Leucograma e metabolismo oxidativo de neutrófilos em cabras da raça Saanen nos períodos de gestação, parto e pós-parto

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the leukocyte count and the oxidative metabolism of neutrophil in Saanen goats during periods of pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. Were used 20 Saanen goats, clinically healthy and serologically negative for caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture 49 (M1), 42 (M2), 35 (M3), 28 (M4), 21 (M5), 14 (M6), seven (M7), three (M8) days before the parturition, on the day of birth (M9), three (M10) and seven (M11) days postpartum, for the leukocyte count, and serum for cortisol, estradiol and progesterone determination. From 28 days (M4) before parturition until seven days postpartum (M11) blood samples were collected for evaluation of oxidative metabolism of neutrophils by the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT). The results showed that at parturition day there were an increase in cortisol and estradiol levels and a decrease in progesterone serum, neutrophilic leukocytosis and left shift slight, decrease of lymphocytes, increase in the neutrophil: lymphocyte, eosinopenia, monocytosis and basophilia. There was a neutrophilic leukocytosis and an increase in the neutrophil: lymphocyte on the seventh day postpartum. There were not significant alterations in oxidative metabolism of neutrophils during pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. It was concluded that parturition causes an elevation in cortisol and estradiol levels and a decrease in progesterone serum determining a neutrophilic leukocytosis and left shift slight, with a reduction of lymphocytes, increase in the neutrophil:lymphocyte, eosinopenia, monocytosis and basophilia. Neutrophilic leukocytosis, increase in the neutrophil: lymphocyte and fibrinogen are detected on the seventh day postpartum. Pregnancy, parturition and the postpartum do not change the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils evaluated by NBT reduction test.

Padronização do Elisa indireto e Western Blot para diagnóstico da artrite-encefalite caprina

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is routinely diagnosed with the Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) technique, which is considered to have low sensitivity. The objective of this study was to standardize testing i-Elisa and Western Blot for early detection of antibodies against CAEV in goats and compare the results obtained in these tests with proof of AGID. For standardization of i-Elisa and WB, different concentrations and dilutions of antigen, sera and conjugate were used. In the i-Elisa, rigid microplate with 96 wells was adopted, and the combination that showed the best result was a concentration of 0.5µg/ well of antigen and dilutions of the serum of 1:100 and conjugate of 1:1500. In the WB nitrocellulose membranes were used, and the dilutions of the serum were defined at 1:50 and conjugate at 1:15000. To evaluate the performance of the techniques, 222 goat serum samples were tested and the data were compared with the AGID. The sensitivity and specificity of Elisa-i/IDGA, WB/AGID and WB/Elisa-i were 70% and 91%, 100% and 72.6%, 84.6% and 76.5%, concomitantly. The Kappa index of these tests was 0.35, 0.2 and 0.36, respectively. The i-Elisa and WB techniques were more sensitive than the AGID and can be used as tools for early diagnosis of CAE.

Plantas medicinais abortivas utilizadas por mulheres de UBS: etnofarmacologia e análises cromatográficas por CCD e CLAE

The use of medicinal plants corresponds to an ancient practice, either as an alternative medicine for the cure of several diseases, or as a method of abortion. Nevertheless, the population in general does not know the risks involved in the use of medicinal plants. In this sense, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the consumption rate of medicinal plants by women in a Basic Health Unit (BHU), on order to identify which plant species have been most frequently consumed by them, including during the pregnancy. Through an exploratory questionnaire with 48 women, it was observed that most part of the interviewees had children and the most of them cited Peumus boldus, Baccharis trimera and Cassia angustifolia, which were mainly used for stomach aches or digestives (53%), for colds (23%), menstrual cramps (4%) or to menstruate (2%). The remaining part of the study consisted in the visual and chemical analysis of the plant species cited by the interviewees, including other species that have been popularly used as a method of abortion. Comparative visual analysis of medicinal plants (Group A-C) from four different shops showed the absence of quality control concerning packing specifications and the separation of the plant material to be consumed. The analysis of the chemical profiles of these samples by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) indicated that those species belonging to the Group C were significantly different from those plants having the same identification, except for Peumus boldus, whose samples were similar in terms of chemical composition.

