Método para avaliação de risco ambiental de acidentes de trânsito envolvendo produtos perigosos usando análise multicritério

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise de decisão multicritério na localização de usinas termoelétricas utilizando SIG

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Geoprocessamento na análise da vulnerabilidade ambiental desencadeada pela monocultura de cana-de-açúcar na bacia do distrito Santa Olímpia (Piracicaba/SP)

Sugar cane production is of the utmost importance to the economy of the entire Brazil, due to its multiple utility, being used as the raw material for the manufacture of various items, particularly, sugar and alcohol. In areas of sugarcane monoculture, the appropriate management of soils and water is essential, not only for the maintenance of the quality of the environment, but also for the quality of life of the population. Among the main impacts generated by the cultivation of sugar cane, stands out the withdrawal of the riparian forest, which is essential to the balance and maintenance of the ecosystem. Before that, the present work aimed at mapping the environmentally vulnerable areas in the basin of a tributary of the Corumbataí river, located in the district Santa Olímpia, in the city of Piracicaba-SP. For the purpose, techniques were used in Geoprocessing, aiming to produce thematic maps of Slope, for the Use and Occupation of Land, of Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), Soil and Geological of the basin of interest. From these mappings, the analysis was performed multi-criteria, which resulted in the Map of Environmental Vulnerability. This mapping environmental assessment of the study area, indicating proposals of practices for the management and conservation of soil and water resources, for the purpose of improving the environmental quality of the analyzed area. In this way, the research of this nature, may help in the decision-making on the part of the governmental bodies as well as civil society

Zoneamento ambietal da APA Corumbataí (SP) de acordo com critérios de vulnerabilidade ambiental

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

AVALIAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DA APA CORUMBATAI SEGUNDO CRITÉRIOS DE ERODIBILIDADE DO SOLO E COBERTURA VEGETAL

O objetivo do presente foi avaliar a Vulnerabilidade Ambiental da APA Corumbataí, segundo uma análise multicritério, em ambiente SIG, visando o ordenamento do uso e cobertura vegetal. Os fatores definidos foram: distância dos recursos hídricos, erodibilidade do solo, declividade, geologia, geomorfologia e cobertura vegetal. Segundo a influência que cada um dos fatores apresenta no processo de avaliação da vulnerabilidade, eles foram ponderados por meio do interpolador Media Ponderada, no SIG. Esse procedimento culminou em duas propostas de mapas de Vulnerabilidades Ambiental: tendo como fator determinante a cobertura vegetal, no primeiro caso, e a erodibilidade do solo, no segundo. A avaliação comparativa dos dois modelos evidenciou situações bastante homogêneas, embora a ponderação tenda a uma análise subjetiva. Em ambas as propostas, a ocorrência das classes se apresentou na seguinte ordem, de maior a menor freqüência: Alta, Média, Muito Alta e Baixa vulnerabilidade; a classe Muito Baixa foi inexpressiva. A segunda proposta apresentou valores mais representativos das classes alta e muito alta, e por ser uma propriedade intrínseca dos solos e estática quando comparada com a dinâmica de uso e cobertura vegetal, entende-se como a melhor opção quanto a escolha dos modelos trabalhados para a área estudada. Palavras-chave: Vulnerabilidade Ambiental, APA Corumbataí, SIG, Análise Multicritério.

Avaliação da Suscetibilidade a Movimentos de Massa no Município de Várzea Paulista (SP) Utilizando os Sistemas de Informação Geográfica

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e mapear áreas suscetíveis a movimentos de massa, por meio das geotecnologias, no município de Várzea Paulista (SP). Para o propósito, foram utilizados os mapas de declividade, geológico, geomorfológico e de uso e ocupação da terra, que foram sobrepostos por meio da Análise Multicritério no SIG ArcGIS. Cada tema recebeu seu peso de influência para deflagração de tais processos e como resultado final foi obtido o mapa de suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa do município em questão. Paralelamente foi elaborado o estudo da orientação de vertentes, para determinação daquelas que apresentam maiores riscos em comparação com os dados coletados em campo. Constatou-se que existem muitas áreas ocupadas dentro do município que carecem de monitoramento do Poder Público, principalmente nos meses chuvosos, pois se encontram em locais frágeis do ponto de vista geológico-geomorfológico.

