Análise das eficiências energética e econômica de dois diferentes sistemas de produção de leite bovino em explorações familiares

This study aimed to analyze the energy efficiency ratings and cost of farming families producing milk in the city of Pardinho (SP). The hypothesis that guides the study is that energy expenditure may be coincident with the economic expenditure showing that there is a relationship between these flows, which can be sustainable or not. To better define the producers studied criteria were used in the official system of rural credit FEAP. Through primary data obtained by the speeches, the itineraries were reconstituted technical detailing the operations employed. Thus, we found two producers with different technical routes. The producer was the one who got one of the highest efficiencies 8.66 and 1.48 respectively. Related to the efficiency, we can see that are close related and when there is a broader idea of the allocation of energy resources and, thus, a better view of the sustainability of the agro ecosystem.

Avaliação energética econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e do Brasil

The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil). Family systems of the two countries were identified; these are located from Paraguay (San Juan–CA) and from Brazil (Leme–SP). To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended (fossil fuel 56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. The Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from fossil fuel (33.59%); it reached an energy balance of 19,547.88 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 2.12, and a cultural efficiency index of 0.71. In the economic and energy indicator ratio, with regard to the months referring to the harvest time, that is to say, March, April, and May, the maximum economic efficiency indicator of paraguay was attained in the month of May (1,00), and from Brazil in the month of May (1,71). Both production systems analyzed were presented efficient, however, dependent of external circumstances and non-renewable energy sources.