Fisioecologia de sementes de Miconia chartacea (Melastomataceae) ocorrente em uma reserva de Cerrado, no município de Corumbataí (SP)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Distancia entre plantas y dosis de nitrógeno y potasio en sandía sin semillas fertirrigada

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de dosis de N y K2O, vía fertirrigación por goteo, y de la distancia entre plantas sobre la productividad del híbrido Shadow de sandía sin semillas. El experimento se realizó de agosto a octubre de 2008 en el Município de Tupã, SP, Brazil. Se avaluaran cuatro dosis de N + K2O (79,8 + 106,7, 106,4 + 142,2, 133,0 + 177,7, y 159,6 + 213,2 kg ha-1, respectivamente), y cuatro distancias entre plantas (0,5, 1,0, 1,5 y 2,0 m), en hileras espaciadas de 2,0 m. Se utilizó el diseño experimental de bloques al azar, en parcelas subdivididas, con tres repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron: concentración foliar de N y K, peso medio de frutos, número de frutos y productividad total y comercial; y número de frutos en las clases de 3 a 5, 5 a 7, 7 a 9 kg y con más de 9 kg, por planta y por hectárea. Hubo efecto del factor dosis de N + K2O sobre la concentración foliar de K, y la productividad total y comercial de la sandía híbrido Shadow disminuyó linealmente con el aumento de la distancia entre plantas. Sin embargo, no hubo efecto significativo de la interacción ni efecto individual de los factores sobre las otras variables avaliadas.

Efecto Insecticida del Extracto de Semillas de Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) sobre Collaria scenica Stal (Hemiptera: Miridae)

This work was developed with the objetive to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seeds against grass bug nymphs Collaria scenica Stal. For that, an extract was prepared from green fruits of Neem by rotaevaporacion. The extract was diluted in three ppm concentrations corresponding to treatments. Using thin-layer chromatography we identified the presence of Azaridactina. DCA essay was carried out with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions that included the three extract concentrations and a control. In each repetition were used 15 nymphs, randomly placed in plastic boxes with food and the corresponding concentration. Every day an extract application was made and recorded mortality percentage, number of exuviae and number of individuals who came to adulthood in each treatment. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Games-Howell for each variable. The three concentrations of Neem seed extract had a negative effect on the development of the bugs. The more concentrated treatment (250 ppm) was the most effective, showing a 97% mortality, fewer exuvias and and fewer adults in the end of the experiment.

Actividad antioxidante y perfil de ácidos grasos de las semillas de jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg)

Numerous natural compounds found in fruits, grains and vegetables have antioxidant activity. This work aimed to characterize jabuticaba seeds (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg) by proximate composition, antioxidant activity and fatty acids profile of their extracted oil. To obtain the extract, the dehydrated and triturated seeds were extracted with ethyl alcohol for 30 min, at a proportion of 1:3 of seeds:ethyl alcohol, under continuous agitation, at room temperature. Afterwards, the mixture was filtered and the supernatant dehydrated at 40 °C aiming to determine, by direct weighing, the extract's dry matter yield. According to the results, the jabuticaba seeds are an important source of total carbohydrates, and also presented relevant antioxidant activity. In the jabuticaba seeds oil, a significant percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids stood out, with linoleic and α-linolenic being the main component, essentials fatty acids.

Germinación de semillas después del fuego: Un estudio con una planta que habita áreas no propensas al fuego

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influencia de la deshidratación osmótica y de la adición de cloruro de calcio en la conservación de kivis minimamente procesados

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito combinado da desidratação osmótica e a influência do cloreto de cálcio em rodelas de kiwi submetidas ao processamento mínimo. Amostras com e sem desidratação osmótica foram armazenadas a 5 °C em embalagem PET. A adição do cloreto de cálcio foi realizada durante a desidratação osmótica. Foram avaliados a perda de peso, acidez, sólidos solúveis, pH, umidade, coliformes, fungos e leveduras nas amostras até 15 dias de armazenamento. A avaliação microbiológica e sensorial definiu a vida de prateleira do produto. Os resultados mostraram que o pré-tratamento osmótico com adição de cloreto de cálcio aumentou a vida útil em até 15 dias, enquanto as rodelas tratadas por osmodesidratação, sem a adição do sal apresentaram vida útil de 12 dias. Sensorialmente, os consumidores preferiram as rodelas de kiwi processadas com pré-tratamento osmótico e adição de cloreto de cálcio.

