Estudo comparativo entre cinco diferentes tratamentos sobre as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais do rato diabético induzido pela aloxana

The long-term effects of five different treatments of diabetes were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Seven experimental groups, with 50 rats each (GN--normal control; GD--untreated diabetic control; GI, GA, GIA--treated groups with insulin, acarbose, and insulin plus acarbose, respectively; GTIL, GTPD--treated groups with islet of Langerhans and pancreas transplantation) were studied. Clinical (body weight, water intake, food intake and urine output) and laboratory (blood and urinary glucose, and plasma insulin) parameters were analyzed at the beginning of the study, and after 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of follow-up. Mortality was observed in all groups, except GN, during 12 months (GD = 50%; GI = 20%; GA = 26%; GIA = 18%; GTIL = 4%; GTPD = 20%). Rats from the GD, GI, and GIA groups died due to metabolic or hydrossaline disbalance, and/or pneumonia, diarrhoea, and cachexy. All deaths observed in GTIL and GTPD groups were in decorrence of technical failure at the immediate postoperative, until 72h. Animals from the GI, GA and GIA had significative improving of the clinical and laboratory parameters (p < 0,05) observed in diabetic rats, being the efficacy of theses treatments equal. However, rats from the GTIL and GTPD groups had better control of these parameters than GI, GA, and GIA groups. Transplanted rats had complete restoration, at the normal levels, of all analyzed variables (p < 0.01). Conventional treatments with insulin, acarbose, and insulin plus acarbose improved the severe diabetic state of the alloxan-diabetic rats, but pancreas and islet transplantation have a better performance for treatment of diabetes.

Características clínicas e laboratoriais de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia versus hipertensão gestacional

Purpose: To compare clinical and laboratory characteristics, obstetric and perinatal outcomes of patients with pre-eclampsia versus gestational hypertension. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to analyze medical records of patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension whose pregnancies were resolved within a period of 5 years, for a total of 419 cases. We collected clinical and laboratory data, obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Comparisons between groups were performed using the test suitable for the variable analyzed: unpaired t test, Mann-Whitney U test or χ2test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. Results: Were evaluated 199 patients in the gestational hypertension group (GH) and 220 patients in the pre-eclampsia group (PE). Mean body mass index was 34.6 kg/m2 in the GH group and 32.7 kg/m2 in the PE group, with a significant difference between groups. The PE group showed higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure and higher rates of abnormal values in the laboratory tests, although the mean values were within the normal range. Cesarean section was performed in 59.1% of cases of PE and in 47.5% of the GH group; and perinatal outcomes in terms of gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in the PE group. Conclusion: Women with gestational hypertension exhibit epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk for chronic diseases. Patients with pre-eclampsia present clinical and laboratory parameters of greater severity, higher rates of cesarean delivery and worse maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Associação entre Síndrome de burnout, uso prejudicial de álcool e tabagismo em profissionais de enfermagem nas unidades de teripa intensiva do Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu-UNESP

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Linfoma de Hodgkin: características anátomo-clínicas e análise de novo biomarcador (IMP3)

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB

Superdotados acompanhados em serviço especializado: características clínicas, sociodemográficas e qualidade de vida

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Positividade do imunomarcador FOXP3 em células T reguladoras em lesões de micose fungoide em fases clínicas iniciais e em dermatoses inflamatórias como fator auxiliar para o diagnóstico diferencial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo comparativo entre cinco diferentes tratamentos sobre as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais do rato diabético induzido pela aloxana

OBJETIVOS: Este estudo visa a analisar os efeitos, a longo prazo, de cinco diferentes tratamentos sobre o controle metabólico de ratos diabéticos aloxânicos. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 7 grupos experimentais, com 50 ratos cada um, sendo: GN o grupo controle normal; GD o grupo controle diabético, sem tratamento; GI, GA e GIA os grupos tratados, respectivamente, com insulina, acarbose e associação insulina + acarbose; GTIL o grupo tratado com transplante de ilhotas de Langerhans; e o GTPD o grupo tratado com transplante pancreatoduodenal heterotópico. Parâmetros clínicos (peso, ingestão hídrica, ingestão alimentar e diurese) e laboratoriais (glicemia, glicose urinária e insulina plasmática) foram avaliados em todos os animais, no início do experimento, e após 1, 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses de seguimento. RESULTADOS: À exceção do GN, mortalidade foi observada em todos os grupos experimentais no seguimento de 12 meses (GD= 50%; GI= 20%; GA= 26%; GIA= 18%; GTIL= 4%; GTPD= 20%). em GD, GI, GA e GIA os óbitos ocorreram por distúrbios metabólicos ou hidroeletrolíticos e/ou pneumonia, diarréia e caquexia; em GTIL e GTPD todos os óbitos ocorreram por falhas técnicas no pós-operatório até 72h. Animais dos grupos GI, GA e GIA tiveram melhora significativa (p < 0,05) de todos os parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais observados em ratos diabéticos, sem diferença de efetividade entre os tratamentos. Porém, os resultados observados nestes grupos, biologicamente não foram comparáveis aos observados em GTIL e GTPD, onde observou-se correção completa, aos níveis normais, de todas as variáveis analisadas (p<0,01). CONCLUSÕES: Os tratamentos convencionais com insulina, acarbose e insulina + acarbose melhoraram o estado diabético grave dos ratos tratados, contudo, a eficácia dos tratamentos foi significativamente inferior à oferecida pelo GTIL e GTPD.

