Digestion of feed fractions and intake of heifers fed hydrolyzed sugarcane stored for different periods

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Synthesis, structure and redox properties of an unexpected trinuclear copper(II) complex with aspartame: [Cu(apm)(2)Cu(mu-N,O : O '-apm)(2)(H2O)Cu(apm)(2)(H2O)]center dot 5H(2)O

Structural, magnetic and spectroscopic data of a new trinuclear copper(II) complex with the ligand aspartame (apm) are described. [Cu(apm)(2)CU(mu-N,O:O'-apm)(2)(H2O)Cu(apm)(2)(H2O)]-5H(2)O crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 (#1) with a = 7.3300(1) angstrom, b = 15.6840(1) angstrom, c = 21.5280(1) angstrom, alpha = 93.02(1)degrees, beta = 93.21 (1)degrees, gamma = 92.66(1)degrees and Z = 1. Aspartame coordinates to Cu(II) through the carboxylate and beta-amino groups. The carboxylate groups of the two central ligands act as bidentate bridges in a syn-anti conformation while the carboxylate groups of the four peripheral ligands are monodentate in a syn conformation. The central copper ion is in a distorted square pyramidal geometry with the apical position being occupied by one oxygen atom of the water molecule. The two terminal copper(II) atoms are coordinated to the ligands in the same position but their coordination sphere differs from each other due to the fact that one copper atom has a water molecule in an apical position leading to an octahedral coordination sphere while the other copper atom is exclusively coordinated to aspartame ligands forming a distorted square pyramidal coordination sphere. Thermal analysis is consistent with the X-ray structure. EPR spectra and CV curves indicate a rupture of the trinuclear framework when this complex is dissolved in ethanol or DMF, forming a mononuclear species, with a tetragonal structure. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

LaNiO3 nanotubes produced using a template-assisted method

We have studied the experimental conditions needed to produce LaNiO3 (LNO) nanostructures using a template-assisted method. In this route, a mesoporous anodic aluminum oxide template was filled with a chemical solution that had been prepared with polymeric precursors route. The precursor solutions and synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). The XRD results for the samples that were heat-treated at 700 degrees C revealed that these samples crystallize in a perovskite-like LaNiO3 structure. HRSEM images revealed that the samples prepared with different deposition times (0.5, 1 and 2 h) promoted the formation of LaNiO3 nanotubes with different wall thicknesses.

Maternal-calf relationships and their influence on calves up to 120 days

Objectives. To research parental behavior and measure the weight of Nelore and Guzerat calves up to 120 days of age, collecting data from birth up to the first lactation. Materials and methods. Seven different corporal positions were considered to obtain specific data for each of the following categories: time to stand (TP), time to intend to feed after standing (TPTM), weight at birth (PN), weight at 120 days (P120), and time in contact with the calf (TCC). Additionally, independent variables were also evaluated, organized by class: weight at birth (CPN), number of calvings (CNP), order of calving in relation with the herd (CLPR), time of calving (CHP), and finally, hindering to feed (CTAT). Results. There was a significant result in favor of the Nelore race over the Guzerat race. The statistical averages for Nelore and Guzerat were: Time to stand averaged 71 and 153 minutes; time to intend to feed after standing, 39 minutes for Nelore and of 114 minutes for Guzerat. For variable weight at 120 days, Nelore reached an average of 122 kg, and Guzerat 109 kg. For the time in contact with the calf variable there was no significant variance between races. Conclusions. Results showed the superiority of the Nelore race, considering it better adapted to local environmental conditions.