Nickel in a tropical soil treated with sewage sludge and cropped with maize in a long-term field study

Sewage sludge produced by the SABESP wastewater treatment plant (Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo), located in Barueri, SP, Brazil, may contain high contents of nickel (Ni), increasing the risk of application to agricultural soils. An experiment was carried out under field conditions in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating the effects on soil properties and on maize plants of increasing rates of a sewage sludge rich in Ni that had been applied for 6 consecutive years. The experiment was located on a Typic Haplorthox soil, using an experimental design of randomized blocks with four treatments (rates of sewage sludge) and five replications. At the end of the experiment the accumulated amounts of sewage sludge applied were 0.0, 30.0, 60.0 and 67.5 t ha-1. Maize (Zea mays L.) was the test plant. Soil samples were collected 60 d after sowing at depths of 0-20 cm for Ni studies and from 0 to 10 cm and from 10 to 20 cm for urease studies. Sewage sludge did not cause toxicity or micronutrient deficiencies to maize plants and increased grain production. Soil Ni appeared to be associated with the most stable fractions of the soil organic matter and was protected against strong extracting solutions such as concentrated and hot HNO3 and HCl. Ni added to the soil by sewage sludge increased the metal concentration in the shoots, but not in the grain. The Mehlich 3 extractor was not efficient to evaluate Ni phytoavailability to maize plants. Soil urease activity was increased by sewage sludge only in the layer where the residue was applied. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Técnicas de pós-colheita e expansão da cultura da manga no Estado de São Paulo

A demanda por manga tem apresentado crescimento significativo no mercado internacional. No Brasil, a produção de manga apresenta grande potencial de crescimento para exportação. A utilização de técnicas de indução floral e póscolheita tem permitido explorar brechas de mercado, no momento em que se reduz a oferta dos países concorrentes. O Estado de São Paulo tem aumentado a produção e a exportação de manga na última década. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a relação entre a adoção de técnicas de melhoria da qualidade da manga produzida, exigidas na exportação, e a expansão da cultura no Estado de São Paulo. Para a análise da qualidade da manga produzida, utilizou-se como parâmetro o grau de adequação do produtor às normas exigidas nos mercados consumidores, em duas cidades do Estado. A pesquisa de campo mostrou que a adequação aos requisitos exigidos de qualidade tem conformado regiões no Estado de São Paulo, onde o aumento de produção está diretamente relacionado com as exportações. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que essa atividade tem apresentado um retorno econômico atraente aos produtores.

Ocorrência e variabilidade genética do Tomato severe rugose virus em tomateiro e pimentão no Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Activity of Delta(9)-desaturase enzyme in mammary gland of lactating buffaloes

The objective of this research was to measure the activity of e-desaturase enzyme in lactating buffaloes. Data from forty lactating Murrah-crossbred buffaloes were collected on five commercial farms located at Sarapui and Pilar do Sul, São Paulo-Brazil. A field survey was done from April to November 2002. In four farms, buffaloes were fed with wet brewers grains (primary concentrate). Only one farm (Farm 4) offered pasture and corn silage. Monthly milk samples were collected and stored at -20 degrees C until analyzed for fatty acid composition. The Delta(9)-desaturase activity was measured using an indirect method (myristoleic and myristic acids ration - C(14:1c9)/C(14:0)). The higher C(14:1c9)/C(14:0) rate was verified on Farm 4 (0.092). The C(14:1c9)/C(14:0) ratio were 0.064 to Farm 1; 0.065 to Farm 2; 0.062 to Farm 3 and 0.065 to Farm 5. The C(17:1)/C(17:0), C(18:1c9)/C(18:0) and C(18:2c9t11)/C(18:1t11) ratios were also affected. The Farm 4 showed higher value for all ratios. Therefore, in lactating buffaloes grazing pasture the Delta(9)-desaturase activity could be enhanced.

Total Fatty Acids in Murrah Buffaloes Milk on Commercial Farms in Brazil

The objective of this trial was to document the total fatty acids in Murrah buffaloes milk on commercial farms in Brazil. Data from forty lactating Murrah-crossbred buffaloes were collected on five commercial farms located at Sarapui and Pilar do Sul, São Paulo-Brazil. A field survey was done from April to November 2002. In four farms, buffaloes were fed with wet brewers grains (primary concentrate). Only one farm (Farm 4) offered pasture and corn silage. Monthly milk samples were collected and stored at -20 degrees C until analyzed for fatty acid composition. The fatty acids with the highest percentage in total milk fat were C(16:0); C(18:1c9); C(18:0) and C(14:0). The average content observed in C(16:0) varied from 25.4 to 32.5%. Farm 4 (pasture plus corn silage) showed a higher C(16:0) value (32.5%). C(18:1c9) (varied) from 20.6 to 25.1%, C(14:0) varied from 5.9 to 8.9% and CLA content (C(18:2c9t11)) varied from 1.0 to 1.8%. Farm 3 presented higher average of C(18:1c9) (25.1%) and C(18:2c9t11) (1.8%), and lower average of C(14:0) (6.0%). Likewise, unsaturated fatty acids, C(18:1c9) and C(18:2c9t11) were higher on Farm 3. Probably, these results can be due to high CIA intakes derived from wet brewers grain and pasture. Long chain fatty acids varied from 34.2% (Farm 4) to 48.8% (Farm 3). In general, diets based on pasture and corn silage increased the levels of medium chain fatty acids in Murrah buffaloes milk.

Compartimentação fisiográfica do município de peruíbe, litoral de São Paulo - uma abordagem metodológica como subsídio à avaliação geotécnica de terrenos

This paper presents a method applied to the seacoast town of Peruibe, São Paulo State, Brazil. The method encompasses the application of remote sensing interpretation techniques and field survey to obtain geotechnical data and thus generate cartographic products composed of easily grouped units that work as database objects and can de used to assist geotechnical zoning. The so-called Compartmentalization Basic Units (CBUs) show the smallest land surface analyzed from its physiographic elements and have in their cores the same geotechnical properties, making it easier to analyze the potentialities and the fragilities of the physical environment and its susceptibility to the action of natural and anthropic processes. In the study area, sixty-eight units were individualized in which geotechnical properties were inferred by photo interpretation criteria, using textural properties of the image adjusted with field observations. The method proved to be easily reproducible, and is especially useful in regions where the absence of basic maps makes it impossible to establish homogeneous zones through traditional overlay of different topic informations.

O vir-a-ser da educação ambiental nas escolas municipais de Penápolis-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uma exploração dos modelos de uso integrado da teoria das restrições, produção enxuta e seis sigma

Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

Dinâmica da paisagem na microbacia hidrográfica do rio Mojuí, oeste do estado do Pará

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Processo de expansão urbana e conurbação em uma aglomeração urbana não-metropolitana no interior paulista

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

São João da Boa Vista: a paisagem geográfica da Escarpa da Mantiqueira

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Bioecologia do percevejo bronzeado Thaumastocoris peregrinus carpintero & dellapé (hemiptera: thaumastocoridae) em eucalipto e prospecção de inimigos naturais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diversidade de anfibios da floresta com Araucária

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Transferência de tecnologia e atividades de extensão universitária: análise do projeto de capacitação de pequenos produtores de cachaça do estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A comissão própria de avaliação na promoção da qualidade em instituições de ensino: um estudo sobre a gestão do conhecimento no ensino superior privado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)