Tecnologia assistiva para a criança com paralisia cerebral na escola: identificação das necessidades

Studies about Assistive Technology have emphasized the need to integrate resources, services and strategies for inclusion and special education to foster the learning process and skill development of students with disabilities. The literature describes that the first step towards implementing assistive technology in schools should enable professionals to understand the situation involving the student in order to expand his or her participation in the teaching and learning process. This study aimed to identify the need for assistive technology services, resources and strategies for students with cerebral palsy in school. Two children with cerebral palsy and their teachers were selected. The data collection phase included three successive procedures: interviews with teachers, completing the identification protocol of the school routine and participant observation conducted in the classroom using filming and field diary. Based on the material gained from these three procedures, data triangulation was proposed, i.e., grouping information in a single document in order to establish categories of analysis. After preparing the material, the categories were assessed by judges from the field of knowledge. The results showed that after understanding the situation of the disabled student within the school context, it was possible to establish his or her skills and needs to indicate the appropriate assistive technology resources for the teacher's planning and thus provide proper teaching and learning for the children with disabilities. The study identified the need to establish specific procedures, an organized pedagogical plan and participation of health professionals as consultants on using assistive technology in school.

Habilidade auditiva em criança desnutrida

PurposeTo characterize and compare the performance of malnourished children and normal children in auditory processing. MethodThe sample comprised 30 children from five to ten years old, both genders, being 15 malnourished children (G1) and 15 children with adequate nutritional status, as a control group (G2). The groups were paired according to gender, age and grade level. Both groups underwent peripheral and central auditory assessment, noting that malnourished children had higher changes in the skill of sequencing score for verbal and nonverbal when compared to normal children, and the same occurred in closing skills and background figure. ResultRegarding the degree of auditory processing disorder, it was more severe in malnourished children. ConclusionChildren with malnutrition have higher frequency alterations in auditory abilities when compared to normal children, being the temporal ordering skills, auditory memory, selective attention, figure-ground and closing the most affected skills.

Reflexão sobre prevenção de acidentes à criança no âmbito doméstico

The aim was to reflect what action to prevent accidents used by caregivers / participants in the home. This is a prospecive cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Pediatric Inpatient Unit, Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu – Unesp, during the months from May to August 2010.A questionnaire was used in the form of check list (Annex I) on measures to prevent accidents. The participant chose two alternatives taking into consideration the order of priority in the prevention of accidents. This study shows that for the age group from 29 days to 2 years, the companions chose these preventive measures for falls, burns, poisoning and drowning, “do not put near the windows mobile” (27.8%), “no access the match, lighter and appliances (22.2%), leave toxic substances out of reach and sight of children (41.7%) and empty buckets, tubs and pools after use (27.8% ). Regarding the age group 2-6 years, the measures for these types of accidents were not put near the windows mobile (26.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (20.9% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (27.9%) and maintain tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (20.2%). For ages 6 to 10 years, the measures chosen to more such accidents were dry liquid spilled on the ground (23.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (22.5% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (31%) and keep tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (23.5%). One fact that attracted our attention was that the preventive measures most frequently used by caregivers, regardless of age, show results that differ in few alternatives. It is essential to the understanding of the escorts / participants on the importance of injury prevention. Even today is predominantly defined as accident, injury must be addressed through measures

O trabalho do enfermeiro na vigilância à saúde da criança sob o olhar da gestão da Atenção Básica à Saúde

This study aimed at apprehending and analyzing the perspective of Primary Health Care managers concerning nurses’ work in Children’s Health Surveillance in a city in São Paulo state. The study population consisted of eight professionals from different professional categories with direct activity in the city’s management of the population’s Health Surveillance. It is a descriptive, qualitative study. Data were collected by means of recorded semi-structured interviews. The framework used for data analysis was the thematic Content Analysis Method. The results were systematized into three themes: 1- Managers’ conceptualizations concerning Children’s Health Surveillance and its application in practice; 2- Managers’ perspectives concerning nurses’ work in Children’s Health Surveillance; 3- Qualification of Children’s Health Surveillance under the view of the municipal management. The conceptualizations concerning Children’s Health Surveillance that were apprehended showed to be convergent as they indicated this model’s appropriateness to identify and prioritize children’s care in vulnerability conditions in the territory where they live. However, some managers did not include, in their statements, health promotion aspects as one of the cornerstones of their managerial action. Nurses were considered to be fundamental in the Children’s Health Surveillance process due to their competencies and responsibilities undertaken in this health provision level. The main difficulties for adequate implementation of Children’s Health Surveillance in Primary Health Care and the proposal to overcome them were pointed out. It was concluded that, under the managers’ perspectives, nurses can greatly contribute to Children’s Health Surveillance in Primary Health Care as members of the health care team; however, to that end, they need professional qualification, structural conditions and institutional support with that regard

