Análise de variáveis eletromiográficas e cinemáticas em protocolo incremental de corrida na esteira

Muscle fatigue is described as a cause of injuries among the many related to the running practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the behavior of the amplitude (RMS) and median frequency (MF) of EMG signal of the iliocostalis (CI), rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM) biceps femoris (long head) (BFCL), tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius (lateral) (LNG) from the right lower limb, and the behavior of the parameters of amplitude (AP) and frequency (PF) spent in different percentages of the maximum speed during incremental protocol of treadmill running. 10 volunteers participated in this study, athletes, male, aged between 18 and 30 years with no history of injury in lower limbs and similar anthropometry. The protocol consisted of a treadmill test with initial velocity of 10 km.h-¹ and increments of 1 km.h-¹ each three minutes until volitional exhaustion, without rest interval. Synchronized collections were made of electromyographic and kinematic data. The signals were obtained through an acquisition module of biological signals (Telemyo 900 - Noraxon - USA) and software (Myoresearch - Noraxon - USA) calibrated with a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz, gain 2000 times. The raw data were filtered with a 60Hz notch filter, high pass and low pass 20Hz to 500Hz. To capture the image was used a digital video recorder (model NV-GS320, PANASONIC brand), and for image scanning and kinematic data collection was used the software Peak Motus 9.0 (ViconPeak). To obtain the values of RMS and FM analyzed the last ten passes of each speed through a specific routine (Matlab). To obtain these variables AP (m) and FP (stride I min) were analyzed for the last ten past each speed, using specific software (Peak Motus 9.0). After verification of data normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and homogeneity of the data (Levene), the comparison ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise das respostas de atributos sísmicos dos carbonatos barremiano, albiano e neógeno no campo de Bonito, bacia de Campos - RJ

The Bonito oil field, located on southwest of Campos Basin-RJ, has been explored since 1982. The main reservoir is composed by calcarenites of Quissamã Formation (Macaé Group) from Albian, but two other carbonate levels are present on the field, firsts is Coqueiros Formation (Aptian) and the second Siri Member (Oligo-Miocene). In this context and considering that carbonates reservoirs are a challenge for exploratory geoscientists, since the difficulty on recognize the effective reservoir distribution. This work aim to characterize the geophysical/geological facies based on seismic attributes responses, related to reservoir geometrical distribution, for the tree carbonates intervals on Bonito oil Field. A tree dimensional interpretation of the levels has been developed, based on well cross correlation and a 3D seismic interpretation, resulting on the stratigraphic and structural framework of the field, which showed a NE-SW fault trend controlling the Aptian carbonates reservoirs, and halocnetics structures showing a structural trap on Albian carbonates reservoirs. The definition of the structural/ stratigraphic framework possibly the seismic attributes calculations over the reservoir intervals. To select the best response in comparison with the reservoir distribution, obtained by seismic interpretation, the attributes response were compared with isopachs maps of each carbonate stratigraphic level. The attributes Maximum Amplitude, Maximum Magnitude and Rms Amplitude showed a good answer to reservoir distribution. The Rms Amplitude also showed a good correlation with physical rock properties, like RHOB bulk density, for the Albian and Aptian carbonates, as consequence it is possible make a characterization of reservoir distribution based on seismic attribute answer

Effects of lithium on the proliferation and migration of neuroblasts in the rostral migratory stream in adult mice

The discovery of neurogenesis in adult brains opened the possibility of cellular therapy strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Neurogenesis in the adult brain occurs in two areas: subgranular zone of the hippocampus and subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. Neurons that originate from the SVZ migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB) through the rostral migratory stream (RMS). In Alzheimer’s disease, there is a progressive neuronal dysfunction and degeneration, resulting in brain atrophy and cognitive impairments including olfactory dysfunction. Several studies have demonstrated that pharmacological treatment with lithium exerts positive effects on adult neurogenesis, and one pathway seems to be the modulation of factors that regulate the migration of neuroblasts. The objective of this study was to investigate whether treatment with lithium promotes the increase of migratory neuroblasts using as parameter the RMS. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control and lithium-treated groups. The animals were treated for 6 weeks and, at four different time points, i.e., 10 days, 7 days, 3 days and 1 day before the end of treatments, they received an injection of BrdU (cell proliferation marker). The animals were sacrificed by perfusion fixation and the brains were immunohistochemically labeled for BrdU for analysis of migrating neuroblasts in the RMS. The results showed that the number of BrdU+ cells in the RMS was not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that lithium, alone, is not capable of increasing the number of neuroblasts migrating from the SVZ to the OB

