Effects of physical exercise and cinnamon extract on blood chemistry of type 1 diabetic rats

The present study was designed to analyze the effects of the association between cinnamon extract and aerobic exercise on the glycemic control and serum lipid profile of diabetic rats. Fifty Wistar male rats divided into five groups: control (C), sedentary nondiabetic rats; diabetic (D), sedentary diabetic rats; diabetic cinnamon (DC), sedentary diabetic rats that received cinnamon extract; diabetic exercise (DE), sedentary diabetic rats subjected to physical training; and diabetic cinnamon exercise (DCE), diabetic rats that received cinnamon extract and were subjected to physical training. For the induction of diabetes, the rats received alloxan. The cinnamon was administered to once a day for four weeks. The groups performed swimming exercises for one hour each day with lead overloads (3% - 5% of b.w) for five days a week for four weeks. Body weight loss was lower in the DE group compared to the other diabetic groups. The basal serum glucose of all the diabetic groups was higher compared to the control group. Group D had higher serum cholesterol concentrations compared to the DE and DCE groups. The resting blood lactate in group D was higher than the resting blood lactate in the DC and DE groups. Aerobic exercise partially counteracted the diabetic effects on body weight, serum cholesterol and blood lactate concentrations. No additional beneficial effects of cinnamon extract and aerobic exercise were observed on the parameters studied.

Centesimal composition and physical-chemistry analysis of the edible mushroom Lentinus strigosus occurring in the Brazilian Amazon

Avaliou-se a composição centesimal e análise físico-química do Lentinus strigosus, um cogumelo comestível de ocorrência na Amazônia brasileira, produzidos em substratos alternativos à base de resíduos madeireiros e agroindustriais. Com este objetivo, determinou-se C, N, pH, sólidos solúveis, atividade de água, proteína, lipídios, fibra total, cinzas, carboidratos e energia. Os substratos foram formulados a partir de serragem de Simarouba amara Aubl. (marupá), Ochroma piramidale Cav. ex. Lam. (pau-de-balsa) e Anacardium giganteum (cajuí); e do estipe de Bactris gasipaes Kunth (pupunheira) e de Saccharum officinarum (cana-de-açúcar). Os resultados demonstraram que: a composição nutricional do L. strigosus variou com o substrato de cultivo; os valores de proteína encontrados nos cogumelos cultivados nos diferentes substratos (18 - 21,5%) variaram de acordo com o substrato, sendo considerados elevados; os sólidos solúveis presentes nos cogumelos podem ter relação com vitaminas hidrossolúveis do complexo B; o L. strigosus pode ser considerado um importante alimento devido suas características nutricionais: alto teor de proteína, carboidratos metabolizáveis e fibras; baixos teores de lipídios e de calorias.

Hydroxymethylnitrofurazone:Dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex: A Physical-Chemistry Characterization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Changes in physical properties of extruded sour cassava starch and quinoa flour blend snacks

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Spatial variability of physical attributes of an alfisol under different hillslope curvatures

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Soil uses in the sugarcane fallow period to improve chemical and physical properties of two latosols (oxisols)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Physical quality of an Oxisol cultivated with maize submited to cover crops in the pre-cropping period

The intensive use of land alters the distribution of the pore size which imparts consequences on the soil physical quality. The Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR) allows for the visualization of the effects of management systems upon either the improvement or the degradation of the soil physical quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical quality of a Red Latosol (Oxisol) submited to cover crops in the period prior to the maize crop in a no-tillage and conventional tillage system, using porosity, soil bulk density and the LLWR as attributes. The treatments were: conventional tillage (CT) and a no-tillage system with the following cover crops: sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) (NS), pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) (NP) and lablab (Dolichos lablab L.) (NL). The experimental design was randomized blocks in subdivided plots with six replications, with the plots being constituted by the treatments and the subplots by the layers analyzed. The no-tillage systems showed higher total porosity and soil organic matter at the 0-0.5 m layer for the CT. The CT did not differ from the NL or NS in relation to macroporosity. The NP showed the greater porosity, while CT and NS presented lower soil bulk density. No <= 10 % airing porosity was found for the treatments evaluated, and value for water content where soil aeration is critical (theta(PA)) was found above estimated water content at field capacity (theta(FC)) for all densities. Critical soil bulk density was of 1.36 and 1.43 Mg m(-3) for NP and CT, respectively. The LLWR in the no-tillage systems was limited in the upper part by the theta(FC), and in the bottom part, by the water content from which soil resistance to penetration is limiting (theta(PR)). By means of LLWR it was observed that the soil presented good physical quality.

