Otimização da síntese para obtenção de Lapdesf ibu-tau e ibu-ftd e ensaio de toxicidade pré-clínica dose única (aguda) e doses repetidas em camundongos

A inflamação é basicamente uma resposta de proteção tissular cuja função é proteger o organismo de micro-organismos e toxinas que promovem a lesão celular. A resposta inflamatória gera o aparecimento dos quatro sinais cardinais dor, edema, calor e rubor podendo posteriormente ocorrer a perda de função do tecido ou órgão. Os anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINEs) promovem sua atividade alterando a atividade de prostaglandinas (PGs), por inibição das isoformas de ciclo-oxigenases constitutivas (COX1) e induzidas (COX2). A inibição não seletiva destas enzimas (por AINEs clássicos) gera reações adversas graves, como as reações gastrointestinais, em pacientes pré-dispostos e/ou que as utilizam por um período prolongado. Os AINEs de segunda geração (inibidores seletivos de COX2), também se mostraram tóxicos, podendo causar alterações cardiovasculares. Neste sentido, o planejamento de novos compostos com atividade anti-inflamatória e destituídos de toxicidade ainda é um desafio para a química farmacêutica e medicinal. Dois derivados de ibuprofeno (AINE clássico) foram obtidos anteriormente no Lapdesf por Castro (2008) e Vizioli (2006), demonstrando atividade anti-inflamatória em modelo de inflamação aguda (edema de pata) e crônica (colite ulcerativa), destituídos de gastroulceração (VIZIOLI, 2009). Diante destes resultados o presente estudo visou à preparação dos compostos e o estudo pré-clínico de toxicidade em dose única (aguda) e em doses repetidas em camundongos, bem como as análises comportamentais, histopatológicas dos órgãos e ensaios bioquímicos. Os achados comportamentais, bioquímicos e histopatológicos permitem concluir que não foi observada toxicidade nos modelos estudados, exceto para o grupo de administração dose única de 2000 mg/kg via intraperitoneal do composto Lapdesf ibu-tau.

Cárie oculta extensa: relato de caso clínico

The pattern of caries lesions has been modified over decades. If the presence or absence of a caries lesion is based upon only a visual examination, its diagnosis might become underestimated since dentinal lesions underneath non cavitated or minimally demineralized enamel is highly frequent in dental clinics. The aim of this paper is to report a clinical case of a child with an upper molar with questionable occlusal aspect, presenting asymptomatic pulpal hyperplasia on the distolingual pit. Periapical radiographic examination was essential for diagnosing hidden caries and elaborating the treatment plan. As part of the approach, removal of the decayed tissue and pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide were performed. The association of an accurate visual examination to an adequate oral radiographyis is extremely important in cases which the presence of hidden caries is doubtful. As a result, an early diagnosis and the reduction of more invasive interventions related to the oral health care of pediatric patients can be achieved as well.

Influencia dos hábitos de sucção na manifestação de dor temporo-mandibular: revisão sistemática

Objective: To assess the attitudes and knowledge about hepatitis by scholars and dental practitioners from Recife and its metropolitan region. Method: The research protocol was submitted and approved by the Ethics and Human Research Committee of the Federal University of Pernambuco. There were included 230 undergraduate students in dentistry and 104 dentists who exercise their professional activity in Recife and its Metropolitan Region. They signed a consent form and answered a questionnaire, the evaluative instrument, with objective questions about biosafety, transmission of hepatitis and sexually transmitted diseases. Results: About the types of hepatitis 133 (57.8%) students and 61 (58.7%) professionals claimed to know the types A, B and C. Concerning transmission 31 (13.5%) students and 25 (24.0%) professionals said that the main route of transmission were sexual and bloodstream respectively. Relating to imunization 221 (96.1%) students and 99 (95.2%) professionals reported that have been vaccinated against hepatitis B, however, only 126 (54.8%) students and 55 (52.9%) professionals have followed the immunization’s schema. Regarding the cleaning of the office equipment, 18.7% of the students replied that they do not know who does it. 56.7% of professionals said that it was performed with alcohol 70 ° GL.Conclusions: The findings indicate that there is a concern for biosafety but the knowledge about the forms of hepatitis transmission and biosecurity measures need to be better settled.

