Síntese de pró-fármacos derivados de metronidazol

Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - FCFAR

Efeito do uso do cogumelo Agaricus brasiliensis no estado nutricional, na frequência e intensidade dos efeitos adversos da terapia medicamentosa e na resposta bioquímica hepática em indivíduos com hepatite crônica pelo vírus C: estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego, placebo controlado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Detecção de glicoconjugados de lecitinas em neoplasias mamárias caninas

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Avaliação do conhecimento farmacoterápico de médicos e graduandos em medicina humana

Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

Incidentes relacionados a medicamentos em uma instituição hospitalar: subsídios para a gestão

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

Punção aspirativa de linfonodo axilar guiada pela ultrassonografia é eficaz como método de predição de acometimento linfonodal em pacientes com câncer de mama?

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a viabilidade e acurácia diagnóstica da ultrassonografia pré-operatória combinada com biopsia por agulha fina (US-PAAF) e do exame clínico da axila em pacientes com câncer de mama.MÉTODOS: Neste estudo prospectivo 171 axilas de pacientes com câncer de mama foram avaliadas pelo exame clínico e ultrassonografia (US) com e sem biopsia por agulha fina (PAAF). Os linfonodos com espessura cortical maior que 2,3 mm na ultrassonografia foram considerados suspeitos e submetidos a US-PAAF.RESULTADOS: A análise de regressão logística não mostrou correlação estatisticamente significativa entre exame clínico e axilas positivas no exame patológico. Em relação à avaliação axilar com US, o risco de achados anatomopatológicos positivos aumentou 12,6 vezes, valor Kappa de Cohen foi de 0,12 para exame clínico, 0,48 para US e 0,80 para US-PAAF. A acurácia foi de 61,4% para o exame clínico, 73,1% para os US e 90,1% para US-PAAF. Análise Receiver Operating Chracteristics (ROC) mostrou que uma espessura de 2,75 mm cortical correspondeu à mais elevada sensibilidade e especificidade na predição metástase axilar (82,7 e 82,2%, respectivamente).CONCLUSÕES: A US combinada com aspiração por agulha fina é mais precisa que o exame clínico na avaliação do status axilar no pré-operatório em mulheres com câncer de mama. Aquelas que são US-PAAF positivo podem ser direcionadas para esvaziamento linfonodal axilar imediatamente, e somente aqueles que são US-PAAF negativos devem ser considerados para biópsia de linfonodo sentinela.

Positive effects of auditory cue in locomotor pattern of people with Parkinson's disease (off and on medication)

Gait disorders are identified in people with Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of auditory cues and medication on kinematic, kinetic and EMG parameters, during different gait phases of people with PD and healthy elderly. Thirty subjects distributed in two groups (Group 1, PD patients off and on medication; Group 2, healthy elderly) participated in this study and were instructed to walk in two experimental conditions: non-cued and cued. Therefore, kinematic, kinetic and electromyography analyses were utilized to investigate the locomotor pattern. Changes in locomotor pattern (greater muscular activity) with auditory cue were observed for PD patients. Regarding the medication, locomotor parameter improvement was observed after levodopa intake in association with the auditory cue. These results confirm the hypothesis about the external cues therapy that could be used as a complement to drug therapy to achieve improvement in the locomotor pattern of PD patients.

Eventos adversos em terapia medicamentosa em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva - UTI

Due to the complexity and instability of clinical conditions of ICU patients, the drug therapy applied in this type of environment requires a combination of several prescribed drugs, which is a favorable condition for drug interaction, toxic synergism and possible iatrogenia. In the possible universe of ICU occurrences, this study aimed at identifying and evaluating the incidence of adverse events in drug therapy at the Intensive Care Therapy Service (SETI) in wards I and II. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective and quantitative study conducted from August to September, 2011 in the Intensive Care Service of the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital - UNESP. The population consisted of fifteen clinical nurses, including those in the Improvement and Volunteer Internship Programs, who contributed to the investigation after signing an informed consent form and according to approval by the Research Ethics Committee number 10711/CE - FMB. The data were entered on a form and analyzed. Results showed that, on average, 8.9% of events/day occurred, and the highest frequency was observed on August 04, 2011. 63% and 22% were respectively observed in the morning and afternoon shifts, and 15% in the night shift. 48% of these were due to administration time errors, followed by drug prescription and dispensation errors, with percentages of 22% and 18%, respectively. Antibiotics showed the highest frequency of adverse events - 18%, which was followed by 13% for anticoagulant, 11% for antiemetic and 10% for antiulcerative drugs. As regards the occurrence of adverse events related to hospitalization time, the highest frequency occurred in patients who were hospitalized for 10 days. Concerning the ratio between reported events and the number of items in the prescription, the highest frequency of events was related to prescriptions with 20 items... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Tratamento farmacológico da epilepsia em cães

