Capim-marandu e babaçu em sistema silvipastoril

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Visitantes florais de Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers: (Lythraceae)

Studies were carried out with Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. on floral reproductive systems, diversity and constancy of visiting insects at different hours of day, the behaviour of these insects at the flowers and the influence of these environmental factors in relation to their visits. The fenology, anthesis and others particularity of this vegetal species was studied. A great diversity of insects was verified visiting the flowers with the predominance of bees. The most frequent and constant species encountered were: Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Lepeletier, 1836) (40,2%), Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811) (16,9%), Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (11,8%), Plebeia droryana (Friese, 1900) (9,1 %) e Exomalopsis fulvofasciata (Smith, 1879) (8,5%). The blossoms possessis features of melittophily syndrome and diurnal anthesis. The environmental factors influence the insects foraging activity, mainly temperature, light, time of day, humidity and wind speed. The effective pollinators were the large insects like Bombus morio (Swederus, 1787), Bombus atratus (Franklin, 1913), Centris tarsata (Smith, 1874), Centris flavifrons Fabricius, 1775, Xylocopa suspecta Camargo & Moure, 1988, Xylocopa frontalis (Olivier, 1789) and Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841.

Visitantes florais de Erythrina speciosa Andr. (Leguminosae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Resistência de genótipos de batata (Solanum spp.) a Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Preferência alimentar de adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) por genótipos de batata (Solanum spp.)

Avaliou-se a preferência alimentar de adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar), pelos genótipos de batata Achat, Baronesa, Monalisa, N 140-201 e NYL 235-4. Foram realizados ensaios com e sem chance de escolha, em laboratórios e em casa de vegetação, na FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP. em dois testes utilizaram-se discos de folíolos provenientes de plantios em vaso (plantas com 40 dias); em outros seis semelhantes (exceção ao genótipo N 140-201) foram utilizados discos de folíolos provenientes de plantio de campo (plantas com 30, 50 e 70 dias). Nas placas de Petri (repetições) foram liberados dois adultos/disco. Dois outros ensaios foram efetuados em gaiolas (sem chance de escolha), no interior de casa de vegetação, com plantas com 15 e 45 dias de idade, liberando-se três e 10 adultos/planta respectivamente, avaliando-se o consumo de área foliar quatro e cinco dias após. Nos testes em laboratório com material de vaso, o genótipo NYL 235-4 (com e sem chance) foi o menos consumido (1,08 a 1,12 mg de peso seco). Com material de campo (com e sem chance), o peso de matéria fresca consumida pela praga foi menor em NYL 235-4 (médias de 26,2 e 66,1 mg) e Baronesa (30,2 e 57,9 mg). Nos ensaios em gaiolas (sem chance) também verificou-se menor consumo em NYL 235-4 (3,35 cm² e 16,70 cm²/planta). Esses resultados revelam que o genótipo NYL 235-4 apresenta resistência do tipo não-preferência para alimentação em relação a D. speciosa.

Resistência de genótipos de batata a larvas e adultos de Diabrotica speciosa

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Preferência alimentar de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) e Cerotoma sp. por genótipos de soja

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Atratividade e Consumo Foliar por Adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) em Diferentes Genótipos de Abóbora

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A comparative study of the non-isothermal degradation of natural rubber from Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) and Seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis)

Due to the increasing search for alternative sources of natural rubber (NR) whose properties are similar to Hevea brasiliesis, several sources have been studied in the past few years. Among them, Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), which is native to Amazon rainforest and other regions of Brazil, has a potential as another viable rubber source. As a continuation of a series of comparative studies between Hancornia and Hevea (clone RRIM 600) these two species by our research team, their thermal behavior was analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG) using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa's approach in order to obtain kinetic parameters (reaction order, pre-exponential factor and activation energy) of the decomposition process. Results indicated that the thermal behavior of NR from Hancornia was comparable to Hevea with some differences observed as follows: reaction order for Hancornia was higher than for Hevea at the beginning of degradation and very close for temperatures over 350 A degrees C; activation energy and pre-exponential factor had the same trend, i.e., increased with increasing degree of conversion remaining almost constant between 20 and 70% and then increasing for higher degrees, although Hevea was slightly more thermally stable than Hancornia. These major influences in the degradation process in the early stage are attributed to differences in non-rubber constituents present in these two species.

Comparative Study on the Technological Properties of Latex and Natural Rubber from Hancornia speciosa Gomes and Hevea brasiliensis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hancornia speciosa: Indications of gastroprotective, healing and anti-Helicobacter pylori actions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Seed dispersal and spatial distribution of Attalea geraensis (Arecaceae) in two remnants of Cerrado in Southeastern Brazil

The seed dispersal system of Attalea geraensis (Arecaceae), an acaulescent palm, was investigated during one year in two Cerrado fragments in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A. geraensis had inflorescences and infrutescences throughout the year. Two scatter-hoarding rodents (the spiny rat, Clyomys bishopi and agoutis, Dasyptocta azarae) were identified as seed predators/dispersers, able to move seeds up to 30 in from the palms, although most of the fruits (57.5%) were dispersed less than 2 in. The removal rates were high and after 20 days, 97.2% of the fruits were removed. Fruit fate was not related to fruit mass, length and diameter. The application of Morisita's index showed a more clumped distribution of adults in the smaller fragment, probably because of the absence of agoutis. Higher seed removal by rodents in the large Cerrado remnant may decrease seed predation by beetles. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Efeito de diferentes substratos na produção de mudas de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relação entre tricomas foliares de genótipos de feijoeiro comum, Phaseolus vulgaris L. e resistência a Diabrotica speciosa Germar, 1824 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Metabolic fingerprinting using direct flow injection electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the characterization of proanthocyanidins from the barks of Hancornia speciosa

Direct flow injection electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MS/MS) was used to investigate the polyphenolic compounds present in an infusion from the barks of Hancornia speciosa Gom. (Apocynaceae), a native Brazilian plant popularly known as 'mangabeira', used as a source of nutrition and against gastric disorders. After a simple sample filtration pretreatment the characteristic fingerprint of the infusion was performed in negative ion ESI mode in a few minutes. At low capillary-voltage activation, the deprotonated molecules ([M-H](-)) were observed and using collision-induced dissociation the product ion spectra showed the presence of a homologous series of B-type proanthocyanidins, as well as another series containing their respective C-glycosylated derivatives, with a degree of polymerization from 1 up to 6 units of interlinked catechins. Therefore, direct flow injection allowed us to identify the key compounds without preparative isolation of the components. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.