Using geostatistical analysis to evaluate the presence of Rotylenchulus reniformis in cotton crops in Brazil: Economic implications

In recent years, the productivity of cotton in Brazil has been progressively decreasing, often the result of the reniform nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis. This species call reduce crop productivity by up to 40%. Nematodes can be controlled by nematicides but, because of expense and toxicity, application of nematicides to large crop areas may be undesirable. In this Work. a methodology using geostatistics for quantifying the risk of nematicide application to small crop areas is proposed. This risk, in economic terms, can be compared to nematicide cost to develop an optimal strategy for Precision Farming, Soil (300 cm(3)) was sampled in a regular network from a R. reniformis-infested area that was a cotton monoculture for 20 years. The number of nematodes in each sample was counted. The nematode number per volume of soil was characterized using geostatistics, and 100 conditional simulations were conducted. Based on the simulations, risk maps were plotted showing the areas where nematicide should be applied in a Precision Farming context. The methodology developed can be applied to farming in countries that ale highly dependent on agriculture, with useful economic implications.

The effect of oestrogen and alendronate therapies on postmenopausal bone loss around osseointegrated titanium implants

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sedative and antinociceptive effects of romifidine and xylazine in Thoroughbred mares

Compararam-se os efeitos sedativos e antinociceptivos da romifidina (0,1mg/kg) e da xilazina (1,0mg/kg) em éguas da raça Puro Sangue Inglês. A sedação foi quantificada por meio da atividade locomotora espontânea (ALE) e altura da cabeça (AC) em baias individuais automatizadas para o estudo do comportamento. A antinocicepção foi avaliada utilizando uma lâmpada de irradiação de calor registrando-se a latência para o reflexo de retirada do membro (LRRM) e a latência para o reflexo do frêmito cutâneo (LRFC), em delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com 10 repetições. O efeito sedativo sobre a ALE foi de aparecimento mais rápido no grupo exposto à xilazina, ao passo que a ptose da cabeça foi mais prolongada no grupo que recebeu romifidina. A romifidina promoveu aumento da LRRM e LRFC e a xilazina não causou efeito antinociceptivo medido pela LRFC. O efeito antinociceptivo da romifidina foi mais pronunciado que o da xilazina.

Comparative study of digestive cells in different midgut regions of stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae)

Ultrastructure of the digestive cells was analyzed in three midgut regions (anterior, middle and posterior) of stingless bees. Variations occurs in the presence of lipid inclusions in the cells from posterior midgut and presence of double-membraned vesicles associated to microvilli in the anterior midgut. However, basal plasmic membrane infoldings and augmentation of surface area achieved by microvilli ale very similar in all midgut regions. These results not supported the existence of fluid fluxes in the ectoperitrophic space and suggest that digestive cells in stingless bees are polifunctional, that is, there is not midgut region specialized in secretion ol absorption as observed in other insects.

Effect of 17 beta-estradiol and alendronate on the removal torque of osseointegrated titanium implants in ovariectomized rats

Background: This study investigated the influence of estrogen deficiency and its treatment with estrogen and alendronate on the removal torque of osseointegrated titanium implants.Methods: Fifty-eight female Wistar rats received a titanium implant in the tibia metaphysis. After 60 days, which was needed for implant osseointegration, the animals were randomly divided into five groups: control (CTLE; N = 10), sham surgery (SHAM; N = 12), ovariectomy (OVX; N = 12), ovariectomy followed by hormone replacement (EST; N = 12), and ovariectomy followed by treatment with alendronate (ALE; N = 12). The CTLE group was sacrificed to confirm osseointegration, whereas the remaining groups were submitted to sham surgery or ovariectomy according to their designations. After 90 days, these animals were also sacrificed. Densitometry of femur and lumbar vertebrae was performed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to confirm systemic impairment of the animals. All implants were subjected to removal torque.Results: Densitometric analysis of the femur and lumbar vertebrae confirmed a systemic impairment of the animals, disclosing lower values of bone mineral density for OVX. Analysis of the removal torque of the implants showed statistically lower values (P <0.05) for the OVX group in relation to the other groups. However, the group treated with alendronate (ALE group) presented significantly higher torque values compared to the others.Conclusion: According to this study, estrogen deficiency was observed to have a negative influence on the removal torque of osseointegrated implants, whereas treatment with alendronate

