Publicações da revista odontológica de Araçatuba e sua importância na área odontológica

The Araçatuba Dental Journal was created with the purpose of disseminating scientific papers produced in universities of São Paulo state and from other localizations in Brazil. The aim of this study was to analyze and quantify the papers published in the Araçatuba Dental Journal from 2001 to 2011. Twenty two online editions were studied. A higher number of scientific studies (44,54%) was found compared to literature reviews (27,73%) and case reports (27,73%). The Araçatuba Dental School (UNESP) was the instituition that most published papers in the journal (44,12%). It can be concluded that regardless the analyzation process, the mentioned journal provides to the readers the opportunity to update their knowledge in dentistry.

Material de cama: qualidade, quantidade e efeito sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte

An experiment was conducted to evaluate performance, mortality and incidence of lesions on the breasts, hooks and foot pads of broilers raised on wood-scrap litter, rice hulls, Brachiaria hey (Brachiaria decumbens), Napier hay (Pennisetum purpureum) and Coast-cross hay (Cynodon dactylon). A randomized experimental design with five litters, two sexes, four replications and fifty birds per box was used. A standard litter height of 5 cm of wood-scraps and a weight of 20 250 g were adopted as criteria for use of other materials in the boxes. The amount of excreta deposited was 1697 g per raised bird (34,00 % of feed consumption). The incidence of lesions was evaluated in five birds per box after 35, 42 and 49 days and after slaughter. The criteria for scoring lesions were: 0 = without lesion; 1 = inflammation; 2 = mild ulceration; 3 = severe ulceration. At the end of experimental period (49 days) no differences were observed For weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed/gain ratio and mortality among treatments. The lesions of the hocks and foot pads of the birds, raised on either Coast-cross hay and Napier hay, were more severe than those on wood-scraps and Brachiaria hay. Males showed better performance than females, but their hock lesions were more severe, independent of the litter used. Based on the performance and lesions scores, it was concluded that Braquiaria hay could be used as litter in replace wood-scraps and rice bulls.

Estudo do balanço nitrogenado e da digestibilidade da matéria seca e proteína de rações, para ovinos, suplementadas com amiréia, uréia ou farelo de algodão

To evaluate the nutritional value of rations supplemented with different protein sources, an in vivo digestibility trial was conducted to determine the coefficients of digestibility for dry matter (DMDC) and crude protein (CPDC), nitrogen balance (NB) and the fecal non-protein nitrogen (NPN). Twenty - four 11-months - old lambs weighing 30.4 +/- 3.0 kg were blocked on the basis of their body weight and randomly allocated to three treatments groups; suplemented with cottonseed meal (CSM), starea (ST) or urea (UR). The DMDC was statistically superior for the Starea treatment (67.7%) over the others (64.3% and 64.1% for CSM and UR). The CSM, UR and ST rations had no influence on CPDC (63.9; 66.9 and 69.4%, respectively) and on fecal NPN (1,3; 1,2 e 1,3 g/day, respectively). The NB results were similar also among treatments (13,4; 9,0 e 10,5 g/day to CSM, UR and ST, respectively) although the ST treatment lambs excreted larger amounts of nitrogen in the urine (7.7 g/day) in relation to CSM (4.8g/day) and similar to UR treatment (6.5 g/day). Starea supplement in ruminant diets increased dry matter digestibility when compared to cottonseed meal and urea, but did not improve the efficiency of the nitrogen utilization by lambs.

Sistemas de Alimentação com Livre Escolha e Semi Livre Escolha para Poedeiras

This research was carried out to verify the ability of laying hens to select food in order to meet their requirements for protein and energy. Ninety-six Hy-Line White laying hens, 45 weeks old, were allotted to a randomized block design with two blocks (two ranges of body weight), four treatments, and three replicates of four hens in each block. The treatments consisted of four different feeding systems: I-Conventional feeding represented by a complete ration composed of 60% ground corn and 40% protein concentrate; 2-Free-choice feeding with ground corn, protein concentrate and oyster shells fed in feeders with three separate compartments; 3-Semi free-choice feeding with whole corn grain, protein concentrate and oyster shells in the same proportion in one feeder; 4-Free-choice feeding with whole corn grain, protein concentrate and oyster shells fed in feeders with three separate compartments. The results indicated that the hens, in spite of age, adapt to different feeding systems, and that they can select feed to meet their nutrient requirements. The semi free-choice and free-choice feeding systems with whole corn grain resulted in the same performance compared to conventional feeding, but shell quality was not improved by oyster shell supplementation. However, the worst performance was with free-choice feeding with ground corn, which indicated that in the free-choice feeding system the use of whole corn grain is recommended.

