The end magnets of the IFUSP race-track microtron booster

The end magnets of the IFUSP race-track microtron booster, second stage of the electron accelerator under construction at the Linear Accelerator Laboratory, are presented. They deflect, focus and return the beam to the accelerating section. Details about the project are discussed, Poisson code was used to give the final geometry of the end magnets. The end magnets incorporate auxiliary pole pieces (clamps) which create a reverse fringe field region that avoids the beam vertical defocusing and reduces the horizontal displacement produced by extended fringe fields (EFF). The small gap height used for the clamps provided reverse field distributions with fringe fields of short extensions, avoiding the traditional use of inactive clamps. Measurements and calculations concerning particle trajectories and reverse field distribution are presented. The floating wire technique, employing an original procedure to register orbits, was used to corroborate the calculated beam trajectories and represents a good experimental option in the lack of the accelerator beam. The experimental results showed agreement of about 0.1% with the calculations.

Cycloaddition reaction of the azido-bridged cyclometallated complex [Pd(dmba)N-3](2) with CS2. Crystal and molecular structure of DI(mu, N,S-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole-5-thiolate) bis[(N,N-dimethylbenzyl-amine-C-2,N)palladium(II)]

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of carbon disulfide to the coordinated azide in the cyclometallated compound [Pd(dmba)(N-3)](2) (1), dmba = N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, was investigated. The compound obtained di(mu, N,S-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole-5-thiolate)-bis[(N,N-dimethylbenzylamine-C-2,N)palladium(II)] (2), was characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Complex (2) is dimeric with the two [Pd(N,N-dimethylbenzylamine)] moieties being connected by the two vicinal bridging N,S-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole-5-thiolate anions in a square-planar coordination for the palladium atoms.

Kinetics and mechanism of the induced redox reaction of [Ni(cyclam)](2+) promoted by SO5 center dot-

Oxidation of [Ni(cyclam)](2+), cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane, accelerated by sulfur dioxide, was studied spectrophotometrically by following the formation of [Ni(cyclam)](3+) under the conditions: [Ni(cyclam)](2+) = 6.0 x 10(-3) M; initial [Ni(cyclam)](3+) = 8.0 x 10(-6) M; [cyclam] = 6.0 x 10(-3) M; [SO2] = (1.0-5.0) x 10(-4) M and 1.0 M perchloric acid in oxygen saturated solutions at 25.0 degrees C and ionic strength = 1.0 M. The oxidation reaction exhibits autocatalytic behavior in which the induction period depends on the initial Ni(III) concentration. A kinetic study of the reduction of Ni(III) by SO2 under anaerobic conditions, and the oxidation of Ni(II), showed that the rate-determining step involves reduction of Ni(III) by SO2 to produce the SO3.- radical, which rapidly reacts with dissolved oxygen to produce SO5.- and rapidly oxidizes Ni(II). The results clearly show a redox cycling process which depends on the balance of SO2 and oxygen concentrations in solution.

Analysis of the ethical aspects of professional confidentiality in dental practice

From the point of view of deontological ethics, privacy is a moral right that patients are entitled to and it is bound to professional confidentiality. Otherwise, the information given by patients to health professionals would not be reliable and a trustable relationship could not be established. The aim of the present study was to assess, by means of questionnaires with open and closed questions, the awareness and attitudes of 100 dentists working in the city of Andradina, São Paulo State, Brazil, with respect to professional confidentiality in dental practice. Most dentists (91.43%) reported to have instructed their assistants on professional confidentiality. However, 44.29% of the interviewees showed to act contradictorily as reported talking about the clinical cases of their patients to their friends or spouses. The great majority of professionals (98.57%) believed that it is important to have classes on Ethics and Bioethics during graduation and, when asked about their knowledge of the penalties imposed for breach of professional confidentiality, only 48.57% of them declared to be aware of it. Only 28.57% of the interviewees affirmed to have exclusive access to the files; 67.14% reported that that files were also accessed by their secretary; 1.43% answered that their spouses also had access, and 2.86% did not answer. From the results of the present survey, it could be observed that, although dentists affirmed to be aware of professional confidentiality, their attitudes did not adhere to ethical and legal requirements. This stand of health professionals has contributed to violate professional ethics and the law itself, bringing problems both to the professional and to the patient.