Taste alteration, mouth dryness and teeth staining as side effects of medications taken by elderly

Elderly patients generally use several types of medication, some of which may cause oral side effects. Aim: To investigate the oral side effects caused by medication in an elderly sample. Methods: Three hundred patients were interviewed about their use of medication and were divided in two groups: institutionalized (n=150) and community-dwelling (n=150) elderly. Results: The most used drugs were antihypertensives (53%) for community-dwelling elders and antiulceratives (76%) for the institutionalized ones. The more prevalent side effects were taste alterations that occurred in 19%, dry mouth in 17% and teeth staining in 2%. Conclusions: A high prevalence of oral side effects from medications used by the elderly was found in this study. The health professionals should be aware of the possible side effects caused by prescribed medications.

Iatrogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a dog

Anormalidades quali-quantitativas em componentes primários da lágrima podem alterar a dinâmica do filme lacrimal, comprometendo sua função. O filme lacrimal é composto por lipídios, uma fração aquosa e por mucoproteínas. A ceratoconjuntivite seca (CCS) é uma enfermidade freqüentemente diagnosticada em cães, caracterizada pela deficiência da fração aquosa do filme lacrimal, resultando em dessecação e inflamação da conjuntiva e córnea, dor, doença corneana progressiva e redução da visão. Devido à contribuição significativa da glândula da terceira pálpebra na produção da porção aquosa do filme lacrimal, a remoção desta glândula, quando prolapsada, constitui-se em importante causa de CCS iatrogênica. Este trabalho relata um caso clínico de ceratoconjuntivite seca iatrogênica, em um cão da raça Boston Terrier de 10 meses de idade, causada pela remoção cirúrgica da glândula lacrimal da terceira pálpebra, quando esta encontrava-se prolapsada.

Efeito da irrigação sobre o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja em semeadura de inverno

Período seco e temperaturas amenas são condições climáticas ideais durante a maturação e colheita de sementes de soja. O objetivo foi verificar o efeito da irrigação no período pós-maturidade fisiológica, sobre o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja semeadas no inverno. A disposição dos tratamentos seguiu esquema fatorial envolvendo três cultivares (IAC-19, Conquista e IAC 8-2) e duas épocas de interrupção da irrigação (início do estádio R7 e irrigação até 14 dias após R8). Foram feitas amostragens (colheitas) no início do estádio R7, 3, 7, 10, 14 (estádio R8) e 28 dias após o início do estádio R7. Para as avaliações utilizaram-se os testes de germinação, de envelhecimento acelerado e de condutividade elétrica e determinou-se a porcentagem de sementes manchadas e defeituosas. Nas condições em que foi realizado o experimento, concluiu-se que a irrigação após o estádio R7 não compromete e pode até melhorar o potencial fisiológico das sementes produzidas; a produção de sementes de soja em semeadura de inverno é possível em função de condições climáticas favoráveis.

Effect of green Coffea arabica L. seed oil on extracellular matrix components and water-channel expression in in vitro and ex vivo human skin models

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Actinic cheilitis: Clinical and histological features

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and histological features of actinic cheilitis (AC).Patients and Methods: A total of 29 patients with AC were clinically evaluated, and incisional biopsies were performed to confirm the clinical diagnosis. Histological features were analyzed, and dysplasia was classified as mild, moderate, or severe. The chi(2) test was used for the following variables: gender, age, race, and smoking habits. The degree of dysplasia was related to these variables (Fisher's test) to test for independence between them (P <.05).Results: of the patient group, 72.41% were male, 75.86% were overage 40 years, 93.10% were white, and 72.41% were nonsmokers. Clinically, all patients presented with multifocal lesions. The following manifestations were seen: dryness, atrophy, scaly lesions, swelling of the lip, erythema, ulceration, blurred demarcation between the lip vermilion border and the skin, marked folds along the lip vermilion, white spots or plaques, crusts, blotchy areas, and areas of pallor. Keratosis, granulosis, hyperplasia, acanthosis, or atrophy and dysplasia were found in the epithelial tissue; elastosis, inflammatory infiltrate, and vasodilatation were found in the connective tissue. Dysplasia was mild in 10.34% of the patients, moderate in 27.59%, and severe in 62.07%. Absence of sample homogeneity was observed in regard to gender, age, race, and smoking habits. It was not possible to reject the hypothesis of independence between mild, moderate, or severe dysplasia and gender, age, race, and smoking habits.Conclusions: Dryness, atrophy, and scaly lesions were the most common clinical findings observed. Dysplasia, inflammatory infiltrate, and vasodilatation, as well as elastosis, were the most common histological findings observed. Gender, age, race, or smoking habits were not related to the degree of dysplasia in the sample. (c) 2008 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Desempenho de clones de seringueira de origem amazônica no planalto do Estado de São Paulo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adaptabilidade e expressão fenotípica de caracteres superiores de dez clones amazônicos de seringueira (Hevea spp.) no planalto do Estado de São Paulo em um período de 10 anos, obedecendo ao delineamento de blocos ao acaso com três repetições e parcelas lineares de seis plantas. O clone IAN 3156 foi o mais produtivo, com média de 65,57 g de borracha seca/árvore/sangria, no período de quatro anos, seguido pelo clone RO 45 com 52,29 g de borracha seca/árvore/sangria, enquanto o clone-testemunha, RRIM 600, produziu 41,04 g/árvore/sangria. Todos os clones apresentaram crescimento vigoroso. O perímetro do caule na abertura do painel variou de 37,01 cm (IAN 3193) a 49,41 cm (IAN 4493). A porcentagem de plantas aptas à sangria variou de 30,0% (IAN 3703) a 93,75% (IAN 6323). Exceto os clones IAN 3156 e IAN 4493 com 7,00 mm e 6,32 mm, respectivamente, todos os outros clones apresentaram espessura de casca virgem inferior ao clone RRIM 600, que apresentou 6,18 mm. O clone IAN 3193 apresentou maior incidência de quebra do ponteiro pelo vento. Todos os clones estudados apresentaram baixa incidência de secamento de painel. O bom desempenho dos clones IAN 3156, RO 45, Fx 3899 e IAN 4493 permite que possam ser experimentados em larga escala, envolvendo diferentes ambientes no Estado de São Paulo.

Determination of fluquinconazole, pyrimethanil, and clofentezine residues in fruits by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection

A simple method was developed for the determination of fluquinconazole, pyrimethanil, and clofentezine in whole fruit; peel; and pulp of mango, apple, and papaya. These compounds were extracted from fruit samples with a mixture of ethyl acetate-n-hexane (1 + 1, v/v). An aliquot (2 mL) of the extract was evaporated to near dryness under a stream of nitrogen, and the residue was dissolved with 2 mL methanol. The analysis was performed by means of liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm using a gradient solvent system. The method was validated with fortified fruit samples at concentration levels of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.50 mg/kg. Average recoveries (4-8 replicates) ranged from 80 to 95% with relative standard deviations between 3.5 and 12.7%. Detection limits ranged from 0.03 to 0.05 mg/kg for fruit pulp and 0.03 mg/kg for whole fruit. The quantitation limits ranged from 0.05 to 0.10 mg/kg for fruit pulp and 0.05 mg/kg for whole fruit. The analytical method was applied to fruit samples obtained from local markets.

Determination of the geometrical diarylpropenamine isomers in feces by high-performance liquid chromatography

Diarylpropenamine derivatives are a class of compounds which have been evaluated as potential drug candidates. Here a specific and reproducible HPLC method for the determination of cis- and trans-isomers of the unsubstituted derivative, 3-(4'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(4-X-phenyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-propen-1-amine (I, where X=H) in feces is described. The analyte I and internal standard, nitro derivative (II, where X=NO2), were isolated from the basified biological matrix using a liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate followed by a solid-phase procedure performed on a silica cartridge. The organic phase was evaporated to dryness, the residue was reconstituted in mobile phase and injected into the HPLC system. The analytes were eluted with ethyl acetate-hexane-triethylamine (59:40:1) in HPLC column (silica) and detected by UV spectrophotometry at 272 nm. Linearity, precision and accuracy data for feces standards after extraction were acceptable. The method has been applied to analyses of feces samples from rats dosed with I, in which it could be anticipated that fecal excretion is quantitatively the major route for I elimination. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.

Anovulvar cleft and vaginal prolapse-hyperplasia in a bitch

This report presents the case of a nine-month-old bitch with incomplete occlusion of the skin and mucosa between the anus and dorsal commissure of the vulva. This anomaly, known as anovulvar cleft, was associated with a vaginal prolapse-hyperplasia. Anovulvar cleft is a rare condition in bitches and is caused by incomplete closure of the dorsal urogenital folds. Anovulvar cleft can lead to clitoritis, abrasion, dryness and devitalisation of the smooth exposed mucosa. Surgery can correct the condition. In the present study, surgical resection of the hyperplasic vaginal tissue associated with perineoplasty using an inverted V-shaped incision showed excellent results. An ovariohysterectomy was also performed to prevent recurrence of the vaginal prolapse-hyperplasia. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

The role of membranous urethral afferent autonomic innervation in the continence mechanism after nerve sparing radical prostatectomy: a clinical and prospective study

Purpose: We evaluated the somatic and autonomic innervation of the pelvic floor and rhabdosphincter before and after nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy using neurophysiological tests and correlated findings with clinical parameters and urinary continence. Materials and Methods: From February 2003 to October 2005, 46 patients with prostate cancer were enrolled in a controlled, prospective study. Patients were evaluated before and 6 months after nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy using the UCLA-PCI urinary function domain and neurophysiological tests, including somatosensory evoked potential, and the pudendo-urethral, pudendo-anal and urethro-anal reflexes. Clinical parameters and urinary continence were correlated with afferent and efferent innervation of the membranous urethra and pelvic floor. We used strict criteria to define urinary continence as complete dryness with no leakage at all, not requiring any pads or diapers and with a UCLA-PCI score of 500. Patients with a sporadic drop of leakage, requiring up to 1 pad daily, were defined as having occasional urinary leakage. Results: Two patients were excluded from study due to urethral stricture postoperatively. We evaluated 44 patients within 6 months after surgery. The pudendo-anal and pudendo-urethral reflexes were unchanged postoperatively (p = 0.93 and 0.09, respectively), demonstrating that afferent and efferent pudendal innervation to this pelvic region was not affected by the surgery. Autonomic afferent denervation of the membranous urethral mucosa was found in 34 patients (77.3%), as demonstrated by a postoperative increase in the urethro-anal reflex sensory threshold and urethro-anal reflex latency (p <0.001 and 0.0007, respectively). Six of the 44 patients used pads. One patient with more severe leakage required 3 pads daily and 23 showed urinary leakage, including 5 who needed 1 pad per day and 18 who did not wear pads. Afferent autonomic denervation at the membranous urethral mucosa was found in 91.7% of patients with urinary leakage. Of 10 patients with preserved urethro-anal reflex latency 80% were continent. Conclusions: Sensory and motor pudendal innervation to this specific pelvic region did not change after nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy. Significant autonomic afferent denervation of the membranous urethral mucosa was present in most patients postoperatively. Impaired membranous urethral sensitivity seemed to be associated with urinary incontinence, particularly in patients with occasional urinary leakage. Damage to the afferent autonomic innervation may have a role in the continence mechanism after nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Ocupação, políticas públicas e gestão ambiental de unidade de conservação do Estado de Rondônia: o estudo de caso do Parque Estadual de Guajará Mirim

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Religião e sociedade no Egito antigo: do mito de Ísis e Osíris na obra de Plutarco (I d.C.)

Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS

Síntese, caracterização e estudo do comportamento térmico dos 2-metoxibenzoatos de Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) e Zn(II) no estado sólido

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Membranas condutoras iônicas de celulose bacteriana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação das propriedades físico-mecânicas da madeira de árvores de Hevea Brasiliensis em três condições de sanidade no Estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)