Cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia in the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822), an air-breathing fish

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Phenolic Composition of the Edible Parts (Flesh and Skin) of Bordo Grape (Vitis labrusca) Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Volume do recipiente, adubação e sua forma de mistura ao substrato no crescimento inicial de Peltophorum dubium (sprengel) taubert em viveiro

O ensaio comparou três volumes de recipientes, três tipos de adubação e duas formas de mistura do fertilizante ao substrato, no crescimento inicial de plântulas de Peltophorum dubium (Sprengel) Taubert (canafístula) em viveiro, num esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 2. Foram utilizados tubetes de 100 e 180 cm³ preenchidos com substrato comercial e sacos plásticos de 10 x 15 cm cheios com mistura de solo e vermiculita em partes iguais, fertilizados com fertilizante de liberação lenta (FLL) nas dosagens de 1,75 e 3,5 kg m-3 e com formulação NPK a 1,0 kg m-3 de substrato. As formas de misturas adotadas foram aquelas com base por metro cúbico de substrato ou individualmente para cada recipiente. Na análise destrutiva realizada 12 semanas após a emergência, avaliaram-se o número de folhas, a altura da planta, o diâmetro do coleto e as massas secas da parte aérea, o sistema radicular e o total. Os resultados indicaram que a redução no volume do recipiente causou diminuição na massa seca, diâmetro e altura. O número de folhas, a massa seca da parte aérea e a massa seca total foram semelhantes nas plântulas sob fertilização com NPK, independentemente do volume do recipiente, o que não ocorreu naquelas sob FLL, onde esse parâmetro diminuiu com o volume do recipiente. O cálculo do índice de Dickson após 12 semanas indicou valores superiores em mudas com a forma de mistura convencional em relação à individual e maior naquelas sob fertilização com NPK, em comparação com as sob FLL.

Balanço do nitrogênio da uréia (15N) no sistema solo-planta na implantação da semeadura direta na cultura do milho

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biomass production and chemical composition of Lippia alba (Mill.) NEBr. ex Britt & Wilson in leaves on different plant parts in different seasons

Lippia alba, family Verbenaceae, is widely spread in Central and South American. It's a shurb with a quadrangular branch reaching 1,7m tall. The leaves are membranaceous, petiolate, pubescent with a strong flavor. It's limbs have variable forms with pointed apex, cuneiform or decumbent base, and serrated or crenated hordes. It was determined the best harvest season to biomass production, essential oil content and chemical composition, on different plant parts (apical, medium, basal). It has been observed that, both apical and medium parts represented around 80 % of the fresh leaf mass. The foliar biomass yields are about 5 ton/ha in four harvests during an year. The average yield of essential oil considering the three plant parts were 0.15%, 0.47%, 0.46%, 0.55% and 0.61% for summer/98, autumn/98, winter/98, spring/98 and summer/99, respectively. Essential oils showed similar chemical composition either in relation to seasonality, neral, geranial and t-cariofilene were the majority compounds.

PhotoLin: a program to identify and analyze linear structures in aerial photographs, satellite images and maps

A computer program, PhotoLin, written for an IBM-PC-compatible microcomputer is described which detects linear features in aerial photographs, satellite images and topographic maps. The program accepts images saved to PCX files as input and applies noise correction and smoothing filters and thinning routines. The output consists of a skeleton containing the median lines of linear features which can be represented on a map. The branches of the skeleton can be broken into sections of constant length for which the mean orientations are obtained for the preparation of rose diagrams. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Can the chemical composition of the whole body of a goat be estimated from parts of its body?

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Automatic absolute orientation of scanned aerial photographs

Image orientation is a basic problem in Digital Photogrammetry. While interior and relative orientations were succesfully automated, the same can not be said about absolute orientation. This process can be automated by using an approach based on relational matching and a heuristic that uses the analytical relation between straight features in the object space and its homologous in the image space. A build-in self-diagnosis is also used in this method, that is based on the implementation of data snooping statistic test in the process of spatial resection, using the Iterated Extended Kalman Filtering (IEKF). The aim of this paper is to present the basic principles of the proposed approach and results based on real data.

Organic and conventional fertilisation procedures on the nitrate, antioxidants and pesticide content in parts of vegetables

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Automatic extraction of road seeds from high-resolution aerial images

This article presents an automatic methodology for extraction of road seeds from high-resolution aerial images. The method is based on a set of four road objects and another set of connection rules among road objects. Each road object is a local representation of an approximately straight road fragment and its construction is based on a combination of polygons describing all relevant image edges, according to some rules embodying road knowledge. Each one of the road seeds is composed by a sequence of connected road objects, in which each sequence of this type can be geometrically structured as a chain of contiguous quadrilaterals. Experiments carried out with high-resolution aerial images showed that the proposed methodology is very promising in extracting road seeds. This article presents the fundamentals of the method and the experimental results, as well.

Finite element analysis of warpage in laminated aluminium alloy plates for machining of primary aeronautic parts

The aim of this paper consists in presenting a method of simulating the warpage in 7xxx series aluminium alloy plates. To perform this simulation finite element software MSC.Patran and MSC.Marc were used. Another result of this analysis will be the influence on material residual stresses induced on the raw material during the rolling process upon the warpage of primary aeronautic parts, fabricated through machining (milling) at Embraer. The method used to determinate the aluminium plate residual stress was Layer Removal Test. The numerical algorithm Modified Flavenot Method was used to convert layer removal and beam deflection in stress level. With such information about the level and profile of residual stresses become possible, during the step that anticipate the manufacturing to incorporate these values in the finite-element approach for modelling warpage parts. Based on that warpage parameter surely the products are manufactured with low relative vulnerability propitiating competitiveness and price. © 2007 American Institute of Physics.

Development of a model to measure the efficiency of outsourced companies in the process of aircraft spare parts technical publications

This paper presents a proposal of a model to measure the efficiency of outsourced companies in the aeronautical industry applying the methods DEA and AHP. It also proposes an evaluation in the relation between the variables of the process and the value obtained for the effiiency. The criteria of Quality, Time and Cost were considered the outputs of the process, and those criteria were quantified by AHP for DEA matrix.The number of technical documents received by those outsorced companies were considered the input of the process. The other purpose is to separate the companies in groups considered able to receive an investment to improve their process. Copyright © 2008 SAE International.

Properties advanced of the silicon nitride based ceramics and recent performance on automotive parts manufacture by machining process: Advanced Ceramics, demand Forecast

Automotive parts manufacture by machining process using silicon nitride-based ceramic tool development in Brazil already is a reality. Si 3N4-based ceramic cutting tools offer a high productivity due to their excellent hot hardness, which allows high cutting speeds. Under such conditions the cutting tool must be resistant to a combination of mechanical, thermal and chemical attacks. Silicon nitride based ceramic materials constitute a mature technology with a very broad base of current and potential applications. The best opportunities for Si3N 4-based ceramics include ballistic armor, composite automotive brakes, diesel particulate filters, joint replacement products and others. The goal of this work was to show latter advance in silicon nitride manufacture and its recent evolution on machining process of gray cast iron, compacted graphite iron and Ti-6Al-4V. Materials characterization and machining tests were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Vickers hardness and toughness fracture and technical norm. In recent works the authors has been proved to advance in microstructural, mechanical and physic properties control. These facts prove that silicon nitride-based ceramic has enough resistance to withstand the impacts inherent to the machining of gray cast iron (CI), compacted graphite iron (CGI) and Ti-6Al-4V (6-4). Copyright © 2008 SAE International.