Análise comparativa entre a fecundidade de Dilocarcinus pagei Stimpson e Sylviocarcinus australis Magalhães & Turkay (Crustacea, Decapoda, Trichodactylidae) no Pantanal do Rio Paraguai, Porto Murtinho, Mato Grosso do Sul

The aim of this study was to estimate the fecundity of Dilocarcinus pagei Stimpson, 1861 and Sylviocarcinus australis Magalhães & Turkay, 1996, collected in the Paraguay River, Porto Murtinho County, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between coordinates 21º42,000'S 57º33,649'W and 21º41,449'S 57º33,770'W, in the period of April 1999 to March 2000. After general collection procedures, the specimens were measured and processed in laboratory conditions. The river water crab species hatch like juveniles and, frequently, female specimens were observed carrying eggs in different stages of development, besides juveniles and eggs at the same time. It was apparent in the frequency distributions that D. pagei has a carapace width average greater than S. australis. The number of eggs and juveniles transported varied amongst species and amongst size class. A size superposition was observed between young and adult females for both species. According to the calculated fecundity index, D. pagei presented slightly more elevated values (7.41) than S. australis (6.65). Eggs are spherical and are not adhering to pleopods. Egg size did not varied during development, continuing with 2mm diameters.

Reprodução de Meloidogyne spp. em porta-enxertos e híbridos de pepino

A enxertia é uma técnica alternativa frequentemente recomendada para a cultura do pepino em áreas infestadas com nematóides das galhas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o fator de reprodução de Meloidogyne javanica e de Meloidogyne incognita raça 2 em seis porta-enxertos para pepino (abóbora 'Menina Brasileira', moranga 'Exposição', 'Shelper', 'Tetsukabuto', 'B8-A Tetsukabuto' e 'Excite Ikki') e quatro híbridos de pepino (Cucumis sativus) tipo japonês ('Yoshinari', 'Kouki', 'Taisho' e 'Tsuyataro'). Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, um com cada espécie do nematóide, sendo cada parcela constituída de uma planta mantida em vaso contendo 2 litros de solo autoclavado. Nove dias após transplante, cada planta foi inoculada com 5.000 ovos e juvenis de segundo estádio (população inicial - Pi) de M. javanica ou M. incognita raça 2. Tomateiros 'Rutgers' foram utilizados como padrão de viabilidade do inóculo, em ambos os experimentos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições por tratamento. Sessenta dias após a inoculação, cada planta foi avaliada, quanto ao peso fresco da raiz, número total de nematóides presentes no solo e na raiz (população final - Pf), número de nematóides/g de raiz e fator de reprodução de ambas as espécies de Meloidogyne (FR=Pf/Pi). Todos os porta-enxertos e híbridos de pepino testados apresentaram fatores de reprodução superiores a um, proporcionando a multiplicação de M. javanica e de M. incognita raça 2, porém, os valores nos híbridos de pepino foram superiores aos dos porta-enxertos.

Aspectos biológicos do camarão-espinho Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) (Crustacea, Caridea, Hippolytidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Biologia de Ceraeochrysa claveri Navás (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) predando Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Qualidade da dieta de adolescentes: estudo de base populacional em Campinas, SP

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade global da dieta e a adequação do consumo de cada componente da dieta de adolescentes segundo fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos e índice de massa corporal (IMC). Trata-se de estudo transversal, de base populacional, que analisou amostra representativa de 409 adolescentes, de 12 a 19 anos, utilizando o Índice de Qualidade da Dieta (IQD). Foram estimadas as prevalências de dietas classificadas no 1º quartil do IQD e as médias de escores de cada componente do IQD. Regressões múltiplas linear e de Poisson foram utilizadas nas análises. O escore médio do IQD foi de 59,7. Observou-se menor prevalência de dietas inadequadas no segmento de melhor escolaridade do chefe da família. Os estratos de menor nível socioeconômico, avaliados por renda e escolaridade, mostram um consumo inferior de verduras e legumes, frutas, leite e derivados e menor variedade da dieta e uma ingestão superior de cereais e derivados e leguminosas. Adolescentes com sobrepeso/obesidade consomem mais carnes e ovos e menos frutas comparados aos que apresentam baixo peso/eutrofia. As meninas tiveram maior ingestão de gordura total e menor ingestão de sódio. Os resultados identificam os componentes que merecem atenção nas estratégias de promoção de alimentação saudável e os segmentos mais vulneráveis à má alimentação.

Contaminação de praças públicas de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, por ovos de Toxocara e Ancylostoma em fezes de cães

De fevereiro a outubro de 1998, avaliou-se a contaminação de praças públicas de Campo Grande, MS, Brasil, por ovos de Toxocara e Ancylostoma, em amostras de fezes de cães. Das 74 praças examinadas, 42 (56,8%) estavam contaminadas por ovos de Ancylostoma, 8 (10,8%) com ovos de Toxocara e 7 (9,5%) com ambos.