Convergências e divergências na constituoção da subjetividade: um estudo de caso de uma criança brasileira aprendiz de espanhol

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O estatuto da criança e do adolescente e a escola

Esse trabalho se originou a partir de indagações sobre as diferenças entre os sistemas educacionais norte-americano e brasileiro tendo como base minha vivência nos dois países. As grandes discrepâncias sociais brasileiras influenciam negativamente todos os aspectos da sociedade e, em especial, a educação. Em contrapartida, o Brasil apresenta uma legislação bastante sofisticada no tocante da mesma. Esse trabalho objetivou analisar o modelo de escola articulado na Constituição brasileira e mais especificamente no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. O mesmo elencou brevemente o histórico dos direitos da criança, principalmente no aspecto educacional nas diferentes constituições brasileiras e no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Também analisou algumas das dificuldades apontadas para que o mesmo se efetive levantadas por duas conselheiras do Conselho Tutelar de Rio Claro sendo estas: a falta de apoio e infra-estrutura, o distanciamento das famílias em relação ao conhecimento da lei e a visão errônea que a sociedade tem do Conselho Tutelar.

Sensibilização e convencimento: a propaganda e os modos de ser criança

A infância, tal como conhecemos hoje é uma construção social. Segundo Áries, há indícios de que o início da infância tenha surgido entre os séculos XVII e XVIII, mudanças de comportamento da sociedade aos poucos desenharam a infância atual, antes predominava a indiferenciação entre as fases da vida. Hoje temos uma infinidade de produtos de consumo destinados à infância e lidamos com a incerteza do papel que esta ocupa atualmente. A criança não possuí um lugar estático na sociedade, o olhar social sobre a infância está em constante transformação, o lugar que está ocupa também. Neste contexto, a mídia exerce grande influência no comportamento e relações sociais. Pensando em tais influências, nas transformações que estas podem trazer à sociedade e dirigindo nosso olhar para a mídia televisiva e as propagandas publicitárias, que são construídas com objetivos determinados. Buscamos com este estudo ler, a partir das propagandas publicitárias televisivas, formas, que estas, indiciam, mostram e criam modos de ser criança e de conceber a infância na contemporaneidade. No primeiro capítulo faremos uma discussão sobre a concepção de infância e seu surgimento. Os três últimos capítulos foram construídos a partir do estudo das propagandas escolhidas para o trabalho, dividimos as propagandas de acordo com a infância apresentada por estas: Infância adultizada, Infância ingênua e um método utilizado pelas propagandas que faz alusão ao público infantil, a animação.

Avaliação Postural de Criança com Paralisia Cerebral Através do Software de Avaliação Postural (SAPO)

O presente estudo, que aborda a avaliação postural de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral (PC), teve como objetivos: avaliar o alinhamento da postura e controle postural nessas crianças e descrever o posicionamento dos segmentos corporais na postura ereta em vista anterior, posterior, lateral direita e esquerda. Foram avaliados, através do SAPO, 7 indivíduos com PC que se mantinham na posição ortostática sem apoio. Foi feita estatística descritiva e uma comparação dos valores de referência (teste t-Student) com nível de significância 5% para todas variáveis. No ângulo Q esquerdo (vista anterior), houve diferença significativa do valor de referência p=0,476. O ângulo perna/retropé direito (vista posterior) apresentou p=0,0257. Para a vista lateral direita: Alinhamento horizontal da cabeça (C7) obteve p<0,001; Ângulo do quadril (tronco e coxa), p=0,0126; Alinhamento horizontal da pelve, p=0,0043 e o Ângulo do Tornozelo p<0,001. Para a vista lateral esquerda: Alinhamento horizontal da cabeça (C7), p<0,001; Alinhamento horizontal da pelve p=0,0332 e o Ângulo do tornozelo obteve p-valor<0,001. Houve evidente anteversão pélvica dos sujeitos com possível aumento da lordose lombar, alterações relacionadas a joelhos e tornozelos que podem ser causadas por assimetrias das forças atuantes em seguimentos superiores e anteriorização da cabeça. Seis das sete crianças apresentaram seu centro de gravidade deslocado para o lado contralateral ao hemicorpo afetado. Sendo a PC uma desordem do movimento e postura e, levando em consideração que alterações posturais decorrentes desta desordem podem interferir no desempenho motor, sugerimos estudos que relacionem esses fatores, promovendo uma intervenção em crianças com PC baseada em evidências

