34 resultados para AGRICULTURA – ASPECTO ECONÓMICO
em Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA
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This monograph object of analysis is the agriculture modernization in Brazil between 1960 and 1980, highlighting the discussion of the economic and politic ideas around the Brazilian agrarian question. The first parte presents an introduction about this issue and the theoretical positions, as well as social and economic implications for the development of the productive forces on rural areas. Nevertheless, reflections of its development to the economy as a whole, highlighting the way the income distribution and concentration was realized. On the second part its presented the agriculture modernization Project on the centralized militar government point of view, by the propositions of that time Agriculture Minister, Antônio Delfim Netto. The approach is made through the proposals precreeded by the Rural Worker Statute and the Land Statute, before the Military Coup, with its news counterpoints settled in law by the Agriculture Modernization Project installed in 1964; the concessions of funding grants and subsidized credits; the relationship between the authoritarian State and the militarization of the land conflicts. The third part deals with the salary dinamics, income and profit on the modernized rural economy created by the agroindustrial productions system. Lastly the conclusion cross the economic and social results of the agrarian question evolution, to the Brazilian agriculture modernization on income distribution
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Introduces technical, economic and environmentally competitive solutions in the energy market is a great challenge for society. This work examines each of these aspects considering the production of electrolytic hydrogen with energy from wind power, solar and hydropower, in order to ensure an overview of this energy carrier. Initially, an assessment of the technical aspects is made addressing existing electrolysers technologies, its main characteristics and differences. The geographical distribution of wind, solar and hydroelectric potential in Brazil is also mapped, and a configuration scheme of a hydrogen production system is discussed. Subsequently, the economic analysis calculates the cost of investment in the alkaline electrolyser of 60 Nm³ / h, similar to the Brazilian bus powered by hydrogen project, coordinated by EMTU. Since the main input of electrolysis is electricity, is analyzed the latest energy auctions of each primary source and it is calculated the cost of production of the wind, solar and hydropower hydrogen. Postponed to this, are investigated the intrinsic environmental impacts of electricity generation process, proposing a readjustment of an indicator of ecological efficiency for the production of hydrogen. Finally, the work discusses the concept of externalities and demonstrates how the incorporation of external costs can leverage the hydrogen economy. In short, it is evident that the wind and hydroelectric hydrogens are more promising compared to solar hydrogen, whether in the economic aspect, because it achieved lower costs, whether in the environmental aspect, because it reached the highest ecological efficiency
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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The last decades witnessed the revitalization of the debate around family farming with the addition of discussions regarding the multiple functions of agriculture, given the fact that rural areas are longer devoted exclusively to agricultural activities. In the Brazilian context, we believed that this debate must be permeated by analyses of how differentiated processes of land distribution and economic development, and the resulting types of agriculture, generate specific ruralities with characteristics such as, in the case of family farming, the maintenance of social and work practices marked by the relations among relatives and neighbours. It is in this light that this research analyses family agriculture in a rural area of Ouro Fino-MG, its historical heritage, and its participation in the creation of a physical and human landscape that greatly contributes to the attractiveness of the region.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, no sistema integração agricultura-pecuária, a possibilidade de utilizar uma cultura para pastejo cujos resíduos permitam produção de palha suficiente para a manutenção do plantio direto, bem como avaliar a produção da forrageira e do resíduo em diferentes distâncias em relação ao centro do pivô, em três épocas, e o desempenho econômico do sistema. Avaliaram-se o impacto do pastejo rotacionado de sorgo forrageiro em plantio direto, sob irrigação em um pivô central de 75 ha, sobre a produção de matéria seca do sorgo forrageiro, a quantidade de resíduos, o custo de produção e o ganho de peso animal. O ensaio foi conduzido num Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas, com quatro tratamentos principais: locais de amostragem em diferentes distâncias em relação ao centro do pivô; três tratamentos secundários (ciclos de pastejos) e sete repetições (sete piquetes de 9,37 ha para pastejo, dispostos na forma de pizza). Os resultados permitiram concluir que: a produção do sorgo forrageiro foi suficiente para permitir um ganho 621 kg ha-1 de peso vivo e a quantidade de resíduos de sorgo após o pastejo foi suficiente para suprir o aporte anual de matéria seca de palha necessária para a manutenção do plantio direto; a área, após os pastejos, continuou passível de ser explorada no sistema de plantio direto, e o sistema pesquisado mostrou-se técnica e economicamente viável.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA