the calvaria, despite being bald, that is a contraindication for this treatment modality. A delicate suture associated with placement of titanium mesh to maintain the conformation of the patient's skull in the region of the bone defect, created after removal of the graft, provided a good cosmetic result at the donor site. The use of titanium mesh for re-anatomization of bone defects created in the grafts is well indicated for bald patients.

Comportamento dos óleos de girassol, soja e milho em frituras de produto cárneo empanado pré-frito congelado

A utilização crescente de alimentos rápidos determinou a expansão de uma indústria de produtos fritos e pré-fritos. A compreensão das mudanças que o óleo sofre durante os processos de fritura é importante, pois pode levar à otimização destes processos, e a melhoria da qualidade do óleo de fritura e do produto final. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se determinar os níveis de alteração de diferentes óleos vegetais, girassol, soja e milho, no processo de fritura dos snacks produto cárneo empanado pré-frito congelado. As frituras foram conduzidas em temperatura de 180°C, relação superfície/volume (S/V) de 0,3 cm-1 e tempo total de aquecimento de 12 horas. Nos snacks procederam-se as análises de teor de umidade e lipídios; nos óleos as determinações de compostos polares totais, ácidos graxos livres e índice de peróxidos. Nenhuma análise apresentou alteração acima dos limites recomendados por alguns países. Desta forma, concluiu-se que as condições estabelecidas no processo de fritura são seguras, indicando que todos os óleos foram adequados à fritura, sendo o óleo de milho de maior estabilidade oxidativa.

Aspectos clínicos-laboratoriais do uso do azul de metileno na obstrução experimental do jejuno em equinos expostos ao lipopolissacarídeo (LPS)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efecto del blanqueamiento dental con peroxido de hidrógeno al 35% en la resistencia de unión de dientes restaurados con resina compuesta

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)