A dança como mediadora na formação da criança

This paper analyzes the dance, considered the oldest of the Arts, inserted in Art and Education. When you talk about dance as art, sought to articulate dance, body movement and music, because all these aspects are crucial when it comes to education in dance. Thus, this paper, by analyzing the meaning of dance over time, also made a parallel with the evolution of the concept of body that, throughout history, became the focus of sin, to currently be seen in optical freedom and autonomy, looking up from childhood, the formation of body awareness and embodiment, as a basis for identity and the formation of a positive self-image. In describing the evolution of dance, between different societies, it was shown that the tool is the dancer's own body and that for its use, it is necessary to look at its interior, human vitality, musicality and sensitivity. Proved that dance since the beginning, has been seen as a medium body, as well as desires and deepest sorrows of humanity, linked to religion, ritual or ceremonial, reaching today the freest expression of body, in modern dance. Given these considerations, based on theoretical frameworks, emphasized the importance of dance in middle school, focusing on their educational role and liberating, showing that it must be used as a tool for teaching and learning, and the development of children , given its interdisciplinary character, this Crosscutting Themes in elementary school and early childhood education curriculum benchmark. The paper concludes that, despite legislation and official documents require training for dance in the school curriculum, very little is done in this direction, which shows that there is still a choice of schools, the immobility of the pupils

A importância das brincadeiras infantis para o desenvolvimento da criança: uma construção a partir do brincar

As brincadeiras infantis fazem parte da vida de toda criança, seja na escola ou em casa. A partir desse tipo de atividade, a criança possui inúmeras possibilidades, como por exemplo, trabalhar com regras, mesmo inconscientemente, utilizar sua criatividade para criar situações diversas. Exemplo disso são as brincadeiras de faz-de-conta, onde a criança tem a possibilidade de ser quem ela quiser ou até mesmo, modificar o significado real de um determinado objeto, transformando-o em outro de acordo com seu desejo. Através do brinquedo, a criança exterioriza aquilo que ela interiorizou de sua cultura, de forma a representar o mundo em que vive. O presente estudo tem por objetivo discutir a importância das brincadeiras, para o desenvolvimento cognitivo e de linguagem da criança, levando em consideração o meio social em que vive. Onde, através de pesquisa bibliográfica será analisado a concepção de diferentes autores, que abordam essa temática e mostram que o ato de brincar deve fazer parte da infância, em benefício do desenvolvimento constante da criança

Infância, família e escola: análise dos significados da Infância e dos Direitos da Criança

This study aimed at analyzing the meanings of Children and Child Rights awarded by the kindergarten children and their educators, parents and teacher. Interest in the subject arose from the participation of the University Extension Project, conducted at the Department of Education, UNESP, Bauru, called The Rights of the Child: ECA in school. Since then, the question arose: to what extent we have visibility of meanings that educators and the child has on the Rights of the Child relating to the specifics of childhood? The research followed the tenets of qualitative research, methodological procedures and adopting the observation in a classroom from kindergarten (K II), semi-structured interview through leisure moments, with the class of aged five years and a questionnaire for family and teacher. The research adopted as reference material, studies of the area of Sociology of Childhood, History of Childhood, Public Policy, Legislation Related to the theme, and an overview of psychogenic to talk about the morality of children. The results showed that parents and caregivers understand childhood as a stage of child development, marked by jokes and fancies, in which the family and the school has an important role in this process. In what concerns the children's rights, there are contradictions in the legal aspects and the situation of children today. The results showed that children's childhood is characterized by recreational activities, and adults are responsible for caring for them. And it comes on the Rights of the Child noted that there is a confusion between rights and duties because they are in a phase of moral heteronomy. The findings indicate the need for wide dissemination on the Statute of Children and Adolescents, especially in preschools in line with families to practice it a new look at childhood, conceiving children as subjects... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Arte-educação e identidade cultural: um devir criança e o Cacuriá