Digestilidade in vitro do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar hidrolisado, submetido a diferentes tempos de estocagem e de adaptação ao bovino doador de fluido ruminal

An experiment was conducted to study the in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) and gross energy (IVGED) of hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse with different storage times and two periods of adaptation of the bovine to the diet. A completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications was used. Treatments A,B,C, and D which corresponded to the times of 0, 15, 30, and 45 days of storage time period of the bagasse, respectively. Each treatment was studied at 7 and 45 after adaptation of the bovine ruminal donor to the diet. After 30 days storage, the bagasse IVDMD was inpaired for both 7 and 45 days of adaptation. Averages values of 25.8; 25.9; 23.1 and 23.3% were obtained for IVDMD with seven days of adaptation, and 25.04; 21.6; 12.5 and 11.4% with 45 days of adaptation for storage periods of 0; 15; 30 and 45 days, respectively. For IVGED, the averages obtained were 33.4; 27.8; 30.9; and 27.2% with seven days, and 30; 26.6; 20.6 and 14.5% with 45 days of adaptation for storage periods of 0, 15, 30 and 45 days, respectively.

Avaliação da composição química e física dos cortes da costela para estimar a composição química corporal de novilhos nelore

The objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate the empty body chemical composition of Nellore steers using the following indirect techniques: 1) physical composition of the 9-10-11(th) rib cut;) physical composition of the 10(th) rib cut; and 3) chemical composition of the 10(th) rib cut. Thirty-one Nellore steers with weights ranging from 245 to 489 kg and ages from 20 to 29.7 months at slaughter were utilized. The empty body chemical composition was established through samples collected after grinding all animal tissues. The equations using the percentage of dissectable fat in the 9-10-11(th) rib cut shored a high precision for estimating the percentage of water (r(2) = 0.91; Syx = 1.168) and ether extract (r(2) = 0.94; Syx = 1.298) of the empty body; the same was observed when the percentage of dissectable fat in the 10(th) rib cut was used (r(2) = 0.82 and 0.85; Syx = 1.658 and 1.942, respectively, for water and ether extract). The equations using the percentage of ether extract in the 10(th) rib cut showed a high precision for estimating the percentage of water (r(2) = 0.89; Syx = 1.311) and the ether extract (r(2) = 0.89; Syx = 1.730) of the empty body, but there was no advantage over the physical composition of the 9-10-11(th) and 10(th) rib cut. Multiple regressions using carcass weight and the percentage of bones and kilograms of lean, fat, and bones dissectable in the 10(th) rib cut improved the coefficients of determination for water and ether extract to 0.87 and 0.91. The equations to estimate the percentages of protein and ach showed a low precision, indicating that those techniques are not recommended to estimate these components in the empty body of Nellore steers.

Estádio de Desenvolvimento do Milho. 1. Efeito sobre a Produção, Composição da Planta e Qualidade da Silagem

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of maturity on the production, stalk/leaf/ear relationship, chemical composition, and quality of corn silage (Zen mays, L.). Four harvests were made from the early milk (23.49% DM) to the semi-hard dough stage. (30.70%DM). After these evaluations, the corn was ensiled in 200 liter metal drums. After six months of storage, the quality of the silages was determined. The corn dry matter production was higher at the dough and semi-hard dough stages (9866 and 9896 t/ha, respectively) than in the early milk stage (7460 t/ha). The ears with the maturity showed a increase in dry matter (20.93 to 43.51%), acid detergent fiber decrease (32.46 to 18.62%), and maintainance of the crude protein content (average = 8.27%). The stalks and leaves decreased from 33.31 to 27.18% and from 34.17 to 23.66%, respectively, while the ears increased from 32.52 to 49.16% from the early milk to the semi-hard dough stages. All experimental silages attained good quality, independent of corn development stages. The corn can be ensiled from the early milk and soft dough stages without a decrease in silage quality, but the restricting factor under those conditions was a lower dry matter content (24.35 and 28.65%, respectively).

Avaliação das Sub-Frações dos Carboidratos e das Proteínas, Usando as Metodologias do Cncps e In situ com Bovinos da Raça Nelore. 2. Milho e Farelo de Algodão

The chemical composition of corn and cottonseed meal was determined in accordance with the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) in diets with forage:concentrate ratios of 80:20 (D1) and 60:40(D2) using Nellore cattle. The potential and effective degradabilities of the carbohydrate and protein subfractions were also determined. For corn. diet 2 resulted in an increase for potentially degradable dry matter (DM). An increase was observed in the effective degradation of DM (EDDM) when lag time was not considered, however, the use of Eng time increased the EDDM for both diets, 23 and 18% for DI and D2. respectively. For cottonseed meal, diet 2 determined a reduction in the potentially degradable DM: therefore, the use of lag time increased the EDDM for bath diets, 14% for D1 and 15% for D2. The availability of corn starch (fraction B1) was lower than that determined by CNCPS. The higher values for the degradability of corn and cottonseed meal protein subfractions may indicate an underestimation by the model, and, or, could be attributed to the Zebu animals used in this study.