Phylogenetic analysis of the neotropical pseudopolybia de saussure, 1863, with description of the male genitalia of pseudopolybia vespiceps (Hymenoptera : Vespidae, epiponini)

The male genitalia of Pseudopolybia vespiceps are described and compared to congeners. Characters of the male genitalia are combined with morphological characters of the females and nests and used in a phylogenetic analysis. The single cladogram resulting supports monophyly of the genus Pseudopolybia and interrelationships among the species as: P. langi + (P. difficilis + (P. compressa + P. vespiceps)). A new, illustrated identification key is presented.

Ocorrência de enteroparasitos em centros de educação infantil no Município de Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil

Considering the high prevalence of the parasitic diseases in Brazil and its close relationship with the socio-economic and cultural levels of the population, aimed to establish the occurrence of enteroparasites in children of six Centers of Education Child (CEIs) of the municipality of Patos of Minas (MG). Were collected three samples of faeces of 161 children from zero to six years of age. Were used the Lutz and Baermann-Moraes' methods, to the detection of cysts of protozoa, eggs and larvae of helminths. Coproparasitological analyses showed positivity of 73%. The most frequent helminths were: Ascaris lumbricoides (50%), hookworm (22%) and Enterobius vermicularis (0.6%). Among the protozoa highlighted were: Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (22%) and Giardia lamblia (32%). The high occurrence of enteroparasites evidenced the need for an effective health policy in the CEIs of the municipality of Patos of Minas to the fight against intestinal parasites.

Atividade predatória de Euseius citrifolius Denmark & Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae) sobre Tenuipalpus heveae (Acari: Tenuipalpidae)

The rubber tree red false spider mite, Tenuipalpus heveae Baker, is an important pest of Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex. Adr. de Juss.) Muell. Arg. The phytoseiid mite Euseius citrifolius Dennmark & Muma has frequently been recorded on rubber tree crops. The objective of this work was to determine the predatory activity of E. citrifolius on the different life stages (egg, larva, nymph and adult) of T. heveae. The experiments were carried out in Petri dishes (9-cm diameter) containing a layer of wet cotton inside, onto which a disk of rubber tree leaf (2.5-cm diameter) was laid. The disks were taken from naturally infested leaves. Twenty specimens in the life stage that was to be tested were left on the disk and the others were eliminated; a predator life stage (larva, nymph or female) was obtained from a laboratory stock colony and put into each dish. For each tested life stage of E. citrifolius, 4 treatments (T. heveae life stages) and 20 replications were considered in a randomized block design. The observations were made after 24 hours for larvae and nymphs of the predator, and after 24, 48 and 72 hours for the females. E. citrifolius larvae and nymphs had a higher preference for T. heveae larvae followed by nymphs, eggs and adults. Within 72 hours, each predator female consumed 15.0 larvae, 14.5 nymphs, 7.4 adults or 2.2 eggs of T. heveae. It is concluded that E. citrifolius can feed on red false spider mites, the larva and nymph being the preferred stages.

Avaliação da carga parasitária de helmintos e protozoários em bezerros manejados em sistema orgânico

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of helminths eggs and protozoan oocysts elimination in calves' feces kept in organic system production. The study was conducted from January 2008 to December 2009. Coproparasitological examinations were carried biweekly of 18 calves in pastures rotating system on Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Agrobiology. The egg counting average data had been submitted to the Kruskal Willis test and the larvae counting percentile values to the qui-square test. The average counting of eggs per gram of faces (EGF) varied of 250 the 800, characterizing low and moderate infection. Animals with inferior age the six months had presented superior results of EGF (P <.05) to the ones of between six and twelve months age. The biggest degrees of infection had been observed in the late spring and summer. In the fecal examinations was identified the following helminths: Haemonchus (73%), Trichostrongylus (24%) and Oesophagostomum (3%). The practical handling adopted in organic system production had been capable to keep the animals in moderate levels of infection, being indicated that it had helmintoses control in rotating system of pastures.