Este estudo procura problematizar as compreensões e explicações à cerca da “(re)construção da identidade cultural”. Questionamos se o termo crise é apropriado para refletir sobre identidades já que elas jamais foram fixas e, assim, não podem entrar em crise. As diferentes crises que afetam o sujeito contemporâneo – econômicas, políticas, sociais, ambientais e culturais – insere em nós feixes de mal-estares, nos inquietando. E, diante de um processo de criação cultural, em permanente construção e transformação, em seu exercício direto e indireto na produção dos sujeitos e na valoração e interpretação dos significados das culturas populares, somos forçados a procurar novos caminhos e identificações da própria existência na constituição do sujeito. Neste caos existencial contemporâneo é possível observar a dificuldade de sustentar “identidades culturais”, justamente pelas características das transformações culturais dinâmicas, presente na sociedade globalizada. Tais mudanças provocam confusões no sujeito, principalmente quando este se questiona sobre sua “identidade cultural”. São muitos abalos internos e socioculturais, as denominadas “crises de identidade”. O fluxo rápido de informações e a facilidade de troca de experiências disponíveis nos dias de hoje trazem à tona a falta de referência, que desestabiliza e fragmenta a idéia de identidade do próprio indivíduo. As crenças que envolvem questões de sentido cultural estão sofrendo abalos pela velocidade das transformações que sofre o homem contemporâneo. Desta forma, as expressões livres, diversas e criativas, estão a caminho da homogeneização, sendo assim, aparenta ser impossível para alguma “identidade” resistir intacta ao massacre da cultura de massa globalizada, tida pelas políticas de subjetivação e pelas forças da indústria cultural. Neste exercício... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Propostas de Adequação Ambiental para a Cidade da Criança de Presidente Prudente - SP

The environmental issue has been considered of fundamental importance for the well being of the present and future generations and is inserted into the commitment of political parties at federal, state and municipal government programs, into the interests of popular organizations and business planning. The Parque Ecológico Cidade da Criança is one of the most sought after places for visitation at Presidente Prudente – SP. Located outside the Raposo Tavares Highway, next to the exhibition grounds and beside the agricultural school, has more than 30 acres of area with an infrastructure designed for recreation and leisure activities for all ages and has received new investment of the public power. Given the importance of the ecological aspects, the objective of this work is to perform an environmental diagnosis in order to be able to submit proposals for solving the problems encountered and improve the use of the environmental resources. Therefore, the study was divided into three foci: sewage disposal, erosion process and control of the stormwater drainage system. It was checked the discharge of sewage from the restaurant on exposed soil, erosion processes that develop at the camel and llama cages ground and erosion processes resulting from the convergence of the stormwater in the highest region of the park. Based on these studies, proposals of solution were made for each case, having considered the effectiveness of the project

Infância, família e relações educativas: os contornos dos modos de ser criança

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Percepção da criança sobre a hospitalização

Regardless of their age, hospitalized children suffer from being separated from their mothers or their attachment figures. Hospitalization is a process that is difficult for children to cope with due to their separation from families, everyday environments and embedded disease scenarios. According to age, the intensity of such suffering is related to the development phase in which a child is found. The health care professionals that are close to children, not only as concerns care provision, but also emotionally, should be knowledgeable about the mother-child attachment. emotionally, should be knowledgeable about the mother-child attachment. To evaluate children’s perception of hospitalization. The study was conducted at the pediatric hospitalization unit of the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital – UNESP by means of interviews with hospitalized children aged 7 – 12 years and by using content analysis according to Bardin. Most of the interviewed children did not like the hospital environment and reported to miss their homes. From their statements, they showed their dissatisfaction in relation to pain and their submission to invasive procedures, which were the main complaints during the interviews. Our results agree with those found in the literature in relation to the hospital environment when the children reported the fact that they missed their homes as a difficulty to adapt. The analysis of results in this study and in previous ones led to the reflection on the importance of the presence of a relative during children’s hospitalization and the adaptation process. Despite their dissatisfaction in relation to invasive procedures, none of the children tried to stop the performance of tests and understood their importance. This is a characteristic of the operational phase, which comprises the development of perception of a whole situation and is when... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)