Oferta educacional nas creches e parcerias público-privado nos municípios paulistas de 100.000 a 500.000 habitantes

Este trabalho, financiado pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), identifica, caracteriza e analisa, no conjunto dos municípios paulistas de 100.000 a 500.000 habitantes, os diferentes arranjos institucionais firmados entre o Poder Público Municipal e instituições privadas para a oferta educacional em creches, bem como verificar as implicações do FUNDEB - Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação - na performance das matrículas na educação infantil da rede pública e privada. O período considerado para o presente estudo foi entre 2000 e 2009. O início do período em 2000 se justifica pelo prazo final estabelecido pela LDB 9394/96 para integração das creches aos respectivos sistemas de ensino ser dezembro de 1999. Já o término do período em 2009 possibilita identificar alterações nas matrículas em creches após a instituição do FUNDEB. Desta forma utilizamos como procedimento teórico-metodológico o levantamento e análise bibliográfica, contatos telefônicos diretos com os gestores municipais para coletar informações sobre as parcerias, dados disponibilizados no Banco de Dados do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Política Educacional (GREPPE), sites oficiais dos municípios e sites governamentais. Constitui-se este trabalho como parte integrante da pesquisa “Oferta Educacional nas creches: Arranjos Institucionais entre o Público e o Privado” financiada pelo CNPq e coordenada pela Profª Drª Raquel Fontes Borghi. O estudo realizado nos permitiu observar diferentes arranjos institucionais entre o Poder Público Municipal com instituições privadas, sendo visível a expansão de parcerias com instituições privadas com fins lucrativos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Estudo da tecnologia e processos de extração em poços de petróleo

The analysis of the extraction process in oil wells is presented exploring the challenges to the effectiveness of the procedure is shown step by step in the process. There is an analysis of the major tools and equipment needed in the drilling process, promoting the understanding of the challenges in the pre-salt layers, compared to conventional processes. The work is reinforced through studies of the influence of the corrosive compared not corrosive environment in drill strings

Eficiência das resinas XAD4 e C18 na extração de compostos mutagênicos presentes em efluente de refinaria de petróleo para a realização do Teste de Ames

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Parcerias entre municípios paulistas e a esfera privada para a aquisição de sistemas de ensino apostilados na educação infantil

This paper analyses the partnership among cities of São Paulo „state and the private sector to acquire material for children school. Our study was based on data gathered during the research “Municipal Strategy to the offering of the basic education: Public-Private relationship analysis in the São Paulo „state”, supported by FAPESP. The results, confirming previous works (ADRIÃO, 2007 e 2008), show that the join on this kind of partnership grew from 2006 and will become a tendency in the Educational system, even on the education step where it have been discussed about the standardization of the pedagogic material.

Toxicidade de petróleo bruto sobre microcrustáceo Daphnia similis em água de rio e água de produção de petróleo

Aquatic ecosystems are suffering many impacts caused by human activities resulting from the activities occurring around them. With technological progress observed in recent years, this environment has received large amounts of chemicals from industries, agriculture and urban area that affect the aquatic biota. Among these sources of contamination, the oil industry has contributed to the pollution of aquatic environments with both effluents as produced water well as oil spills and their derivatives having toxicity to various organisms. With all the environmental issues has increased concern about water quality and has been used ecotoxicological tests with aquatic organisms to ecosystems to assess the toxicity of chemicals present in the water. In this context the microcrustacea Daphnia similis stands out as a freshwater organism very representative of the aquatic fauna of rivers and high sensitivity to environmental impacts. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the lethal toxicity of crude oil and produced water on this microcrustacea. The results showed that the microcrustacea presented high sensitivity to contaminants primarily crude oil. There was also the influence of environmental variables pH and temperature on the survival of organisms

XSOFT: estudo de reconhecimento, exploração e prevenção de vulnerabilidades de software através de uma distribuição LINUX

This work aims to give greater visibility to the issue of software security, due to people talk a lot in security conferences, that much of both IT (Information Technology) staff and, more specifically, IS (Information Security) staff does not know this, and, thanks to the spread of the mobile computing and of the cloud computing, this lack of deeper knowledge on this subject is increasingly becoming worrisome. It aims too, make applications to be developed in a security manner, priorizing the security of the information processed. It attempts to demonstrate the secure coding techniques, the principles of software security, the means to identify software vulnerabilities, the cutting-edge software exploitation techniques and the mechanisms of mitigation. Nowadays, the security guys are in charge of the most of the security tests in applications, audits and pentests, and it is undeniable that the so-called security experts, most often come from computer network field, having few experience in software development and programming. Therefore, the development process does not consider the security issue, thanks to the lack of knowledge on the subject by the developer, and the security tests could be improved whether security experts had a greater know-how on application development. Given this problem, the goal here is to integrate information security with software development, spreading out the process of secure software development. To achieve this, a Linux distribution with proof of concept applicati... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise dos royalties do petróleo sob a perspectiva jurídica