Flutuação populacional de Meloidogyne enterolobii em pomar de goiabeira (Psidium guajava)

The objective of this work was to study the population fluctuation of Meloidogyne enterolobii in a commercial orchard of 'Paluma' guava with five years of age, under micro sprinkler irrigation system and usual practices for this crop. In the orchard, located in the municipality of Vista Alegre do Alto (SP) Brazil and infested by M. enterolobii, five plants exhibiting nematode symptoms were selected for monthly sampling from July 2007 to June 2008. Two single samples of rhizosphere soil and guava roots were collected from each plant, with the aid of hoe to a depth of 20 cm on the projection of the trees, forming a composite sample per plant. In nematology laboratory of Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias Universidade Estadual Paulista, eggs and second stage juveniles (J2) of M. enterolobii were extracted from the samples and quantified. There was not a marked seasonal variation in the nematode population in soil or roots, possibly as a result of the guava vegetation stimulated by irrigation or the presence of invasive plants during the experimental period. However, the soil density reached a peak in January, corresponding to the month of elevated rainfall and temperatures. In roots, there were two significant peaks, in February and a major peak in August. There was a negative correlation between nematode populations in soil and roots.

Experimental Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum infection in two commercial varieties of laying hens

An experiment was carried out to investigate the biology of Salmonella Pullorum in two varieties of laying hens, from 5 days of age up to 9 months. One variety was resistant to systemic salmonellosis (light layers producing white eggs) and the other was considered susceptible (brown layers producing brown eggs). The brown birds were more affected by the infection, showing signs of clinical disease in the first month of life. Later, these signs disappeared, but postmortem examination revealed persistent gross pathological changes in the liver, spleen, heart and ovary. The rapid agglutination test detected reactors throughout the experiment, with the strongest agglutination from 1 to 7 months post-infection. S. Pullorum was isolated from some of the organs and the eggs laid throughout the experiment. The relationship between white birds and S. Pullorum was less intense, and there were no noticeable signs of disease. There were few gross pathological changes, and the bacteria were isolated infrequently and only for a brief period after infection, although contaminated eggs were laid by these birds. The strongest serological response in the white chickens occurred between the second and the fifth month post-infection.

Fecundity of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Brachyura, Ocypodidae)

Females of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus were collected in a monthly basis along a 2-year period at the mangrove areas of Iguape, SP, Brazil. Ovigerous individuals were measured (CW, carapace width) and weighed (WW, wet weight). Each brood was weighed (WWE, wet weight of eggs), dried (DWE, dry weight of eggs) and the number of eggs (EN) was recorded. Scatter plots for the relationships EN/CW, EN/WW and EN/WWE were produced, and the data were subjected to regression analysis. Relative average fecundity (F 1) was calculated in different seasons and compared to verify if there were any temporal variation of reproductive intensity. Fecundity in U. cordatus varied from 36.081 to 250.566 eggs according to the size-dependent relationship EN = 15.27CW 2.24 (N = 66; R 2 = 0.69; p<0.001). The other expressions obtained for the relationships were: EN = 3797.6WW 0.813 (N = 56; R 2 = 0.72; p<0.001); EN = 29226WWE 0.775 (N = 54; R 2 = 0.70; p<0.001); and EN = 1093586DWE 0.769 (N = 66; R 2 = 0.86; p<0.001). Ovigerous females were found only during spring and summer, and relative average fecundity differed between these seasons. Relative average fecundity was higher in spring and relative frequency of ovigerous females was higher during summer. Overall reproductive intensity was similar between these seasons. The observed trends are regarded to be related to temperature and photoperiod variations.

Granular cell tumour (Abrikossoff's tumour): Case series

This case series describes three unreported cases of an uncommon benign neoplasm named Abrikossoff's tumour or granular cell tumour (GCT). This mesenchymal neoplasm apparently arises from neural or Schwann cell origin with benign and malignant forms. All cases presented here were unique nodules on oral mucosa, coming out from the connective tissue, and occurring in women with age ranging from 30 to 42 years. The histological aspects of the GCT showed large granular cells arranged in groups and nests of connective tissue separating pseudoepitheliomatous overlying surface. This feature can possibly be misunderstood with squamous cell carcinoma. The differentiation between malignant and benign GCT is evaluated by the presence of metastases which is considered the only reliable criterion for malignancy. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Estudo biológico e biométrico dos estádios ninfais de Rhodnius prolixus Stäl, 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) sob condições laboratoriais

Eggs and nymphs originated from couples of Rhodnius prolixus obtained from nymphs of the 5th instar were used for biological cycle and biometric studies. The following biological cycle parameters were determined under a temperature of 28°C and relative humidity, varying between 52 - 94% : medium period of incubation: 13.01 days; rate of eggs eclosion: 77.6%; medium period of development of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4 th, 5th instar nymphs : 19.33, 19.09, 20.38, 24.37, 38.14 days, respectively; percentual of deaths in the nymph instar: 26.70, 14.00, 18.26, 17.02, 35.47% respectively; percentual of changes per instar nymphs; 73.30, 86.03, 81.73, 82.97, 64.52%, respectively. Biometric measurements performed, showed that in all the instars the abdomen is the largest segment. In the four first instars, the head is larger than the thorax. In the fifth instar, the head and thorax present are about the same size.