The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle: A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution

To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.

A dense GNSS meteorological network for observing deep convection in the Amazon

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Poesia visual e poética postal

Ce travail cherche montrer quelques caractéristiques de la Poésie Visuel, expresion artistique qui melange le langage verbal et le langage visuel à tel point qu´on ne peut pas afirmer une classification appuyée sur les genres traditionnels. Aprés une curte presentation des chemins et des points polémiques de cette esthétique, on analyse comme exemple deux compositions sorties de le grand réseau de communication de l´Art Postal qui est né les années soixante et survit aujourd´hui avec intensité. L´Art Postal a une structure fondé sur la simultanéité de l´information que ressamble à la forme de la poésie visuel. Cettes compositions contemporaines sont confrontées à la tradition du poème visuel qui commence peut-être à l´époque des premiers écrits de hiéroglyphe. Elles sont analysées, donc, dans son originalité. A partir des analyses realisées dans le but de révéler les significations, on arrive à la question proposé par Wilcon Joia Pereira : la nécessité de se comprendre d´une façon nouvelle les expériences esthétiques oú les mots deviennent des images

The genomes of two key bumblebee species with primitive eusocial organization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness

The search for predictions of species diversity across environmental gradients has challenged ecologists for decades. The humped-back model (HBM) suggests that plant diversity peaks at intermediate productivity; at low productivity few species can tolerate the environmental stresses, and at high productivity a few highly competitive species dominate. Over time the HBM has become increasingly controversial, and recent studies claim to have refuted it. Here, by using data from coordinated surveys conducted throughout grasslands worldwide and comprising a wide range of site productivities, we provide evidence in support of the HBM pattern at both global and regional extents. The relationships described here provide a foundation for further research into the local, landscape, and historical factors that maintain biodiversity.

Registros posicionais de protrusão e lateralidade em resinaacrílica à partir de diferentes posições iniciais

The lateral movement presents a combination of lateral condylar and protrusive displacement on the non-working side. The objective os this study was to check the differences in the adjustment of the semiadjustable articulator starting from two different initial positions, centric relation an intercuspal position using positional records of rotusion and lateral movements in acrylic resin for the adjustment of condylar guidance as for ennett Angle. Twenty pacients dentate and assintomatic were recruited and their adjustment were performed in the semiadjustable articulator checking the differences among the studied groups, not finding statistically significant differences. Concludes that, in semiadjustable articulator adjustment, starting the montage in centric relation or intercuspal position, the results obtained for the condylar guidande and Bennett Angle aren´t statistically diferents, as well there is no difference in condylar guidance adjustment using lateral or protrusive records.