Estádio de Desenvolvimento do Milho. 2. Efeito sobre o Consumo e a Digestibilidade da Silagem em Ovinos

Corn plants were ensiled at the milk, milk-early dough, medium dough, and semi-hard dough stages. The intake and digestibility trials showed that: a) silage DM and NFE contents increased and ADF, cellulose, and lignin contents decreased with plant maturity; b) corn plant maturity had little effect on the digestibility of the silages, but the milk and medium dough stages produced the best results; c) no consistent effect of maturity was observed in DM and CP daily intakes (mean values 41.86 and 26.77/g/kg(75), respectively). Nevertheless, daily digestible dry matter and digestible protein intakes (g/kg(75)) were higher with medium-dough grains (31.74 and 1.97g, respectively) than with the milk (23.27 and 1.45g, respectively) and the milk-early dough stages (22.60 and 1.28g, respectively). However, similar intakes were observed with the medium-dough and semi-hard dough stages. Total digestible nutrient contents of the silages were affected little by corn plant maturity. Nevertheless, statistical differences were Found between the medium dough (70.09%) and the milk-early dough stages (63.07%).

Efeito do tipo de dieta e do sistema de alimentação na fase inicial sobre o desempenho de leitões

In this experiment, 96 piglets (Large White x Landrace) were fed simple (SD) or semi-complex (SCD) diets during the initial phase (SP), using a controlled (C) or ad libitum (AL) schedules during the first 14 days of the SP and ad libitum for the rest of SP. By the end of SP one male and one female from each pen were transferred to growing finishing pens where they were fed ad libitum diets specific to each phase. The experimental design consisted of randomized complete blocks with six replicates by treatment. Higher average daily feed intakes (ADFI) were observed during the first 14 days of the SP by pigs fed SCD. Pigs fed AL showed higher ADFI and average daily gains (ADG). No treatment differences were observed between the treatments in feed conversion (FC) or in incidence and severity of diarrhea. Considering SP as a whole, there was no effect of treatments on the variables studied. Treatments used in SF did not affect ADFI and ADG during the growing-finishing phases (GFP), although pigs fed SD showed better FC. The ADG was nor affected by treatments when the total period (SP+GFP) was considered. It can be concluded that a similar performance was obtained when SD or SCD were feci during the initial phase. independently of the feeding system.

Níveis de proteína digestível e energia digestível em dietas para tilápias-do-nilo formuladas com base no conceito de proteína ideal

This study was carried out to determine the best digestible energy and digestible protein ratio in feeds for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles 30.0 +/- 4.21 g) based on digestible amino acids and the ideal protein concept). Twelve rations were formulated with protein levels 22.0; 26.0; 30.0 and 34.0% of digestible protein and levels 3,000, 3,300 and 3,600 kcal/kg digestible energy. The digestible energy/digestible protein ratio was between 8.94 and 15.19 kcal/g. Three hundred and twenty four tilapias were randomly distributed in thirty six 250 L circular tanks at a density of 9 fish/tank, a total of 12 treatments with three replications. After 60 days, there was no significant difference in weight gain, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio among the studied treatments. A linear increase was observed in fillet yield with increasing digestible protein. With respect to feed cost/kg weight gain, the treatment with 30.0% DP and 3,000 kcal/kg DE presented low cost and better cost effectiveness index. Therefore, it was concluded that digestible energy did not influence the productive performance parameters and that effective feeds can be formulated with DP levels lower than 34% when feeding juvenile tilapias. The ration should be formulated based on the concept of ideal protein.

Efeitos nutricionais da substituição parcial do farelo de soja por uréia, em dieta de ovinos. Comparação da digestibilidade aparente e balanço de nitrogênio com a cinética do metabolismo da 15N-glicina

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação do triticale (X triticosecale wittimack) para silagem

Silages from three cultivars of triticale (X Triticosecale wittimack) were evaluated at the UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil. The cultivars FCA VJ-CB-01, FCA VJ-CB-02, and FCA VJ-CB-03 were harvested for silage in three growing stages of maturity; beginning of flowering, (S1), milk stage (S2), and dough stages (S3). Data were analyzed by randomized complete block with three replications. The DM (%) values increased while the CP (%DM) and buffering capacity (me HCl/100 g DM) decreased with plant development. Silages of plants harvested at S3 stage had higher pH and N-NH3 values compared to the S1 and S2 silages. The soluble carbohydrates contents (%DM) were higher at the S2 stage (16.9%) and were not different at the S1 (8.7%) and S3 (9.2%) stages. The crude energy contents (Kcal/kg MS) increased while the ADF, NDF, cellulose, and hemicellulose (DM%) decreased due to the presence of dough grains. This was not observed with the lignin contents. The IVDMD values were 66.3, 60.1 and 58.9%, for plants harvested at the S1, S2, and S3 stages, respectively. The results showed that there was no difference among for chemical composition, crude energy, and for IVDMD.

Valor nutricional da soja integral tostada e extrusada para poedeiras comerciais

An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy (AMEn) values and the coefficients' metabolization of the: dry matter, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus availabilities of experimental layer diets containing toasted (TSB) and extruded (ESB) soybeans. The soybean meal (SBM) was substituted at 0, 50, and 100% by TSB and ESB whole soybeans. The whole soybeans utilization in layer diets did not adversely affect calcium and phosphorus availability. The SBM and ESB, in diets with crude protein at 17%, showed the best ether extract coefficients of metabolization. When TSB replaced all SBM in the diets, it was observed the worst value for AMEn.

Concentração, proporção molar e taxa de produção de ácidos graxos voláteis (AGV) no rúmen de bovinos alimentados com diferentes níveis de concentrado na dieta

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)