Plástica gengival associada à laminados cerâmicos para resolução estética

Sometimes we face clinical situations in which the lack of harmony in the smile is caused by a major exhibition of the gingival tissue. In these cases the professional should be able to perform a detailed analysis of the static and dynamic components of the smile, in search of a satisfactory planning and treatment which may include different dental specialties. For these situations, the association of periodontics/prosthesis is a viable alternative that has been used positively in search of an aesthetic and functional condition that benefits the patient, without leaving aside the preservation of periodontal tissues and of the remaining structure of the tooth. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe a case in which the association between these two areas was proposed to correct gummy smile and dental vestibularization. Clinical results and the satisfaction of the patient indicate that this multidisciplinary treatment combining periodontal and prosthetic techniques is favorable to positive results in cases of compromised smile aesthetics due to excessive gum tissue.

Saúde bucal e educação infantil: avaliação do desgaste e do acondicionamento de escovas dentárias utilizadas por pré-escolares

Introduction: Early childhood is an essential phase of life for the future of oral health. The link between educational and health sectors can facilitate incorporating educational and preventive oral health practices in daily teaching in pre-schools. The main measure is manual tooth-brushing, which is the most accessible method for most of the population. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate macroscopically the wear on the bristles, form of storage, and identification of tooth brushes. Material and method: 345 toothbrushes used by children between the ages of 2 and 5 were evaluated in 4 pre-schools, by 2 participants from the oral health program. The Rawls et al. index was used to evaluate the bristles. Result: There were statistically significant differences (p = 0.020 - Mann-Whitney U test) between the frequency of toothbrushes, with the highest being (n = 205) stored at participating school; and, between adequate and inadequate brushes (p < 0.05 - X2 test) with 31.7 and 60%, respectively, classified as unfit for tooth-brushing. Of the toothbrush holders evaluated 100% were used collectively. Regarding identification, 18% of the toothbrushes were not identified in participating schools, and 37% in the others. Conclusion: The toothbrushes exhibited marked wear, and storage was inadequate; however, the schools participating in the oral health program showed toothbrushes with bristles less worn. It is suggested that training of educators regarding correct storage and evaluation of toothbrushes for wear of the bristles should be undertaken in all early childhood schools.

Case report: Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CDLS)

The Cornélia of Lange´s syndrome is a genetic anomaly, described and published by Cornelia Catharina of Lange in 1933, however, their aspects were described previously by Winfried Robert Clemens Brechmann in 1916, that’s why it is also known as Brachmann of Lange’s syndrome. The most frequent clinical characteristics include typical face dismorfia, variable degree of mental delay, anomalies of the hands and feet, multiple malformations, retardation of the pre and postnatal physical development and microcephaly variable intellectual compromising. Some facial characteristics are peculiar and they are mixed with the inherited lines of their own family, the united brows, the long lashes, the small nose, the round face, the fine lips and lightly inverted. As oral manifestations they present micrognathia, dental crowding, periodontal disease, delayed dental eruption, enamel hypoplasia, erosion of the enamel and dentine caused by stomach acids of the gastroesophageal reflux and atresia of the dental arches. The purpose of this paper is to present a clinical report of a boy bearer of this syndrome assisted at CAOE - FOA - UNESP, emphasizing the importance of multiprofessional team for the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome.

Odontoma em pacientes odontopediátrico: diagnóstico e tratamento. Relato de caso clínico.