Efeitos da deriva de clomazone, aplicado isoladamente ou em mistura com ametryn, sobre características produtivas de laranjeira 'Hamlin'

This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing clomazone (sprayed alone or in mixture with ametryn) drift simulation on quantitative and qualitative aspects of orange production when applied at two developmental plant stages: flowering and initial fruit development (fruits 2 cm diameter or smaller). Increasing drifts of clomazone, in two formulations, and clomazone in mixtures with ametryn were tested. Fruit morphological features, fruit color, flower and fruit abortion and leaf chlorophyll content were evaluated. Simulated drift similar to the recommended dose of clomazone and clomazone plus ametryn caused fruit abortion in citrus at the stage of fruits 2 cm diameter or smaller. Lower drift doses did not result in fruit abortion. Fruit diameter reduction was observed with drift off above 25% of clomazone alone recommended rate and 50% when in mixture with ametryn or in microcapsule formulation. Clomazone drift at 50% of the recommended rate (alone or in mixture with ametryn ) caused clorotic and necrotic spots in the fruit peel. Drift did not affect juice quality in any of the treatments tested.

Unravelling the Neospora caninum secretome through the secreted fraction (ESA) and quantification of the discharged tachyzoite using high-resolution mass spectrometry-based proteomics

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reproductive performance of Santa Ines ewes during dry and rainy seasons in eastern Amazon

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Supplementary corpora lutea monitoring allows progestin treatment interruption on day 70 of pregnancy in non-cyclic recipient mares

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pregnancy Monitoring of In Vitro Produced Embryos in Buffaloes

In the present study, pregnancies obtained from 115 in vitro produced embryos were monitored by ultrasonography on days 30 and 60 after embryo transfer (ET), and at calving. Additionally, the health of newborns and recipients were also evaluated. On day 30 after ET, positive pregnancy was diagnosed in 50 animals (43.5%). A total of 8 fetal mortalities (16.0%) were verified from 30 days until calving, in which 2 occurred from 30 to 60 days after ET (4.0%), and 6 occurred from 60 days until calving (12.0%). In this last period of pregnancy, 3 pregnancy losses were due to abortion, and the other 3 were stillbirth. One additional animal was eliminated from the study, remaining 41 pregnancies. From these 41 pregnancies, a total of 20 female calves (48.8%) and 21 male calves (51.2%) were born. Pregnancies from female and male calves had a mean length of 309.8 and 310.9 days, respectively (range 300 to 328 days, and 297 to 320 days, respectively). Weight at calving was a mean of 31.4 and 33.8 kg for female and male calves, respectively. All calving occurred without intervention and dystocia was not observed in any case. No large offspring syndrome, hydramnios, hydroallantois, or umbilical cord anomalies were observed in calves. Delivery was normal in all recipients, and no puerperal infections, or retained placenta occurred. Suckling assistance was not necessary in any newborn. All genetic pedigree was confirmed later by DNA tests.

Carbohydrate production and transport in cotton cultivars grown under boron deficiency

An adequate supply of boron (B) is required for the optimal growth and development of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants, but the low phloem mobility of B limits the possibilities of correcting B deficiency. There are indications that different cotton cultivars could have different responses to B deficiency. The differences in responses of cotton cultivars to B regarding photoassimilate production and transport were studied in a greenhouse experiment with nutrient solution. Treatments consisted of three cotton cultivars (FMT 701, DP 604BG and FMX 993) and five concentrations of B (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mu mol L-1). Sampling began at the phenological stage B1 (first square) and continued for four weeks. The leaf area and the number of reproductive branches and structures decreased due to B deficiency. A higher level of abortion of reproductive structures was observed under B deficiency. Boron deficiency increased the internal CO2 concentration but decreased the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. Despite the decrease in photosynthesis, nonstructural carbohydrates accumulated in the leaves due to decreased export to bolls in B-deficient plants. The response to B deficiency is similar among cotton cultivars, which shows that the variability for this trait is low even for cultivars with different genetic backgrounds.