Effect of sugar catabolite repression in correlation with the structural complexity of the nitrogen source on yeast growth and fermentation

Biomass and ethanol production by industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were strongly affected by the structural complexity of the nitrogen source during fermentation in media containing galactose, and supplemented with a nitrogen source varying from a single ammonium salt (ammonium sulfate) to free amino acids (casamino acids) and peptides (peptone). Diauxie was observed at low galactose concentrations independent of nitrogen supplementation. At high sugar concentrations altered patterns of galactose utilisation were observed. Biomass accumulation and ethanol production depended on the nature of the nitrogen source and were different for baking and brewing ale and lager strains. Baking yeast showed improved galactose fermentation performance in the medium supplemented with casamino acids. High biomass production was observed with peptone and casamino acids for the ale brewing strain, however high ethanol production was observed only in the presence of casamino acids. Conversely, peptone was the nitrogen supplement that induced higher biomass and ethanol production for the lager brewing strain. Ammonium salts always induced poor yeast performance. The results with galactose differed from those obtained with glucose and maltose which indicated that supplementation with a nitrogen source in the peptide form (peptone) was more positive for yeast metabolism, suggesting that sugar catabolite repression has a central role in yeast performance in a medium containing nitrogen sources with differing levels of structural complexity.

Structural complexity of the nitrogen source and influence on yeast growth and fermentation

The structural complexity of the nitrogen source strongly affects both biomass and ethanol production by industrial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, during fermentation in media containing glucose or maltose, and supplemented with a nitrogen source varying from a single ammonium salt (ammonium sulfate) to free amino acids (casamino acids) and peptides (peptone). Diauxie was observed at low glucose and maltose concentrations independent of nitrogen supplementation. At high sugar concentrations diauxie was not easily observed. and growth and ethanol production depended on the nature of the nitrogen source. This was different for baking and brewing ale and lager yeast strains. Sugar concentration had a strong effect on the shift from oxido-fermentative to oxidative metabolism. At low sugar concentrations, biomass production was similar under both peptone and casamino acid supplementation. Under casamino acid supplementation, the time for metabolic shift increased with the glucose concentration, together with a decrease in the biomass production. This drastic effect on glucose fermentation resulted in the extinction of the second growth phase, probably due to the loss of cell viability. Ammonium salts always induced poor yeast performance. In general, supplementation with a nitrogen source in the peptide form (peptone) was more positive for yeast metabolism, inducing higher biomass and ethanol production, and preserving yeast viability, in both glucose and maltose media, for baking and brewing ale and lager yeast strains. Determination of amino acid utilization showed that most free and peptide amino acids present, in peptone and casamino acids, were utilized by the yeast, suggesting that the results described in this work were not due to a nutritional status induced by nitrogen limitation.

Análise histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica do processo de reparo alveolar de ratas ovariectomizadas com dieta pobre em cálcio e submetidas à terapia com raloxifeno ou com alendronato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos do tramadol isolado ou associado à xilazina em equinos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Escrita e diálogo: heterogeneidade no gênero prova discursiva de língua portuguesa do vestibular da UFG

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo histológico de intestino delgado de camundongos colonizados por cepas de Escherichia coli enteropatogenicas de origem bovina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da influência da osteoporose induzida em ratas, e seu tratamento com alendronato e estrógeno, sobre o tecido ósseo ao redor de implantes

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

O mar e as viagens: épico e romance antigo em Galáxias, de Haroldo de Campos

The aim of this paper is to discuss the presence of epic and ancient romance as construction’s mechanism of the poem Galáxias by Haroldo de Campos, whose work was, all of the time, dedicated to both: innovation in poetry forms and rescue of tradition. It is quite important to investigate how epic and ancient narrative elements contribute to the meaning construction of poem Galaxias, written by Campos during thirteen years. This investigation appears to be very challenging because seems to be an opportunity to think about post-modern and post-antique, at the same time, making both instances dialogue. Galáxias seems to be exemplary to show this dialogue between present and past: it is a sea voyage book and a book as sea voyage, not only because the epic and ancient narrative have strong presence in the poem, but also because the poem central theme is the sea voyages – and the book.

Avaliação do reparo ósseo na interface osso/implante em ratas com osteoporose induzida tratadas com raloxifeno ou alendronato: análise histométrica, imunoistoquímica, por epifluorescência e biomecânica

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA