Indícios de subjetividade na fala de uma criança psicótica: um olhar para as hesitações

This study, performed under a linguistic-discoursive prism, aimed to: (1) describe the moments in which occurred hesitations in the utterances of a psychotic child diagnosed with Language Disorder; and (2) determine the extent to which these moments (also) can indicate aspects of a subjectivity trying to emerge in this child. Data were extracted from a speech therapy session with a ten year old female child. Concerning the fi rst goal, from a total of 362 utterances produced by the child, only 74 (20%) had hesitation traces, while 288 (80%) did not. Concerning the second goal, the utterances with hesitation traces occurred in situations of: topic development, especially in the form of complementarity; introduction of new topic; return to the previous topic; refuses to the topic; enunciative incompleteness. The high percentage of utterances without hesitation traces (80%) is explained because they are highly predictable from the context, mostly in situations of ritualized adjacent pairs, oftentimes in situations of immediate specularity. The reduced percentage of utterances with hesitation traces are explained precisely by the fact that, unlike those without traces, in these ones, signs of a subjectivity that tries to emerge and show itself in the discourse production are detected. With the development of this study, we tried to emphasize the view at the hesitations as marks of subjectivity – in other words, evidences of confl icting relationships between the subject and the others that constitute the utter. The concern was also about bringing to the fi eld of Speech Pathology discoursive linguistic refl ections based on data extracted from symptomatic contexts of language.

O tutor nos cursos de Pedagogia da Universidade Aberta do Brasil: características da tutoria e aspectos da profissionalização

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Analysis of acoustic frequency and wave amplitude generated by the Oscillatory Thoracic Thixotropic Device (Diottix(r)) in human chest

Diottix(r) was calibrated at 25 Hz to achieve the frequency indicated in literature as being effective to mobilize the airways secretions. However, the amplitude and frequency of the waves generated by the equipment in different regions of the chest still need to be investigated. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency and amplitude of waves generated by Diottix(r) in chests of healthy subjects. Diottix(r) was used in the anterior and posterior regions of the chest. The mechanical waves were captured using stethoscopes connected to electret microphones, which were connected to a digital oscilloscope. Frequency and amplitude data were recorded by the stethoscope, positioned in six points in the anterior region and six in the posterior region of the chest, following the positions commonly used in pulmonary auscultation. Signals were recorded and transferred to a computer with software for their analysis. The frequency of waves did not present a significant change (from 24.9 to 26.4 Hz). The wave amplitude in the anterior versus the posterior region in each area of the lung, the upper, middle and lower, had differences. Diottix(r) produces frequencies in the chest according to the calibrated; thus, it can be a complementary resource to bronchial hygiene maneuvers. The amplitudes of waves seem to be affected by other structures like bone parts and heart.

Speech-language therapy for treatment of dysphagia and dysphonia in systemic granulomatous diseases: granulomatous diseases: dysphagia and dysphonia treatments

The granulomatous lesions are frequently founded in infectious diseases and can involve the larynx and pharynx and can cause varying degrees of dysphonia and dysphagia. There is still no systematic review that analyzes effectiveness of speech therapy in systemic granulomatous diseases. Research strategy: A systematic review was performed according to Cochrane guideline considering the inclusion of RCTs and quasi-RCTs about the effectiveness of speech-language therapy to treat dysphagia and dysphonia symptoms in systemic granulomatous diseases of the larynx and pharynx. Selection criteria: The outcome planned to be measured in this review were: swallowing impairment, frequency of chest infections and voice and swallowing symptoms. Data analysis: We identified 1,140 citations from all electronic databases. After an initial shift we only selected 9 titles to be retrieved in full-text. After full reading, there was no RCT found in this review and therefore, we only described the existing 2 case series studies. Results: There were no randomized controlled trials found in the literature. Therefore, two studies were selected to be included only for narratively analysis as they were case series. Conclusion: There is no evidence from high quality studies about the effectiveness of speech-language therapy in patients with granulomatous diseases of the larynx and pharynx. The investigators could rely in the outcomes suggested in this review to design their own clinical trials.

Opiniões e atitudes dos médicos frente às ações promocionais da indústria farmacêutica

The pharmaceutical industry invests heavily in promoting their products, and studies suggest that these actions influence doctor’s prescribing. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the opinions and attitudes of doctors when facing promotional activities of the laboratories. To this end, questionnaires were sent to doctors in Araraquara (SP) containing statements on the subject. Data analysis included study of the association by the chi-square. The results indicated that physicians relate to the propagandists (98%) by considering them useful (55%), but not as a main source update (86%). For 62% of them their prescriptions are not influenced by such relationships, while 24% disagree that doctors in general are influenced as well as new graduates (37%). The majority also disagrees that are influenced by amenities (86%) or free samples (70%) but only 38% believe their colleagues are not influenced by the samples. As for the ethics of these receipts, 57% considered to be appropriate when benefit patients, but only 32% while for personal use. The results show that doctors are vulnerable to the influences of marketing. Therefore, mechanisms and interventions are needed for prescribing drugs solely by criteria of effectiveness, safety, convenience and accessibility to the patient.

E agora José? Ideologias de gênero e autores de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Evaluación del soporte social: análisis de literatura en la base de datos ebsco, búsqueda académica entre 2001 y 2011

This study aimed to analyze the literature on social support in the database ebsco-Academic Search between 2001 and 2011. It was based on a search for items that had the words "social support" and "scale" in the abstract. The sample consisted of 107 studies. It was verified in the results that there were fluctuations in the number of studies over the years. Aging & Mental Health and Quality of Life Research were the journals which published the most. On the country of residence of the first author, the countries that dominated were United States and England. 34 different instruments were used to assess social support. We also observed a lack of information concerning the psychometric qualities in the instruments descriptions.