Influencia de la deshidratación osmótica y de la adición de cloruro de calcio en la conservación de kivis minimamente procesados

Este trabajo tubo como objetivo estudiar el efecto combinado de la deshidratación osmótica y la influencia del cloruro de calcio en rodajas de kivi sometidos al proceso mínimo. Muestras con y sin deshidratación osmótica fueron almacenadas a 5 °C en embalajes PET. La adición de cloruro de calcio fue realizada durante la deshidratación osmótica. Se evaluaron la pérdida de peso, acidez, sólidos solubles, pH, humedad, coliformes, hongos y levaduras en las muestras hasta 15 días de almacenamiento. La deshidratación osmótica consistió en la inmersión de las rodajas de kivi en solución de sacarosa a 60% y en solución de sacarosa (60%) con adición de cloruro de calcio (0,1 M), ambos tratamientos se realizaron a temperatura ambiente (25 °C) por 24 horas y relación fruta:solución de 1:5. Los resultados mostraron que el pré-tratamiento osmótico con adición de cloruro de calcio aumentó la vida útil hasta 15 días, en cuanto las rodajas tratadas por osmodeshidratación sin adición de sal presentaron vida útil de 12 días. Sensorialmente, los consumidores prefirieron las rodajas de kivi procesadas con pré-tratamiento osmótico y adición de cloruro de calcio.

Épocas de la aplicación de desecantes en el cultivo de la soja: tenor de agua y productividad

Los herbicidas glifosato y paraquat son utilizados por los productores de soja con el objetivo de desecar las plantas, anticipar y uniformizar la cosecha. Sin embargo, el uso indiscriminado de herbicidas puede causar problemas eventualmente en las características agronómicas y fisiológicas del cultivo. El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo evaluar la utilización de los herbicidas glifosato y paraquat como desecantes para el cultivo de la soja. El experimento fue llevado a cabo en el año agrícola 2005/06, en un delineamiento experimental de bloques al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron dispuestos en dos esquemas factoriales, 3x3x5x2 y 3x2x5x2: dos desecantes (glifosato y paraquat) y un testigo (sin desecación), aplicación de los desecantes en tres y dos estadios fenológicos de las plantas (R6, R7 y R8) y (R7 y R8), para las variedades MSOY 6101 de ciclo superprecoz, y MG/BR 46 (Conquista) de ciclo precoz, respectivamente, cinco épocas de muestreo (2; 4; 6; 8 y 10 días después de la aplicación) y evaluación en dos posiciones en la planta (ápice y base). Fue evaluada la producción de semillas, masa y tenor de agua de 100 semillas. Los desecantes evaluados fueron eficientes en la reducción del tenor de agua de las semillas, sin afectar la productividad y la masa de 100 semillas.

Genetic diversity in Egeria densa and E. najas in Jupia Reservoir, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Phylogenetic relationship between species of genus Cattleya as a function of crossing compatibility

The applicability of the gradcd fertility method in the study of the phylogenctic distance of orchids was investigated with emphasis on the production of F1 hybrid secds with cmbryos. Specics of the genus Cattleya, subgenera Monophyllae, Aurantiacae and Cattleya wece used and the results compared with those obtained with morphological and chemical methods.

Morphological and anatomical studies of the seeds and seedlings of Eucalyptus pilularis and E. umbra

Morphological and anatomical aspects of seeds and seedlings of Eucalyptus pilularis Sm. and E. umbra R.T. Baker were studied in detail and fovnd to be similar, wlth the exception of sorne anatomical features of the testa and the average length of the fertile seeds, which is significantly different for the two species.

Fungi associated with Acromyrmex and basal Attini ants from Argentina and Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Indicadores de produção científica na concepção teórica da indexação: uma análise bibliométrica do periódico The Indexer

In the context of university libraries, optimization services, streamlining processes and consistency of processing and organization of informational content are strongly influenced by the indexing policy adopted by the information system. This discussion has proposed to perform a theoretical and methodological research on the subject cataloging in order to contribute to the definition of indexing policy elements in medical university library. To achieve our objective, we applied three instruments: Organizational Culture, Individual Verbal Protocol and Evaluation of Indexing. Considers the importance of developing an indexing policy for improvements in processes and services offered by university libraries, as well as the retrieval.

Contradições na construção dos territórios camponeses no Centro-Sul paranaense: territorialidades do agronegócio, subordinação e resistências

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Capacitação de produtores rurais para a melhoria da qualidade do leite cru produzido na região de Araçatuba - SP

This paper reports the results of an extension project carried out at Unesp/Veterinary Medicine course in Araçatuba city with milk farmers of the region. The aim of the project was to supply information to farmers concerning to good quality milk production and, at the same time, to follow up the evolution of milk quality parameters, according to the current Brazilian legislation. Every 45 days, approximately, lectures were presented to milk farmers in Araçatuba city region, approaching chemical and microbiological composition of milk, prevention and detection of mastitis, hygiene proceedings in milking and conservation of milk, cleaning and sanitization operations of facilities and equipments and prevention of adulteration. During the intervals between lectures, milk samples were collected from collective milk cooling tanks and analyzed for microbiological, hygienic and physicochemical tests. The main inadequacies in milk quality were high total bacteria and somatic cells counts, low solids contents and water addition. These problems did not proceed to betterment during the project time. So, it was concluded that the time for instruction of farmers was not enough for a progress in the quality of the milk produced in the region, pointing out the need in continuing this kind of work.