Modeling and Experimental Aspects of Self-healing Bolted Joint through Shape Memory Alloy Actuators

Bolted joints are a form of mechanical coupling largely used in machinery due to their reliability and low cost. Failure of bolted joints can lead to catastrophic events, such as leaking, train derailments, aircraft crashes, etc. Most of these failures occur due to the reduction of the pre-load, induced by mechanical vibration or human errors in the assembly or maintenance process. This article investigates the application of shape memory alloy (SMA) washers as an actuator to increase the pre-load on loosened bolted joints. The application of SMA washer follows a structural health monitoring procedure to identify a damage (reduction in pre-load) occurrence. In this article, a thermo-mechanical model is presented to predict the final pre-load achieved using this kind of actuator, based on the heat input and SMA washer dimension. This model extends and improves on the previous model of Ghorashi and Inman [2004, "Shape Memory Alloy in Tension and Compression and its Application as Clamping Force Actuator in a Bolted Joint: Part 2 - Modeling," J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct., 15:589-600], by eliminating the pre-load term related to nut turning making the system more practical. This complete model is a powerful but complex tool to be used by designers. A novel modeling approach for self-healing bolted joints based on curve fitting of experimental data is presented. The article concludes with an experimental application that leads to a change in joint assembly to increase the system reliability, by removing the ceramic washer component. Further research topics are also suggested.

Smart structures health monitoring using artificial neural network

This paper presents a non-model based technique to detect and locate structural damage with the use of artificial neural networks. This method utilizes high frequency structural excitation (typically greater than 30 kHz) through a surface-bonded piezoelectric sensor/actuator to detect changes in structural point impedance due to the presence of damage. Two sets of artificial neural networks were developed in order to detect, locate and characterize structural damage by examining changes in the measured impedance curves. A simulation beam model was developed to verify the proposed method. An experiment was successfully performed in detecting damage on a 4-bay structure with bolted-joints, where the bolts were progressively released.

Comportamento da distribuição de carga nos parfusos em diferentes configurações de juntas utilizando o método dos elementos finitos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Determinação do fator de rigidez de junta aparafusada em tração utilizando o software Excel

When a bolted joint is loaded in tension with dynamically, part of this load is absorbed by the bolt and rest is absorbed by the joint material. What determines the portion that is to absorbed by the bolt is the joint stiffness factor. This factor influences the tension which corresponds to pre-load and the safety factor for fatigue failure, thus being an important factor in the design of bolted joints. In this work, three methods of calculating the stiffness factor are compared through a spreadsheet in Excel software. The ratio of initial pre-load and the safety factor for fatigue failure depending on the stiffness factor graph is generated. The calculations for each method show results with a small difference. It is therefore recommended that each project case is analyzed, and depending on its conditions and the range of stiffness values, the more or less rigid method about the safety factor for fatigue failure is chosen. In general, the approximation method provides consistent results and can be easily calculated

Avaliação da influência do formato da porca e da pré-carga em juntas aparafusadas em tração

Many structures and mechanical equipment requires a union member, and the screw is one of the most used, the cost is low, it is versatile and easy to find on the market. The resulting pre-load assembly torque associated with the cyclical external load has great influence, so it will be studied carefully. This study analyzed some of these factors, as the format of nuts, and the washer material when they are incompatible with the bolt material can cause a reduction in life of the joint fatigue

Análise de junta aparafusada de biela automotiva

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Evaluation of Electrical Properties of Lap Joints for BSCCO and YBCO Tapes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effects of several TIG weld repairs on the axial fatigue strength of AISI 4130 aeronautical steel-welded joints

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fatigue strength of tungsten inert gas-repaired weld joints in airplane critical structures

In this work the effect of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) repairs on the axial fatigue strength of an AISI 4130 steel welded joint used in airframe critical to the flight-safety was investigated. Fatigue tests were performed at room temperature on 0.89 mm thick hot-rolled plates with constant amplitude and load ratio of R = 0.1, at 20 Hz frequency. Monotonic tensile tests, optical metallography and microhardness, residual stress and weld geometric factors measurements were also performed. The fatigue strength decreased with the number of GTAW repairs, and was related to microstructural and microhardness changes, as well as residual stress field and weld profile geometry factors, which gave origin to high stress concentration at the weld toe. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Goniometric measurements of the forelimb and hindlimb joints in sheep

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fatigue performance of joints executed in pure titanium structures with several diameters

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Machined and plastic copings in three-element prostheses with different types of implant-abutment joints: a strain gauge comparative analysis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

SAE 1045 steel/WC-Co/Ni-Cu-Ni/SAE 1045 steel joints prepared by dynamic diffusion bonding: Microelectrochemical studies in 0.6 M NaCl solution

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência de parâmetros construtivos e operacionais na vida em fadiga de uniões aparafusadas em tração

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Electrical and Superconducting Properties in Lap Joints for YBCO Tapes

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)