Mapas topográficos: metadados e as regras de catalogação para o acesso eficiente à informação geográfica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Síntese, caracterização e estudo da auto-associação em solução aquosa de derivados anfifílicos zwiteriônicos de quitosana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Número de amostras na análise geoestatística e na krigagem de mapas de atributos do solo

The objective of this study was to analyze different intensities of soil sampling for accuracy in geostatistical analysis and interpolation maps for precision agriculture in the sugarcane area. Soil samples were collected at two regular grids at a depth of 0.00 to 0.20m for granulometric analysis (area 1) and soil fertility (area 2). We compared soil sampling intensities: 208, 105, 58 and 24 points in Area 1 and 206, 102 and 53 points in Area 2. The data were submitted to descriptive analysis and geostatistics. The variograms constructed with 105 points didn't differ from variograms with 208 points, which doesn't occur for 58 and 24 points. The increase of sampling interval and reducing the number of points promote greater error in kriging. Samples with more than 100 points per area did not result in significant improvements in the error of kriging, or differed in the amount of fertilizer applied to the field.

Auto-organização e autonomia em Hegel: uma abordagem a partir das linhas fundamentais da filosofia do direito

The German philosopher G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) had as one of his thesis in the doctorate the affirmation that philosophy can only be properly taken as a system. He intends with that to point out the identity between thinking and being. This is, for Hegel, the task of philosophy, i. e., to bring together all that was set apart. This position can be recognized in all his works and it is tried here to exemplify it in The Philosophy of Right and in special in the section dedicated to the abstract right. This one is the first moment of the text in question that begins with the statement of the dignity of the person confirmed in the property. The following moments make evident that the formal ones are also results. It becomes clear in this way that the all the moments create together an ongoing organization, disorganization and reorganization. This process reveals the relation as a constitutive element of thinking and being exemplified in the abstract right. Each moment overcomes the preceding one and comes out as a much more complex one. In the case of the abstract right what appears is the realization of a free subject in all that he does as the making of himself.

Desenvolvimento das habilidade de auto-cuidado em crianças com atraso neuropsicomotor

Introduction: The neuropsicomotor development could be negatively affected by several factors occurred in the pre, peri and pos natal period. The early stimulation is implemented by a set of dynamic activities which aim the child development according to the child’s phase. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the functional skills acquisition in the self care area in children with development delay. Participated of this study 9 caregiver of children aged of 0 to 3 years with delay neuropsicomotor. Method: For the data collect was used the self-care area of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) in the version adapted for Brazil. The data collect was performed in two different stages, with an interval of 6 months between the collects. The raw score were transformed in continuous score by the Rasch statistics, then was applied the Shapiro-Wilk and t-student test. Results: The participants obtained a signifi cant higher score in the second stage than in the fi rst (p<0,01). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggests that the early stimulation could be an important intervention in the process of self-care skills acquisition in children with neuropsicomotor delay.

Influência da ingestão do triptofano dietético sobre a preferência na escolha do macho pela fêmea, auto-balanceamento da dieta e desempenho zootécnico em tilápia-do-Nilo e Pirapitinga

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Vozes de Morazán: mulheres, resistência e organização popular

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da auto-suficiência energética em reatores anaeróbios aplicados ao tratamento de resíduos da indústria de produção do etanol

Ethanol, the main automotive biofuel, has its production based on the fermentation of sugars found in biological materials and on the distillation of the alcoholic media formed during the fermentative process. Stillage is the main residue from ethanol production, containing a high organic loading in addition to acidic and corrosive characteristics. Considering the available technologies to treat stillage, we highlight anaerobic digestion, which allows the reduction of the impacts associated to pollutants loading of this effluent and the generation of energy from the methane gas produced in the process. Based on the high treatment efficiency usually associated to the anaerobic process, this work aimed to assess whether anaerobic systems applied to the treatment of stillage are energetically self-sufficient. First we evaluated the energy recovery capacity in an anaerobic reactor applied to the treatment of stillage resulting from corn-to-ethanol processing. The results indicated the great influence that a correct selection of electrical equipment and their respective operating periods have on the net energy balance of the anaerobic treatment. The high energy consumption of the heater would not allow the system to achieve a positive net energy balance – the maximum energy recovery would reach only 0.68% of the consumption. However, the replacement of the mixture equipment would result in energy gains ranging from 8.5 to 967.9% of the consumption. In this work we also assessed the efficiency of methane yields for a few studies and the correlation between some parameters of the anaerobic process. With respect to the methane yield, we noted that mesophilic systems tend to be more advantageous than the thermophilic ones (efficiency of 76.45 ± 22.51% vs. 69.40 ± 30.36%). Considering the study... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avaliação da auto-suficiência energética de reatores anaeróbios no tratamento de esgoto sanitário e água cinza