Abortamento de frutos da nogueira macadâmia sob influência da adubação mineral

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Transporte placentário via cavéola na placenta de bovinos clonados e transgênicos

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

A comparative study of production performance and animal health practices in organic and conventional dairy systems

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Rubella Vaccination of Unknowingly Pregnant Women: The Sao Paulo Experience, 2001

Background. Rubella vaccination is contraindicated during pregnancy. During mass immunization of women of childbearing age against rubella, women unknowingly pregnant may be vaccinated. To evaluate the effects of rubella vaccination during pregnancy, the Brazilian state of Sao Paulo conducted a follow-up study of pregnant women vaccinated during a rubella campaign in 2001.Methods. Women vaccinated during pregnancy were reported to a national surveillance system. In the state of Sao Paulo, follow-up of vaccinated women included household interviews. Serum samples from vaccinated women were tested for antirubella antibodies to classify susceptibility to rubella infection. Children born to susceptible mothers were tested for evidence of congenital rubella infection and evaluated for signs of congenital rubella syndrome.Results. The Sao Paulo State Health Department received 6473 notifications of women vaccinated during pregnancy. Serology performed for 5580 women identified 811 (15%) that were previously susceptible. Incidence of spontaneous abortion or stillbirth among previously susceptible vaccinated women was similar to women with prior immunity. Twenty-seven (4.7%) of 580 newborns tested had evidence of congenital rubella infection; none had congenital rubella syndrome.Conclusions. Mass rubella vaccination of women of childbearing age was not associated with adverse birth outcomes or congenital rubella syndrome among children born to women vaccinated during pregnancy.

Estudo dos fatores de risco e prevalência de cervicite por Chlamydia trachomatis em adolescentes do município de Botucatu, São Paulo

Some characteristics and behaviors, that are of young, as a tendency to rebel and take risks, deviating from the rules of society, makes it vulnerable to many detrimental aspects, such as may indiscriminate use of alcohol and drugs, practicing unsafe sex and having multiple partners, which cause, among another complications, sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The Chlamydia trachomatis causes chlamydial infection, is one of the most recurrent STD of the world. Several risk factors are already defined for Chlamydial infection, among them, age under 25 years old and sexual behavior of the risk. The objective was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia infection cervicitis in adolescent females of the Botucatu, São Paulo, and risk factors associated with this infection. It is cross-sectional study, of the populational basis, performed together the nineteen basic health units of the Botucatu, São Paulo. The data were obtained through clinical interviews and gynecological examination on samples collected for laboratory analysis. The research of C. trachomatis was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This report presents preliminary data, which represent 19% of the sample checked. Were interviewed 37 adolescents with a mean age of 17 years (between 15th and 19th years old), average of years studied of the 8,19, 40% of the families lived on less than a minimum wage by person and 24,3% dosen’t has ownership of the house where they live. Mean age of first sexual intercourse of 14 years (between 12th and 16th years old), 24,3% regularly used condoms, 5,4% had a premature birth and 8,1% reported abortion. 75,7% had any complaints in the gynecological exam, pain in lower abdomen, the most prevalent. The prevalence of vulvovaginitis or vaginal flora altered was 54,1%. The prevalence of infection by C. trachomatis was 58%. Presence content was associated infection chlamydial and age... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Etiopatogênia da artrite-encefalite caprina e estratégias para seu controle

The arthritis-encephalitis caprine vírus is found at mostly areas of the world, especially at the countries that milk goats is strongly tecnific, and already was found in many brasilian states. The illness causes greats econimics prejudice, influencing badly the productive life time of the flock, related with the low production, decrease of the reproductive performance and lost of the genetic potential, determining constants flock’s renew. Many authors calls the atention for the probable dissemination of the illness and reinforce the necessity of the adoption strong sanitary politics for the illnes control. The controls programs, basically, based on knowledeg of the target-cells, that keep and distribute the virus on the guests organisms; on the transmition way; on sensibility and specificity of the sorologics tests, as well as your frequency of realitation in the flock; and after all on the management that the flock is submeted