Parotidite aguda em adulto jovem sistemicamente saudável: relato de caso clínico

This study reports an unusual case of acute parotitis in a healthy young adult with good oral hygiene. Case Report: The patient sought the Department of Stomatology, at Ponta Grossa State University due to a swollen on the right parotid gland region. The patient underwent clinical and radiological treatments and was prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. On the fifth day the signs and symptoms had disappeared. Conclusion: The development of acute parotitis in healthy young adults with good oral hygiene is possible, but this makes the diagnosis more difficult. Anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and heat physiotherapy can contribute to the recovery of the signs and symptoms after 5 days of treatment.

Implantes curtos revisão da literatura

The contemporary implant dentistry is in constant technological development, improving the oral rehabilitation process of partial or totally edentulous patients. On the other hand, anatomical limitations, such as the maxillary sinus and the mandibular canal in the posterior region of the jaws can limit the implant placement. Furthermore, due to the absence of dental elements, alveolar ridge atrophy is frequently observed. This aspect represents a loss either in quantity or quality of the bone tissue available for the dental implant rehabilitation. To make possible the dental implant rehabilitation even in adverse conditions, some solutions have been considered, such as the use of short implants (≤ 10 mm length) and/or small diameter implants (2,8; 3,3 and 3,5 mm width). The aim of this study is to present a literature review considering the use of short implants in oral rehabilitation, presenting the currently view of the matter. Based on the literature review, the use of short implants produced similar clinical success to conventional implants (greater than 10 mm in length). Therefore, its use can be considered a viable alternative, where anatomical limitations are present.

Tratamento estético periodontal: revisão de literatura sobre alguns tipos de cirurgias

Currently, periodontal aesthetics has been prized for harmony of the smile. The clinical crown lengthening, gingival excess or altered passive eruption, is effectively corrected by periodontal surgery. The purpose of this paper is to show, through a literature review, some types of surgery on clinical crown lengthening and root coverage. Clinical crown lengthening is done to Change the size of the anterior teeth and to optimize the cosmetic result of treatment with new coronal restoration and other cosmetic dental care. In general, the treatment plan and the choice of operative technique begin with careful clinical examination. Recessions tissue can be defined as a displacement of the gingival margin toward the junction mucogingival exposing the root surface. These, when present, impacting on patient comfort by providing the occurrence of cervical dentin hypersensitivity, and the esthetic, the amendment of the gum line. Successful treatment of recessions is based on knowledge of its etiology and assessment of predictability of surgical techniques that aim to root coverage. Through literature review, we can conclude that the types of surgery most often used are: 1) to increase the clinical crown, gingivectomy, flap surgery and gingivoplasty osteotomy, and 2) for root coverage, the use will depend on the amount of gum keratinized and especially the classification of Miller.

A revisão das antinomias na psicologia: do racionalismo cientificista ao estruturalismo

In this essay, we sustain the idea that structuralist thinking is part of spontaneous criticism against the reductionisms that surround psychology. We depart from the radical split-up between the scientific viewpoint and that of metaphysics, expressed in the end-19th century scientific psychology projects. Next, we highlight the importance of the structuralist perspective in the review of the antinomic relations between the subjective and objective, operated at the heart of psychology throughout the 20th century. We show that the rejection of unilineal causality in favor of network causality curbed the advancement of unilateral or reductionist theories in psychology. Moreover, we consider the idea of structure as a point of convergence between psychology and philosophy. More than its explanatory nature, the notion of structure reveals an epistemological register capable of re-approximating psychology to the relativization of the ideal of scientific neutrality. The importance of structuralist thinking in psychology makes us consider the history of psychological knowledge as a type of research that belongs to cultural history.