Geotecnologias na avaliação da suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa no município de Várzea Paulista (SP)

The disordered occupation in several cities in Brazil, is very common, especially during the rainy season, there are numerous cases of gravitational mass movements, with deads of human and builds destruction. The main objective of this work was to identify and map areas to mass movements, through the geo, the municipality of Várzea Paulista, the state of Sao Paulo. For the purpose, were prepared thematic maps of slope, geology, pedology, geomorphology and land use and occupation, which were overlaid using ArcGIS GIS Multicriteria Analysis. Each subject received a weight of influence to the outbreak of such processes and the final result was obtained map of susceptibility to mass movements of the city of Várzea Paulista. This survey found that there are many occupied areas within the city that require monitoring of the Government, especially in the rainy months, because they are in very fragile in terms of geological and geomorphological features. Considering that the data on the physical and natural aspects are scarce in the literature for this region, the results obtained in this study as well as the gathering of information of the physical and cartographic products developed, will greatly contribute to the administration of the municipality, subsidies they provide for the proper use planning and land tenure, pointing out the weak areas of the city geotechnical point of view

Seleção de áreas potenciais para implantação da zona de processamento e exportação de Fernandópolis - SP utilizando geotecnologia

The implementation of an Export and Processing Zone (ZEPs) brings several benefits to the local, state and federal economy, but often, only socioeconomic factors are considered, apart from several other factors that should be analyzed, such as the environment. In this context of industrialization and the struggle for sustainable development, this work propose to incorporate the environmental variable in the decision process for establishing industrial areas, in particular, the ZPE in the city of Fernandópolis, São Paulo state, Brazil, by examining several physical and environmental factors such as slope intervals, geological features, pedological factors and land use. Developed using a multicriteria analysis, a model has been elaborated, where these factors have received a proportional value according with their importance, supported by a GIS tool (Geographical Information System) and remote sensing products, such as images from CBERS satellite and SRTM radar, showing the suited areas for industrial activities, considering environmental conditions. This model may assist to take better decision about the ZPE implementation area and to reduce the negative environmental impacts that would result of poorly planned locations

Auxílio do geoprocessamento para a geração do mapa de suscetibilidade à erosão: o caso do córrego Mandu, Rio Claro/SP

The mining of sand, currently, is essential for urban growth, by providing input for the building industry. The consequences of this mining activity to environmental triggers may be severe and irreversible. Among the major impacts caused by sand mining the riparian vegetation removal is detached. The riparian vegetation is essential for balance and maintaining the local ecosystem. For all that had been shown, is possible to verify the importance of environmental studies in areas wich there are mining. This study aimed specially to assess environmental impacts triggered by a mining, located near the headwaters of the stream Mandu, situated in Ajapi, District of Rio Claro-SP. For this purpose, we used remote sensing techniques and GIS to produce thematic maps of slope, pedology, geology, land use and occupation of the soil, and riparian vegetation, using the capabilities of GIS / ArcGIS. The slope map was based on data from the Cartographic IGC 1979, scale 1:10,000. For the production of pedological and geological maps were used Semi-Detailed soil survey of the state of São Paulo, 1981 (1:100,000) and the Geological Map of Zaine (1994), scale 1:50,000, respectively. Since the maps of Use and Land Occupation and Riparian Forest were obtained by visual interpretation of the image of CBERS 2010 following the merger between the HRC and CCD images. From these mappings, and through multi-criteria analysis, map of susceptibility to erosion was made, which supported the environmental assessment of the studied area, indicating susceptible and unsuitable areas for the deployment of economic activities and urban sprawl. This study serves as a model can be replicated in other watersheds, assisting in the proper use planning and land use, aiming at the rational use of natural resources

Qualidade ambiental dos fragmentos florestais na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Jundiaí-Mirim entre 1972 e 2013

The location of Jundiai-Mirim river basin, close to large urban centers and industrial parks, has contributed to the appreciation of their lands. Consequently, the region has an intense process of urbanization that resulted in an increasing environmental disturbance in the forest areas. Given the need to preserve existing natural vegetation, because the watershed is the source of water used to supply Jundiai, SP, this study evaluated changes in the environmental quality of the watershed forest fragments between 1972 and 2013. The environment quality was determined by evaluating nine indicators of environmental disturbance, obtained by techniques of Geoprocessing and integrated by Multicriteria Analysis. The results showed a constant tendency of deteriorating the environmental quality of natural vegetation between 1972 and 2013, attributed to the intense process of occupation of the watershed. It is concluded that: (a) urbanization and deforestation of natural vegetation were primarily responsible for changes in environmental quality; (b) there is a need to create public policies to preserve the natural vegetation in the watershed.

Indicadores morfométricos: uma ferramenta no diagnóstico da vulnerabilidade ambiental

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV