Análise da produção científica nacional fonoaudiológica acerca da linguagem escrita

TEMA: a produção científica nacional sobre a linguagem escrita no âmbito da Fonoaudiologia. OBJETIVO: analisar parte da produção fonoaudiológica brasileira acerca da linguagem escrita, entre os anos de 1980 a 2004, levando em conta o período da publicação; a distribuição de freqüência por período; os tipos de publicações; as sub-temáticas abordadas e a autoria. MÉTODO: a pesquisa de caráter documental configurou a opção metodológica selecionada para a realização desse estudo. Foram analisados livros, capítulos de livros e artigos publicados em sete periódicos nacionais de Fonoaudiologia (1980 a 2004). RESULTADOS: as produções científicas em torno da linguagem escrita, no período considerado, perfazem um total de 236 publicações. Desse total, 3,39% foram publicadas na década de 1980; 44,1% na década de 1990; e 52,5% durante o período de 2000-2004. Quanto ao tipo das publicações, 18,5% foram publicadas em forma de livro, 39% de capítulo de livro e 42,5% de artigo em periódico. Quanto à autoria das publicações, 42 autores (76,36%), são vinculados a instituições de ensino superior, como docentes ou discentes, com maior concentração no Estado de São Paulo e menor no Rio de Janeiro. As produções analisadas versaram sobre cinco sub-temáticas: distúrbios de linguagem escrita (52%); processo de apropriação da linguagem escrita (23,5%); surdez e linguagem escrita (8,90%); alterações neurológicas e linguagem escrita (8,22%) e escola e linguagem escrita (7,53%). CONCLUSÃO: a pesquisa permitiu recuperar parte da memória acerca da construção de um campo de atuação e de conhecimento da área fonoaudiológica: a linguagem escrita. O ascendente crescimento de publicações em torno dessa temática aponta para o implemento de pesquisas nesse campo da Fonoaudiologia e, portanto, a pertinência de estudos que objetivem analisar os rumos da produção científica relativa ao mesmo.

As possibilidades de uso de ferramentas da informática: software para análise de dados qualitativos e ISD

The objective of the present article is to identify and discuss the possibilities of using qualitative data analysis software in the framework of procedures proposed by SDI (socio-discursive interactionism), emphasizing free distribuited software or free versions of commercial software. A literature review of software for qualitative data analysis in the area of social sciences and humanities, focusing on language studies is presented. Some tools, such as: Wef-tQDA, MLCT, Yoshikoder and Tropes are examined with their respective features and functions. The software called Tropes is examined in more detail because of its particular relation with language and semantic analysis, as well as its embeded classification of linguistic elements such as, types of verbs, adjectives, modalizations, etc. Although trying to completely automate an SDI based analysis is not feasible, the programs appear to be powerful helpers in analyzing specific questions. Still, it seems important to be familiar with software options and use different applications in order to obtain a more diversified vision of the data. It is up to the researcher to be critical of the analysis provided by the machine.

O processo de conscientização na sala de aula de língua espanhola

This article discusses the awareness process of students in a Spanish as a foreign language classroom, at a Centre of Language Studies in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The frame of reference is Paulo Freire's pedagogy (FREIRE, 1980, 1984, 1987, 1999, 2000), Wallerstein (1983) and Schleppegrell (1997)'s investigations which are important to the comprehension of the relation between Freirean's pedagogy and the language teaching. This is a qualitative research and it focuses on action research practice in a Spanish language classroom, in which a syllabus based on Paulo Freire's pedagogy was implemented in order to verify how the target language was used in the classroom (MENEGHINI, 2001). Data analysis and discussion are based on data triangulation and classroom interactions are taken on primary data. The implementation of this research suggests that the problem posing tasks on themes chosen from the student's realities are the way which leads to the awareness.

Animação quadro a quadro: uma experiência didática no ensino da História

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

O interacionismo na produção de textos dissertativos

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

Histórias sob a história: um estudo das projeções metafóricas e formas de poder em Emília no País da Gramática

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hesitações na organização da frase entonacional na aquisição da linguagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aniceto dos Reis Gonçalves Viana (1840 - 1914): o linguista em seu tempo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Cryoablation vs radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of case series studies

OBJECTIVETo determine the current status of the literature regarding the clinical efficacy and complication rates of cryoablation vs radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of small renal tumours.METHODSA review of the literature was conducted. There was no language restriction. Studies were obtained from the following sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS.Inclusion criteria were (i) case series design with more than one case reported, (ii) use of cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation, (iii) patients with renal cell carcinoma and, (iv) outcome reported as clinical efficacy.When available, we also quantified the complication rates from each included study.Proportional meta-analysis was performed on both outcomes with a random-effects model. The 95% confidential intervals were also calculated.RESULTSThirty-one case series (20 cryoablation, 11 radiofrequency ablation) met all inclusion criteria.The pooled proportion of clinical efficacy was 89% in cryoablation therapy from a total of 457 cases. There was a statistically significant heterogeneity between these studies showing the inconsistency of clinical and methodological aspects.The pooled proportion of clinical efficacy was 90% in radiofrequency ablation therapy from a total of 426 cases. There was no statistically significant heterogeneity between these studies.There was no statistically significant difference regarding complications rate between cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation.CONCLUSIONSThis review shows that both ablation therapies have similar efficacy and complication rates.There is urgency for performing clinical trials with long-term data to establish which intervention is most suitable for the treatment of small renal masses.

Speech-language therapy for treatment of dysphagia and dysphonia in systemic granulomatous diseases: granulomatous diseases: dysphagia and dysphonia treatments

The granulomatous lesions are frequently founded in infectious diseases and can involve the larynx and pharynx and can cause varying degrees of dysphonia and dysphagia. There is still no systematic review that analyzes effectiveness of speech therapy in systemic granulomatous diseases. Research strategy: A systematic review was performed according to Cochrane guideline considering the inclusion of RCTs and quasi-RCTs about the effectiveness of speech-language therapy to treat dysphagia and dysphonia symptoms in systemic granulomatous diseases of the larynx and pharynx. Selection criteria: The outcome planned to be measured in this review were: swallowing impairment, frequency of chest infections and voice and swallowing symptoms. Data analysis: We identified 1,140 citations from all electronic databases. After an initial shift we only selected 9 titles to be retrieved in full-text. After full reading, there was no RCT found in this review and therefore, we only described the existing 2 case series studies. Results: There were no randomized controlled trials found in the literature. Therefore, two studies were selected to be included only for narratively analysis as they were case series. Conclusion: There is no evidence from high quality studies about the effectiveness of speech-language therapy in patients with granulomatous diseases of the larynx and pharynx. The investigators could rely in the outcomes suggested in this review to design their own clinical trials.

Subtitling as a pedagogical tool for language teaching in journalism

This study was designed to present and discuss some results produced by a research involving the use of English subtitles of some news videos from the webiste Reuters.com (http://www.reuters.com) with pedagogical reasons in a Brazilian context (Academic English for Journalism). We have developed the research during two semesters at UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho). The professor in charge of the study has chosen the students of Journalism as the audience to whom the videos were presented. The assumptions of many theorists and experts in Audiovisual Translation were adopted as our Theoretical Sources. The first step of the study was the assessment of the syllabus of each course. This was very helpful as a guidance in order to choose the most relevant and interesting videos for students. After the evaluation of academic and professional interests, we chose some videos to insert appropriate subtitles, according to some strategies suggested by Panayota Georgakopoulou and Henrik Gottlieb. Finally we presented the videos during the English classes. At the first time, they were presented without subtitles just to notice the comprehension level of the students. After that, the videos were presented with English subtitles. As we first assumed, the students haven’t had the whole comprehension of specific details during the first presentation, they have just used their previous knowledge and the visual aids to help them in a superficial understanding of the news. As the subtitles appear, the process of communication was finally accomplished.