Documentação oficial e o mito da educadora nata na educação infantil

O artigo descreve a trajetória, bem como apresenta as conclusões de pesquisa que resultou em dissertação de mestrado em educação, defendida em 1997, cujo objeto de estudo é o profissional que atua na educação infantil em nosso país. As análises levaram à conclusão de que, ao longo da história, tem-se reforçado a imagem do profissional dessa área como sendo a da mulher naturalmente educadora, passiva, paciente, amorosa, que sabe agir com bom senso, é guiada pelo coração, em detrimento da formação profissional. A não-valorização salarial, a inferioridade perante os demais docentes, a vinculação do seu trabalho com o doméstico e a deficiência articulam-se à difusão da figura mitificada, que não consegue desvincular-se das significações que interligam a mãe e a criança.

Raciocínio moral e uso abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas por adolescentes

O uso abusivo de álcool por adolescentes é uma questão que preocupa os envolvidos com a educação, uma vez que as consequências desse fato podem gerar sérios prejuízos ao processo ensino-aprendizagem e ao adolescente que abusa. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o debate na busca de uma intervenção efetiva que possa ser utilizada, sobretudo nas escolas, procuramos detectar a possível relação entre uso abusivo de álcool e raciocínio moral. Para tanto, participaram alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública, selecionados por meio da aplicação do AUDIT (The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test), que posteriormente foram entrevistados, conforme a Moral Judgement Interview (MJI) proposta por Kohlberg. Os resultados obtidos revelam níveis e estágios morais aquém dos esperados. Concluímos que a prevenção pode ser pensada por meio da Educação Moral como uma proposta de intervenção efetiva contra o uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas.

The Brazilian pediatric myelodysplastic cooperative group strategies: are they relevant to improve educational approach and correct diagnosis?

Brazil is a wide country with huge contrasts. Its peculiarities can highlight environmental factors that could influence the frequencies of different cancers. The standard treatment and results achieved from several different areas of the country may not be found in others. The establishment of a national cooperative group has the potential to improve outcomes. The The Brazilian Cooperative Group on Pediatric Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (BCG-MDS-PED) was first organized in January 1997 as a working group of hematologists, pediatric oncologists, pediatric-hematologists, molecular biologists and other professionals in order to study pediatric (age < 18 years) MDS. Six distinct subcommittees constituted with members from several universities: cytology, histopathology, clinical, cytogenetics, molecular biology and epidemiology. The goals of the BCG-MDS-PED were: (i) to offer support for diagnosis and orientation for treatment; (ii) educational Support for the colleagues all over the country and (iii) research on pathogenesis and new approaches for pediatric MDS patients. There are socio-economical differences among the five regions of the country. The BCG-MDS-PED believes that it is absolutely necessary to Study the clinical, cellular, molecular and epidemiological aspects of MDS, taking in account these peculiar differences among populations and regions. Since 1997, 114 pediatric cases were referred to the BCG-MDS-PED from 21 centres. Seven Brazilian states have sent cases to the group, 31 patients were referred from universities, 73 patients from pediatric oncology units (foundations) and 10 patients came from private clinics. Some of these patients have been followed up and/or treated by the physician who referred them to the BCG-MDS-PED for confirmation of the initial diagnosis. The majority of these physicians have required orientation on diagnostic and treatment issues, as well as to complete cytogenetic and molecular studies. From these 114 patients, 64 patients were confirmed as MDS. We believe that, the more numerous the MDS-studied cases, the more experienced will be the referee group on clinical and laboratory features on childhood MDS in Brazil. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier B.V. Ltd.

HMB-45 - A review

HMB-45, named for the immunogen used (human melanoma, black) is a monoclonal antibody developed 10 years ago by Gown and colleagues to a whole-cell extract of a human melanoma. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that HMB-45 is a highly sensitive and specific reagent for the identification of melanoma. More recently, it has been found that HMB-45 reacts with a protein designated gp100-cl, which is apparently related to the pmel 17 gene product. Because gp100-cl is a melanosomal matrix protein, HMB-45 is more correctly identified as an organelle-specific rather than tumor-specific reagent. HMB-45 immunoreactivity is seen in normal fetal and neonatal melanocytes but not in adult resting melanocytes. Reactive or proliferating melanocytes present in inflamed adult skin or in skin overlying certain dermal neoplasms, can also ''re-express'' the HMB-45-defined antigen. Whereas the vast majority of melanomas are HMB-45-positive, one important exception is desmoplastic malignant melanoma, which consistently demonstrates a much lower rate of expression of the HMB-45-defined antigen compared with other types of melanoma. In recent years there have been scattered reports of HMB-45 immunoreactivity in nonmelanomatous tumors, such as breast and other carcinomas, but virtually all these reports employed commercial ascites fluid preparations of HMB-45 antibody that were subsequently shown to be contaminated with nonspecific antibodies. Thus, for most practical purposes, a positive reaction with HMB-45 indicates active melanosome formation and, therefore, melanocytic differentiation. There is also a set of HMB-45-positive tumors that consistently manifest HMB-45 immunoreactivity but do not display obvious pigmentation: clear cell ''sugar'' tumor of the lung, angiomyolipoma, and lymphangiomyomatosis. Nonetheless, these lesions are all unified by recent ultrastructural studies that confirm the presence premelanosomes. Curiously, all three lesions also manifest evidence for simultaneous smooth-muscle differentiation. HMB-45 remains, therefore, a reliable marker of melanoma but may also provide insights into a rare group of tumors.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and Kaposi's sarcoma in Brazil

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) became a critical health issue with the emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s. Four clinical-epidemiological forms of KS have been described: classical KS, endemic KS,iatrogenic KS, and AIDS-associated KS. In 1994, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus type 8 was identified by Chang and colleagues, and has been detected worldwide at frequencies ranging from 80 to 100%. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of KSHV infection in KS lesions from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in Brazil, as well as to review the current knowledge about KS transmission and detection. For these purposes, DNA from 51 cases of KS was assessed by PCR: 20 (39.2%) cases of classical KS, 29 (56.9%) of AIDS-associated KS and 2 (3.9%) of iatrogenic KS. Most patients were males (7.5:1, M/F), and mean age was 47.9 years (SD = ± 18.7 years). As expected, HIV-positive KS patients were younger than patients with classical KS. On the other hand, patients with AIDS-associated KS have early lesions (patch and plaque) compared to classical KS patients (predominantly nodular lesions). This is assumed to be the result of the early diagnose of KS in the HIV-positive setting. KSHV infection was detected by PCR in almost all cases (48/51; 94.1%), irrespectively of the clinical-epidemiological form of KS. These results show that KSHV is associated with all forms of KS in Brazilian patients, a fact that supports the role of this virus in KS pathogenesis. © 2006 Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research.

Digital proficiency and digital inclusion: Comparison between students of computer science, public relations and engineering

New information and communication technologies may be useful for providing more in-depth knowledge to students in many ways, whether through online multimedia educational material, or through online debates with colleagues, teachers and other area professionals in a synchronous or asynchronous manner. This paper focuses on participation in online discussion in e-learning courses for promoting learning. Although an important theoretical aspect, an analysis of literature reveals there are few studies evaluating the personal and social aspects of online course users in a quantitative manner. This paper aims to introduce a method for diagnosing inclusion and digital proficiency and other personal aspects of the student through a case study comparing Information System, Public Relations and Engineering students at a public university in Brazil. Statistical analysis and analysis of variances (ANOVA) were used as the methodology for data analysis in order to understand existing relations between the components of the proposed method. The survey methodology was also used, in its online format, as a research instrument. The method is based on using online questionnaires that diagnose digital proficiency and time management, level of extroversion and social skills of the students. According to the sample studied, there is no strong correlation between digital proficiency and individual characteristics tied to the use of time, level of extroversion and social skills of students. The differences in course grades for some components are partly due to subject 'Introduction to Economics' being offered to freshmen in Public Relations, whereas subject 'Economics in Engineering' is offered in the final semesters of Engineering and Information Systems courses. Therefore, the difference could be more tied to the respondent's age than to the course. Information Systems students were observed to be older, with access to computers and Internet at the workplace, compared to the other students who access the Internet more often from home. This paper presents a pilot study aimed at conducting a diagnosis that permits proposing actions for information and communication technology to contribute towards student education. Three levels of digital inclusion are described as a scale to measure whether information technology increases personal performance and professional knowledge and skills. This study may be useful for other readers interested in themes related to education in engineering. © 2013 IEEE.

Em foco: professores de Artes e suas experiências com os materiais educativos Lá vai Maria Bem-vindo professor! arte br

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

O fazer teatral e suas possíveis contribuições para o desenvolvimento da produção textual

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ler e escrever: mediação entre crianças pequenas

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Interdisciplinaridade no ensino médio: a construção de um projeto coletivo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Percepção de professores de ciências de uma escola pública estadual sobre a interação universidade-escola

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Os estudos de Avery, Macleod e Mccarty e a idéia do DNA como responsável pela hereditariedade: interpretações historiográficas e apontamentos para o ensino de biologia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A evolução de um grupo de estudantes em uma disciplina de prática de ensino de biologia

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Ensino de biologia e o desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas por meio de atividades práticas e contextualizadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Contribuições formativas do laboratório didático de física sob o enfoque das racionalidades

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)