Devir - criança da matemática: experiências educativas infantis imagéticas

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Métodos preventivos em primeiro molar permanente de crianças com experiência de cárie dentária: estudo clínico comparativo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efetividade da higienação de brinquedos infantis quando comparada a nenhuma intervenção na redução de infecções microbianas em ambientes relacionados ao cuidado de crianças: revisão sistemática da literatura

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

Linfomas Double-Hit em casuística de Linfomas Não-Hodgkin B de alto grau: estudo clínico, morfológico, imunoistoquímico e citogenético

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB

Perfil clínico de crianças com indicação da cirurgia das tonsilas em um hospital terciário universitário

The indications for adenotonsillectomy in pediatric patients have changed considerably during the 90th decade. Local or systemic complications of the adenoid or tonsil hypertrophy itself have now been substituted by signs of obstructive ventilatory disturbances, including obstructive sleep apnea as the major indications for surgery. Objective: This study analyses the clinical profile of children submitted to adenotonsilectomy in their pre and postoperative state, at Botucatu Medical School-State University São Paulo, UNESP. Methods: 332 children of both genders, aged 1 to 12 years, who underwent adenotonsillectomy between 1999 and 2004, were studied, focused on epidemiological profile, pre and postoperative (1 month) symptoms, obtained from medical records. Height and weight were compared to brazilian normal age related values. Results: We found a predominance of the male gender, except in he group aged from 10 to 12 years. Considering wheight and height, we found important failure to thrive, mostly for height deficit. Among clinical aspects, we found a significant reduction in obstructive symptoms like snoring or apneia (p<0001) in the postoperative period. Conclusion: Our results were similar to the literature findings of patients clinical profile. The major indication for adenotonsillectomy in our service was clinical diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea.

Repercussões cardiovasculares em crianças com distúrbios respiratórios obstrutivos do sono: revisão de literatura

Objective: To review the cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children Data source: Medline and Ovid data base. Study selection: pediatric articles (original articles and case report) that investigated the obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children Data synthesis: The obstructive sleep-disordered breathing can lead to serious cardiovascular consequences such as pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary edema and anatomic and functional abnormalities Conclusions: The knowledge of cardiovascular repercussions allows in better management of pediatric patients and may result in positive consequences for treatment and follow up of these patients.

Intoxicação por cobre em ovinos: revisão de literatura

O cobre (Cu) é um microelemento essencial aos mamíferos, entretanto, quando ingerido em altas quantidades, num período curto ou prolongado, pode provocar uma intoxicação severa. A habilidade de acumular Cu nos tecidos varia de acordo com as espécies e com as raças dentro da própria espécie, dentre as espécies acometidas, destacam-se a ovina, e em menor escala, canina, suína e bovina. A intoxicação aguda em ovinos é pouco frequente e pode ser decorrente da ingestão oral ou da administração parenteral de cobre. A intoxicação crônica é a principal forma de ocorrência desta enfermidade nesta espécie. A maioria dos ovinos acometidos é proveniente de manejo intensivo, os quais recebem dietas ricas em concentrados energéticos, e a ocorrência mais comum se dá quando estes animais ingerem misturas minerais destinadas a bovinos. A forma crônica caracteriza-se por três fases distintas: pré-hemolítica, hemolítica e pós-hemolítica. O resultado, tanto da forma crônica, como da aguda será a hemólise intravascular. O diagnóstico é realizado por meio do histórico, exame clínico e laboratorial e achados de necropsia. Entre os sinais clínicos destacam-se a icterícia e a hemoglobinúria. A terapia pode ser eficiente se for iniciada precocemente no decorrer do 1º ao 2º dia após o início da hemoglobinúria, sendo utilizado antídoto específico à base de tetratiomolibdato (TTM). O controle em rebanhos ovinos deve ser feito com rígidas medidas dietéticas, evitando-se oferecer rações concentradas em concomitância com sais minerais que contenham altos teores de cobre.

Controvérsias no tratamento das fraturas mandibulares em crianças: relato de caso clínico

Introduction: The treatment of mandibular fractures has undergone many changes, especially after the introduction of rigid internal fixation techniques. Currently, the use of resorbable materials presents some advantages over metallic devices, particularly when applied in children. Objective: The authors discuss the controversies involved in the treatment of mandibular fractures in children, mainly related to fixation of fractures. Case Report: In this paper, we present a case of a 5 years treatment patient with mandibular angle fracture treated by open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws. Final Comments: Aiming to not interfere in the development of tooth germs and mandibular bone growth a second surgery for removal of the fixation devices is indicated.