Odontoma is a term that refers to a benign tumor of odontogenic and mixed nature, composed of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Histologically, they are compounds of different configurations including dental enamel, dentin, cementum and in some cases the pulp tissue. A slow growing asymptomatic tumor, odontoma is usually discovered through routine radiographic examination. A 3-year old male patient sought care at the School of Dentistry’s Baby Clinic (UNESP-Araçatuba), complaining of “small ball close to the teeth.” During the interview, the mother reported that the lesion was observed soon after a trauma, and evolved in less than one month. An ulcerated lesion with a 0.8 cm diameter was found during intraoral clinical examination. It was located in the inferior and anterior region of the mouth, between teeth 81 and 82, and there was also crown distalization. A radiographic examination showed a radiolucent area and root distance. In the absence of clinical and radiographic characteristics suggesting a case of odontoma, the differential diagnosis was peripheral giant cell lesion and pyogenic granuloma. So the area was punctured. Nonetheless, due to the absence of liquid, the surgical removal of the lesion was performed, followed by histological examination, which showed the definite diagnosis of a suggestive case of emerging odontoma.

Extrações seriadas: protocolo e inplicações clínicas

A Ortodontia é uma especialidade da Odontologia que visa, entre seus diversos objetivos, proporcionar uma arcada dentária alinhada, estável e funcional. A discrepância dentoalveolar negativa em indivíduos na fase de dentição mista apresenta alta prevalência e requer a utilização de métodos de tratamento que proporcionem a obtenção de espaço. As extrações seriadas constituem uma solução adequada, mas frequentemente questionada quanto às indicações, contraindicações e sequência apropriada. Assim, o propósito deste artigo é apresentar uma discussão, embasada na literatura pertinente, dos principais fatores envolvidos com esse procedimento e ilustrar esta terapia por meio de um caso clínico.

Anaeróbios do complexo vermelho de Socransky e infecções bucais em pacientes com imunocomprometimento: características clínicas e prognóstico do tratamento

Os anaeróbios obrigatórios que compõem o complexo vermelho de Socransky são reconhecidos pelo seu envolvimento nas doenças periodontais humanas, mas em pacientes imunocomprometidos os mesmos parecem estar associados a quadros sépticos mais graves e de tratamento mais complexo. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência de Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf) e Treponema denticola (Td) no biofilme, mucosas e saliva de 160 pacientes HIV+, 5 pacientes leucêmicos, 50 pacientes submetidos à radioterapia para tratamento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço e sua correlação com sintomatologia clínica. Amostras de biofilme sub e supragengival, saliva e mucosas foram coletadas após a realização do exame clínico intrabucal. Após a extração do DNA, a detecção desses microrganismos era realizada por PCR. Esses patógenos foram detectados de todos os espécimes clínicos de pacientes com necrose de tecidos moles bucais. Nos pacientes HIV+, a frequência de detecção de Pg e Tf entre pacientes com periodontite foi 2,8 e 2,1 vezes mais elevada do que a observada nos indivíduos periodontalmente saudáveis. T. denticola foi detectado apenas nos sítios com necrose, supuração e perda óssea pronunciada. Pg e Tf se mostraram associados com perda óssea e sangramento gengival. A presença desses microrganismos esteve associada a odor fétido e dor, o que pode auxiliar o clínico na escolha de antimicrobianos como auxiliares do tratamento, devendo-se evitar o emprego de β-lactâmicos, podendo-se associar essas drogas ao metronidazol.

Descarte dos componentes de filmes radiográficos e aventais de chumbo utilizados nas clínicas odontológica ou radiológica

Várias resoluções e leis visam minimizar e/ou adequar os resíduos gerados, dentre outros aspectos. Nesse sentido, a Disciplina de Radiologia, funcionários que trabalham no setor e docentes ligados a biossegurança e sustentabilidade ambiental estudaram as referidas normas e leis, além de artigos científicos relacionados ao descarte dos resíduos gerados em radiologia para realizar o descarte correto desses materiais e para orientar e conscientizar os acadêmicos sobre o assunto. Verificou-se que os resíduos gerados com a radiografia convencional são considerados resíduos químicos (tipo B) e devem ser descartado separadamente dos resíduos tipo A (infectantes), C (radioativos), D (comum) e dos E (perfuro-cortantes), visto que podem ser reutilizados, recuperados ou reciclados, e em última instância, podem ser dispostos em aterro de resíduos perigosos Classe I.

Implicações clínicas da doença de Lyme em região facial: revisão da literatura

Lyme disease (LD) is a systemic infl ammatory changes resulting from direct action and the immune response to the spirochete Borrelia burgdoferi transmitted by inoculation of the fl ow of the genus Ixodes tick and is most commonly found in North America, Europe and Asia. This disease can lead to facial and peripheral neurological manifestations, such as Bell’s palsy, eye changes, disorders in the temporo-mandibular joint in addition to paresthesia of superior and inferior alveolar nerves. In Brazil, the diagnosis of LD is primarily based on clinical presentation, the erythema migrans skin, and epidemiological information of the patient. Recognition of the onset of the DL by health professionals is essential for the correct antibiotic treatment preventing the progression of the disease, and also relevant preventive guidelines for those living or working in endemic areas.