170 resultados para MOTIVATION IN SPORTS


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

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Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

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O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os fatores associados à prática esportiva e participação nas aulas de educação física. A amostra foi composta por 827 jovens, selecionados em dois estágios e estratificados por região da cidade de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Foram analisadas a prática esportiva, participação nas aulas de educação física e variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e ambientais. Os fatores associados à participação nas aulas de educação física foram: sexo masculino, idade (10-13 anos), percepção de atividade física igual ou elevada, prática esportiva, movimentação durante as aulas e realizar aulas na quadra. Para a prática esportiva, os fatores associados foram o sexo masculino, idade (10-13 anos), percepção de atividade física igual/elevada, atividade física (≥ 7horas/semana), participação nas aulas de educação física, possuir ≥ 10 amigos, prática de esportes com amigos e frequência de utilização de lugares para a prática. Esses fatores devem ser considerados nos programas de incentivo à prática esportiva e à participação nas aulas de educação física.

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Functional grammar currently has a great acceptance in linguistics, mainly because it can enlighten grammatical facts' motivation in the structure of a text. From its emergence, the tradition of studying grammar by grammar has come to an end. Demonstrative pronouns, for instance, have begun to be viewed as efficient tools of text cohesion, used to resume terms from previous clauses. This task, however, ends up leaving an endless trail of black boxes. How is it possible to explain the origin of demonstratives' anaphoric functioning if they are originally used to indicate things or people relative to the interlocutors' spatial position? This work aims at showing that Cognitive Linguistics arises just as an option for opening those black boxes. This article focuses on one of its themes - the conceptual blending theory - to support this possibility. Firstly, it was necessary to integrate the cognitive model into the complexity theory, according to Bybee (2010) and Castilho (2009), who understand language as a complex adaptive system. After that, a brief updated description on the conceptual blending theory is made and its application in some grammatical facts of the Brazilian Portuguese language is suggested under the morphological and syntactic levels.

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INTRODUCTION: Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are frequently used by people whose aim to increase muscle mass to obtain a better performance in sports or improve physical appearance. AAS are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, able to promote muscle fibers hypertrophy, increasing intracellular protein synthesis. L-carnitine is a food supplement used to increase energetic production by means of fat acids oxidation. Although there are several works about physiological properties of these drugs, there are few studies about their mutagenic potential. OBJECTIVES: This work evaluated the clastogenicity and genotoxicity of nandrolone decanoate, testosterone decanoate and L-carnitine, in different treatments through the micronucleus test in polychromatic erythrocytes of Wistar rats. METHODS: The animals were submitted to different concentrations and associations of AAS. The positive control received cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection and negative control, one ml of saline solution by gavage. The rats were sacrificed after 36 hours of latest application, having the femurs removed and the bone marrow extracted. Material was homogenized and centrifuged. Button cell was pipetted and transferred to slides, which were stained by Giemsa. 1,000 polychromatic erythrocytes were counted per animal, noting the frequency of micronuclei. RESULTS: The Kruskal-Wallis test was performed, with a significance level of 5%, which demonstrated that nandrolone decanoate - three doses of 0,2 mg/kg and 0,6 mg/kg, eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg, L-carnitine - seven doses of 0,4 ml/250 g and 1,5 ml/250 g, testosterone decanoate - 28 doses of 0,075 mg/kg, nandrolone decanoate - eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg associated to L-carnitine and 1 mL and nandrolone decanoate - eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg associated to testosterone decanoate - eight doses of 7,5 mg/kg, showed mutagenic potential. CONCLUSION: The treatments proved to be clastogenic, not being indicated like ergogenic aid.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)