This research aims to discuss the division of royalties from a legal perspective and its substitute role towards the non-taxation at source, in other words the taxation of destiny at the Brazilian petroleum industry. The analysis aims to deal with the historical evolution in relation to the aspect of royalties’ payment and its deviation of compensatory character in order to supply the ICMS function. There are some specific study objects in this research: 1. how the transformation of royalties’ payment led to financial compensation; 2. to whom the transference of mineral rent belongs – to the UNIÃO or to the fortunate regions which the oil is extracted; 3. would a tax reform be enough to minimize the competition of States and Cities towards the royalties? The research aims to clarify the real expectation that States have on the royalties’ payment. There is no compensation for damage to the environment as it is stated by the initial characteristic of the Constitution, and, by the contrast, from a compensatory character, there is a lacking of taxation from the sector mentioned before, this fact damages the producing states checked out by this research

Estratégias municipais para oferta da educação básica: análise de parcerias público-privado no município de Itirapina

Este Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso refere-se ao estudo de um caso e está inserido ao âmbito do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Política Educacional (Greppe) que, realiza estudos e pesquisas referentes ao projeto “Estratégias Municipais para a Oferta da Educação Básica: análise de parcerias público-privado no Estado de São Paulo”. O período da pesquisa é de 1997-2006, período de vigência do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino Fundamental e de Valorização do Magistério (Fundef). O objetivo é estudar e analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelo município de Itirapina para a oferta da Educação Básica, especificamente na etapa da Educação Infantil, ou seja, estudar e analisar as parcerias (acordos) lá existentes, sua natureza e modalidade. Quais os fatores que levaram a Prefeitura de Itirapina a firmar convênio para oferta de vagas em instituições privadas filantrópicas (creches) e qual a normalização para estes convênios. Sabe-se que estas instituições já atendem as matrículas das creches e pré-escolas há muitos anos, antes mesmo do convênio formal que se iniciou em 2000. Estudar as implicações que as políticas públicas educacionais trouxeram para a oferta da primeira etapa da Educação Básica no período analisado, como a vinculação de recursos financeiros destinados a Educação e sua distribuição pelo Fundef é imprescindível na compreensão do quadro em que se encontra a Educação Infantil no município, principalmente a primeira etapa que atende às crianças na faixa etária de 0 a 3 anos em creches (conveniadas). A perspectiva de melhorias apontada pelo Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (Fundeb), que, distribuirá recursos financeiros para esta etapa da educação, já tão penalizada ao longo da história, traz a certeza de mudanças, porém, ainda... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Foraminíferos de manguezais do rio Curimataú (RN): estudos sinecológicos com aplicação no setor de petróleo e gás

O sistema estuarino do Rio Curimataú, uma planície lamosa amplamente coberta por vegetação de mangue e relativamente pouco impactada, foi estudado quanto à distribuição espacial da microfauna de foraminíferos e suas condicionantes. Vinte e cinco gêneros e quarenta espécies foram identificadas a partir dos sedimentos superficiais, considerando-se os indivíduos vivos e mortos presentes em 10 pontos ao longo do estuário, dos quais se extraíram ao menos 100 espécimes por amostra. O sistema pôde ser compartimentado em quatro sub-ambientes halínicos (hiperhalino, mesohalino, polihalino e euhalino), correspondentes, respectivamente, a quatro ecofácies de foraminíferos designadas de Ammotium spp., Miliammina fusca, Arenoparrella mexicana e Ammonia spp. Cada um destes segmentos ambientais foi caracterizado segundo os padrões de riqueza, diversidade e equitatividade das espécies. Os resultados deste estudo poderão servir para comparações a serem feitas com outros estuários tropicais modernos (impactados antropicamente ou não) e antigos. Tem aplicação, portanto, no setor de petróleo e gás, sendo de interesse às atividades de gestão ambiental de áreas litorâneas e de investigação da história geológica das bacias sedimentares

Avaliação da tenacidade em um aço microligado, grau API, para aplicação em linhas dutoviárias de petróleo e gás