Physical attributes of kaolinitic and oxidic oxisols resulting from different usage systems

A mineralogia da fração argila e os sistemas de uso exercem fundamental importância na estrutura do solo. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar atributos físicos de um Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico, caulinítico (LVd), e, de um Latossolo Vermelho Eutroférrico, oxídico (LVef), sob diferentes sistemas de uso, localizados no município de Jaboticabal (SP), Brasil. Os sistemas de uso foram: cana-de-açúcar; algodão e mata. Foram avaliadas a densidade do solo, porosidade total, macro e microporosidade, nas profundidades de 0,0-0,1, 0,1-0,2, 0,2-0,3, 0,3-0,4 m. O Latossolo caulinítico (LVd) apresentou maior densidade do solo e menor porosidade total, macro e microporosidade. O uso aumentou a densidade do solo na profundidade de 0,0-0,3 m, com efeitos maiores no Latossolo caulinítico, principalmente na profundidade de 0,1-0,2 m na área cultivada com cana-de-açúcar.

Effects of corn particle size and physical form of the diet on the gastrointestinal structures of broiler chickens

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different particle sizes, expressed as Geometric Mean Diameter (GMD) of corn (0.336mm, 0.585mm, 0.856mm and 1.12mm) of mash and pelleted broiler chicken diets on the weight of the gizzard, duodenum and jejunum+ileum; on the pH of the gizzard and small intestine and on the characteristics of the duodenal mucous layer (number and height of villi and crypt depth) in 42-day-old broilers. The physical form and the particle size of the diet had no significant effect on gizzard and intestine pH (p > 0.05). A greater gizzard weight was seen in the birds receiving pelleted diet and particle size of 0.336mm (p < 0.008). However, for the particle sizes of 0.856 and 1.12 mm, a greater weight was found in birds that received mash diet (p < 0.039 and p < 0.006, respectively). Also, gizzard weight was greater with increasing corn GMD independent of the physical form of the diet. In the mash diet, the increase in particle size promoted a quadratic response in the weight of duodenum and jejunum + ileum. The pelleted diet promoted a greater number of villi per transverse duodenum cut (p < 0.007) and greater crypt depth (p < 0.05). As the particle size increased, there was a linear increase of villus height and crypt depth in the duodenum, irrespective of the physical form of the diet.

Chemical and physical attributes of two substratum for eucalypt seedling production

This work evaluated the viability of one commercial substrate with pinus bark, vermiculite and 30% of coconut fiber for Eucalyptus grandis seedlings production under different water management: 6, 8, 10, 12 e 14 mm day(-1). In relation to the substrates, it was evaluated, before and after the seedlings production, the total content of carbon, nitrogen and organic substances, pH and EC of the extract, the content of macronutrients (P, K, Ca, S, Mg) and macronutrients (B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn), as well as total porosity, density and water retention. It was evaluated the macro and mcronutrients accumulation in the roots and in the aerial part of the seedlings, 105 days after sowing. It was concluded that the substrates presented some distinct properties of those cited as ideal for production in containers with irrigation and fertilization. At the end of the production process, both substrates registered nutrient content little influenced by water management what would guarantee the initial development of the plants in the field.

Synthesis and physical properties of lipid-based poly(ester-urethane)s, I: Effect of varying polyester segment length

Four aliphatic thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane)s (PEUs) with similar molecular weights but varying polyesters molecular weight (534-1488 g/mol) were prepared from polyester diols, obtained by melt condensation of Azelaic acid and 1,9-Nonanediol, and 1,7-heptamethylene di-isocyanate (HPMDI) all sourced from vegetable oil feedstock. The thermal, and mechanical properties, and crystal structure of PEUs were investigated using DSC, TGA, DMA, tensile analysis and WAXD. For sufficiently long polyester chain, WAXD data indicated no hydrogen bonds polyethylene (PE)-like crystalline packing and for short polyester chains, small crystal domains with significant H-bonded polyamide (PA)-like packing. Crystallinity decreased with decreasing polyester molecular weights. The polymorphism of PEUs and consequently their melting characteristics were found to be largely controlled by polyester segment length. TGA of the PEUs indicated improved thermal stability with decreasing polyester chain length, suggesting a stabilization effect by urethane groups. Mechanical properties investigated by DMA and tensile analysis were found to scale predictably with the overall crystallinity of PEUs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nutrient recycling and physical indicators of an alley cropping system in a sandy loam soil in the pre-Amazon region of Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Structure and Physical Properties of EVA/Starch Precursor Materials for Foaming Applications

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Recent Insights on the Medicinal Chemistry of Sickle Cell Disease

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Physical properties of pectin-high amylose starch mixtures cross-linked with sodium trimetaphosphate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)