Seizure is a clinical manifestation of abnormal neuronal hyperactivity of the cerebral cortex, presentation clinical varies according to the location and extent of the brain. The classic seizure begins with an inicial period, named prodrome, followed by the aura, the ictus and finally the post-ictus phase. Seizures can be generalized or focal/partial types. Focal seizures with secondary generalization are the most common type in dogs. The seizure can be divided etiologically in intracraneal (idiopathic epilepsy; sintomatic; probably sintomatic epilepsy) and extracraneal disorders. After determining the etiology of seizures and critical analysis of the frequency, severity, and worry they cause to the owner, you should make the decision whether to launch an anticonvulsant drug therapy. Although the ideal is the elimination of seizures, the real goal should be to decrease the frequency and intensity of crises, without affecting the quality of life of patients taking the drugs used side effects acceptable. The veterinary should consider the bioavailability of the drug, contraindications, toxicity, drug interactions, the amount of daily administration, the availability of the owner and the cost of therapy. Seizures can be controlled in about 70- 80% of the dogs and in the majority of the cats when treated with Phenobarbital alone. Addition of a second drug (usually potassium bromide), decreases the number of seizures in more that 50% in about 70-80% of dogs. However, approximately 20-30% of dogs are refractory to this treatment. In these cases, it will be necessary to think in other pharmacological alternatives, like felbamate, gabapentin, levetiracetam, zonisamid, among others. It has been concluded that... (Complete abstract click eletronic access below)

Considerações anestésicas para realização da cirurgia de facoemulsificação em cães

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in dogs. It is defined as an opacity in the lens and is independent of resulting visual deficit. Although there are a growing number of studies related to drug therapy of cataract, the treatment is still considered exclusively surgical. Among the techniques used to remove cataract, phacoemulsification is the best performer. Anesthesia in intraocular surgery has several peculiarities, which are essential to successfully conduct phacoemulsification in dogs. In these patients, a safe and effective anesthesia requires the maintenance of intraocular pressure close to normal, preventing the activation of the oculo-cardiac reflex and complete immobilization of the eye. The appropriate conditions for such surgical procedures can be established through the use of drugs from different pharmacological groups for premedication, induction and maintenance of anesthesia, making a balanced anesthesia. This work was compiled from a careful review of the literature on anesthesia in cataract surgery. Considerations on the pre-medication, induction and maintenance of anesthesia are discussed, aiming to contribute to the phacoemulsification becomes more safe and suitable for the anesthesiologist and the surgeon as well as comfortable for dogs undergoing surgery

Percepção dos portadores de hanseníase acerca do auto cuidado

This study aimed at evaluating the perception of leprosy patients, the disease, with regard to its concept and self-care practice, as well as their knowledge concerning drug therapy. Fifteen patients participated in the study, of whom 11 were classified as multibacillary and 04 as paucibacillary. Semi-structure interviews containing six guiding questions were used for data collection, and the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) was utilized as a theoretical framework. Analysis was performed based on the Theory of Complexity. It showed that patients suffer pain, a fact that is reflected on the need to change habits and prevent disability. It also showed that patients have doubts and feel insecure about treatment and prognosis, and that they are also the target of social prejudice even thought the term leprosy has been replaced by Hansen‟s disease. As regards self-care, the subjects showed lack of autonomy, limitations and subjection to instructions from health care professionals, who, according to the discourse that emerged, are mostly responsible for transmitting the knowledge concerning self-care practice. This fact can be explained by evidence of self-knowledge deficit by the the subjects. Concerning polychemotherapy treatment, which is recommended by the Ministry of Health, it was observed that the knowledge concerning its action and adverse effects is precarious. This information is provided during consultation; however, CSD showed that the subjects do not apprehend it. Therefore, health care professionals must instruct their clients not only as regards conventional treatment practices, but they must also help them to know themselves and to improve their critical judgment so that they can choose the best form of living after being diagnosed with the disease, thus guiding self-care by taking such choice into account

Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhland: caracterização biológica e prospecção terapêutica do extrato metanólico incorporado ou não em sistema nanoestruturado para aplicação no tratamento da candidíase vulvovaginal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Perfil da farmacoterapia utilizada por idosos institucionalizados: uma análise dos problemas relacionados ao uso de medicamentos em instituições de longa permanência para idosos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alveolar bone dynamics in osteoporotic rats treated with raloxifene or alendronate: confocal microscopy analysis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Disintegration of magnetic tablets in human stomach evaluated by alternate current biosusceptometry

Oral administration is the most convenient route for drug therapy. The knowledge of the gastrointestinal transit and specific site for drug delivery is a prerequisite for development of dosage forms. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that is possible to monitor the disintegration process of film-coated magnetic tablets by multi-sensor alternate current Biosusceptometry (ACB) in vivo and in vitro. This method is based on the recording of signals produced by the magnetic tablet using a seven sensors array and signal-processing techniques. The disintegration was confirmed by signals analysis in healthy human volunteers' measurements and in vitro experiments. Results showed that ACB is efficient to characterize the disintegration of dosage forms in the stomach, being a research tool for the development of new pharmaceutical dosage forms.