Desenvolvimento de estrutura para purificação de água potável, através da irradiação de UV com lâmpadas fluorescentes especiais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Análise biomecânica do chute frontal de karatê: implicações em lesões nos membros inferiores

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Adaptação e instrumentação de um esqui ergométrico para pessoas com deficiência motora dos membros inferiores

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Assessment of modernized GPS L5 SNR for ground-based multipath reflectometry applications

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Quantitative end qualitative analysis of the electrical activity of rectus abdominis muscle portions

The purpose of this study was to investigate the electrical behavior pattern of the Rectus abdominis muscle by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the electromyographic signal obtained from its superior, medium and inferior portions during dynamic and static activities. Ten voluntaries (aged X = 17.8 years, SD = 1.6) athletic males were studied without history of muscle skeletal disfunction. For the quantitative analysis the RMS (Root Mean Square) values obtained in the electromyographic signal during the isometric exercises were normalized and expressed in maximum voluntary isometric contraction percentages. For the qualitative analysis of the dynamic activity the electromyographic signal was processed by full-wave rectification, linear envelope and normalization (amplitude and time), so that the resulting curve of the processed signal was submitted to descriptive graphic analysis. The results of the quantitative study show that there is not a statistically significant difference among the portions of the muscle. Qualitative analysis demonstrated two aspects: the presence of a common activation electric pattern in the portions of Rectus abdominis muscle and the absence of significant difference in the inclination angles in the electrical activity curve during the isotonic exercises.

Challenging postural tasks increase asymmetry in patients with parkinson's disease

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Recovery of gait after quadriceps muscle fatigue

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of recovery time after quadriceps muscle fatigue on gait in young adults. Forty young adults (20-40 years old) performed three 8-m gait trials at preferred velocity before and after muscle fatigue, and after 5, 10 and 20min of passive rest. In addition, at each time point, two maximal isometric voluntary contractions were preformed. Muscle fatigue was induced by repeated sit-to-stand transfers until task failure. Spatio-temporal, kinetic and muscle activity parameters, measured in the central stride of each trial, were analyzed. Data were compared between before and after the muscle fatigue protocol and after the recovery periods by one-way repeated measures ANOVA. The voluntary force was decreased after the fatigue protocol (p<0.001) and after 5, 10 and 20min of recovery compared to before the fatigue protocol. Step width (p<0.001) and RMS of biceps femoris (p<0.05) were increased immediately after the fatigue protocol and remained increased after the recovery periods. In addition, stride duration was decreased immediately after the fatigue protocol compared to before and to after 10 and 20min of rest (p<0.001). The anterior-posterior propulsive impulse was also decreased after the fatigue protocol (p<0.001) and remained low after 5, 10 and 20min of rest. We conclude that 20min is not enough to see full recovery of gait after exhaustive quadriceps muscle fatigue.

Assimetria no controle postural em idosos caidores e não caidores neurologicamente sadios e com doenã de Parkinson em diferentes posições estáticas

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) seem to present asymmetric postural control, and the commitment to postural control that is a big factor of falls in this population. However, the asymmetry in the postural control of fallers and non fallers with PD and neurologically healthy elderly is not too much studied. The objective of the study is to analyze the asymmetry in postural control in different static positions of elderly patients with PD and healthy elderly fallers and non fallers. The study included 70 older adults with PD and 70 neurologically healthy (CG). The groups were matched for age, gender, height, weight and cognitive condition. It was evaluated the clinical, cognitive status and incidence of falls among its participants through weekly prospective follow-up of 4 months. Then, for each group, CG and PD, it was selected 12 elderly fallers and 12 elderly non fallers to evaluate postural control. Participants were evaluated through two force platforms in conditions of bipedal support, unipedal and tandem position. It was realized 3 attempts of 30s for each condition. For unipedal and tandem condition it was made 3 attempts for each lower limb. The parameters of interest of the center of pressure (CoP), were analyzed for each condition and compared by MANOVAs with factor group, fall and asymmetry. Post hoc Tukey tests were used to determine the relationships between them. The results show that CG individuals showed greater velocity and CoP area in relation to PD. It was verified that at the control group that non fallers individuals (CGN) had more displacement and RMS in the average lateral direction in the dominant limb when compared to the less affected limb of non fallers with PD (PDN). Faller individuals in the control group (CGF) had larger area in the non dominant limb when compared to the most affected leg of fallers individuals with PD (PDF). Still, the PDF individuals had higher RMS in anteroposterior feeling....