In order to study the mechanical properties of micro alloyed steel API 5L X70, a material used to manufacture pipes for pipeline transportation lines for use in oil and gas, a study was made of toughness, tensile strength, impact strength, hardness and microstructure steel. To perform these various tests were made where they can acquire the characteristics of the material. Were performed at the Faculty of Engineering in Guaratinguetá in the Department of Materials and Technology and the tensile tests, Charpy impact test, metallography and hardness testing of material API 5L X70, all tests were done with the help of technical laboratories. With these data can be an analysis of the material about his tenacity, his toughness and fragility, its hardness, its yield strength and its maximum voltage. After being asked the analyzes discussed the results showed that the micro alloyed steel API 5L X70 steel is a very tenacious, it absorbs impact energy of 300 Joules though without a break for the full body of evidence showing its tenacity

Parcerias entre municípios paulistas e entidades privadas com fins lucrativos para a oferta de educação infantil: análise dos instrumentos jurídicos adotados

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Estudo sobre uma turbina a gás instalada em uma refinaria de petróleo

The gas turbine (GT) is known to have: low cost of capital over the amount of energy, high flexibility, high reliability, short delivery time, commissioning and commercial operation at the beginning and quick departure. The gas turbine is also recognized for its superior environmental performance, manifested in air pollution containment and reducing greenhouse gases (Mahi, 1994). Gas turbines in simple cycle mode (SC) have long been used by utilities to limited power generation peak. In addition, manufacturing facilities use gas turbines for power generation units on site, often in combination with the process of heat production, such as hot water and steam process. In recent years, the performance of industrial gas turbines has been improved due to significant investments in research and development, in terms of fuel to electricity conversion efficiency, plant capacity, availability and reliability. The greater availability of energy resources such as natural gas (NG), the significant reduction of capital costs and the introduction of advanced cycles, have also been a success factor for the increased use of gas turbines to load applications base (Poulikas, 2004). Open Cycle Gas Turbine with a greater degree of heat to the atmosphere may alternatively be used to produce additional electricity using a steam cycle, or to compose a cogeneration process. The combined cycle (CC) uses the heat from the gas turbine exhaust gas to increase the power output and increase the overall efficiency of more than 50% second (Najjar, 2001). The initial discovery of these cycles in the commercial power generation market was possible due to the development of the gas turbine. Only from the 1970s that gas turbine inlet temperature and therefore the exhaust gas temperature was sufficiently high to allow a better efficiency in the combined cycle ... (Complete Abstract click electronic access below)

O papel do gás de petróleo na matriz de energia elétrica brasileira - presente e futuro

This paper presents a study based on literature and examples found on literature of the potential of petroleum gas to be used as a primary source to generate electricity. The steady increase electricity demand in Brazil makes desirable an effective use of all available primary sources, combined with this need the momentum of the country with the discovery of the presalt reserves becomes interesting the use of this gas, often wasted, for generating electricity. The electricity generation in this work is illustrated by the cogeneration in oil refining plants that have the combined cycle thermal operation. The ultimate goal is to provide a text to identify the advantages, disadvantages and trends of this type of generation

Análise microestrutural de tubos API N80 soldados pelo processo HF/ERW para prospecção de petróleo e gás

On the grounds of the great advances achieved over recent years, the process HF/ERW (High-Frequency/Electric Resistance Welding)welded pipe have played an active role in the oil and gas industry for deep water applications, at high and extremely low temperatures, under high pressure and in highly corrosive environments, gradually replacing manufactured pipes by other processes. However, studies have shown that defects in the welded joints are a the leading causes of pipelines failures, which has required the determination of toughness values in this region, in compliance with the strict recommendations of the codes and standards with manufacturers and construction companies, on the oil and gas sector. As part of the validation process required toughness values, this research project focuses on a microstructural analysis in HF / ERW tubes microalloyed, steel grade API 5CT N80, designed to explore oil and gas in deep waters, the subject of strategic relevance to the country because of the recent discoveries in the Santos mega fields: Tupi and Libra (pre-salt). In this scientific work will be presented and discussed the results of mechanical tensile and Charpy, a few CTOD tests curves (showing the trend of toughness values to be obtained), and the microstructures of the base material obtained by optical microscopy, with special emphasis on the formation of non-metallic inclusions in the welded joint

Modelagem do resfriamento para a zona termicamente afetada pela soldagem de tubos de aço carbono

Because the high consumption of welded pipe for exploration and conduction oil and gas, optimization of manufacturing processes is necessary to obtain better productivity, efficiency and cost reduction. The objective of this study is to analyze the forms of heat transfer during the welding of pipes using longitudinal submerged arc process them to propose a model for the temperature distribution in the welded region. For this analysis are addressed as the heat transfer modes operate in the specified welding process and the necessary considerations for the mathematical model were obtained. The calculations were performed and the simulations needed to obtain the temperature distribution in the tube were carried out. Therefore, the practice was satisfactory and the results showed a range of temperatures along the pipe for a particular model and the future suggestions for improvement of this work