Bacteriological quality of irrigation water from vegetable gardens in the municipalities of Araraquara, Boa Esperança do Sul and Ibitinga, SP

This work aimed to assess the bacteriological quality of water used in the irrigation of vegetable gardens in the municipalities of Araraquara, Boa Esperança do Sul and Ibitinga, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 80 samples of water used in the irrigation of 40 vegetable gardens were analyzed, two samples coming from each vegetable garden. They were collected at the same site in different months, which resulted in two sample collection groups. The most probable number (MPN/100mL) of total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms and enterococci was identifi ed by means of the multiple tube technique. The analysis of the fi rst group samples showed quantities of thermotolerant coliforms above the amount allowed by current law for irrigation water (CONAMA Resolution n. 357) in nine cases. The owners of those vegetable gardens were then instructed in water disinfection procedures. After the analysis of the second group samples, it was noticed that only one sample did not meet the quality standards, and it was collected at a site where no disinfection procedure had been carried out. According to the results, 77.5% of the vegetable gardens were using water whose samples meet the quality standards. After the owners were instructed with regard to disinfection procedures, that number changed to 97.5%, which confi rms the importance of controlling and supervising irrigation water quality

Dressagem monitorada por emissão acústica e potência de corte

Para a realização deste experimento, foram utilizados um rebolo de óxido de alumínio instalado em uma retificadora plana, um dispositivo em forma de balança juntamente com o sensor de deslocamento, um sistema de aquisição de sinais e um dressador de ponta única de diamante. O processamento digital dos dados foi obtido com o software Matlab. Nos ensaios, foram aplicados diferentes graus de recobrimento e profundidade de dressagem e comparada a agressividade obtida. A partir dos dados resultantes, os parâmetros RMS, DPO e DPKS mostraram-se bons indicadores para a operação. Também ficou comprovado que para recondicionar e definir novas características para o rebolo é necessária a remoção de 120 um. Do estudo do espectro do dinal de EA, notou-se que não há componentes hormônicas com frequência superior a 200 KHz.

Al-doping effect on the surface morphology of zno films grown by reactive rf magnetron sputtering

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) thin films were deposited onto glass and silicon substrates by RF magnetron sputtering using a zinc-aluminum target. Both films were deposited at a growth rate of 12.5 nm/min to a thickness of around 750 nm. In the visible region, the films exhibit optical transmittances which are greater than 80%. The optical energy gap of ZnO films increased from 3.28 eV to 3.36 eV upon doping with Al. This increase is related to the increase in carrier density from 5.9 × 1018 cm−3 to 2.6 × 1019 cm−3 . The RMS surface roughness of ZnO films grown on glass increased from 14 to 28 nm even with only 0.9% at Al content. XRD analysis revealed that the ZnO films are polycrystalline with preferential growth parallel to the (002) plane, which corresponds to the wurtzite structure of ZnO.

Effect of Zn Sputtering Rate on the Morphological and Optical Properties of ZnO Films

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) thin films were deposited onto glass and silicon substrates by RF magnetron sputtering using a zinc-aluminum target. Both films were deposited at a growth rate of 12.5 nm/min to a thickness of around 750 nm. In the visible region, the films exhibit optical transmittances which are greater than 80%. The optical energy gap of ZnO films increased from 3.28 eV to 3.36 eV upon doping with Al. This increase is related to the increase in carrier density from 5.9 × 1018 cm-3 to 2.6 × 1019 cm-3. The RMS surface roughness of ZnO films grown on glass increased from 14 to 28 nm even with only 0.9% at Al content. XRD analysis revealed that the ZnO films are polycrystalline with preferential growth parallel to the (002) plane, which corresponds to the wurtzite structure of ZnO.