The anaerobic treatment of sewage is widely employed in Brazil and it is an appreciated way for the treatment of effluents, helping to reduce the environmental impact in rivers. The methane gas obtained from the process can be applied to improve the energetic efficiency of the system, reducing the amount of waste and the cost of the treatment process. This work presents the net energy balance of anaerobic reactors applied to the treatment of sewage. The analysis was performed considering full-scale and laboratory-scale treatment systems. In laboratory scale, the results from three kinds of systems were compared regarding the biological treatment of greywater. Two of them (UASB7 and UASB12) were anaerobic and the other one was a combined anaerobic-aerobic system (UASB7/SBR6). Greywater methanization (compared to theoretical maximum) was calculated considering 100% removal (g BOD/day), the literature percentage removal and the anionic surfactant presence in the effluentt. For each of these three cases, the efficiencies were, respectively, 16.9%, 43.6% and 51.3% in UASB7 reactor, 25.6%, 50.3% and 59.2% in UASB12 reactor and 30.6%, 61.2% and 71.9% in UASB7/SBR6 reactor. The energetic potential was found to be 4.66x10-4, 7.77x10-4 and 5.12x10-4 kWh/L for the UASB7, UASB12 and UASB7/SBR6 reactors, respectively. The pumping system, the aeration (in the anaerobic-aerobic system) and the temperature controlled heating system were considered to calculate the energetic consumption. However, the third one was not employed since tropical regions like Brazil do not need heating systems and also because of its high energetic consumption. The calculated net energy balance in the reactors was negative in the case of greywater, respectively -0.16, -0.28 and -0.18 kWh/L for the reactors UASB7, UASB12 and UASB7/SRB6. In full scale (ETE Jardim das Flores - Rio Claro, SP), the average energy... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Implementação de um sistema de informação para cartas de sensibilidade ambiental a derrames de óleo e elaboração de mapas de vulnerabilidade ambiental a derrames de óleo para o município de Caraguatatuba-SP

Fossil fuels are the main energy sources of the modern industrial age. Very sophisticated processes have been developed to extract these resources, due to increased demand on a global scale, as the extraction of oil. However, the complexity of these processes can cause accidents such as the release of oil to seas and oceans. In this context, this study proposes to carry out the implementation of a system of information to charts of environmental sensitivity to oil and prepare maps of vulnerability to oil for the city of Caraguatatuba-SP. The implementation of the database with geographical information of coastal environments was appropriate to be provided by the Internet, allowing wide access of data. The maps of vulnerability are important tool developed for the Individual Emergency Plans, because they were developed in operational scale, appropriate to actions to combat oil.

A concepção de professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental sobre o trabalho com mapas conceituais

Poucos são os professores que tiveram a oportunidade de vivenciar em sua formação atividades envolvendo a construção de mapas conceituais. Essa ferramenta, elaborada e difundida por Joseph Novak na década de 70, é de fundamental importância para a organização de elementos necessários à aprendizagem, pois possibilita ao aluno articular ideias e associar novas informações a conhecimentos estudados anteriormente permitindo ao professor utilizá-lo também como um importante instrumento na avaliação da aprendizagem. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a concepção dos professores do Ensino Fundamental sobre a utilização dos mapas conceituais como forma de organizar, avaliar e facilitar a aprendizagem dos alunos, bem como verificar quantos os utilizam em sua prática pedagógica. Para a realização do estudo, foram feitas pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando fundamentação teórico-metodológica e pesquisa de campo descritiva com aplicação de questionário aos professores de seis escolas municipais dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental no município de Bauru, com perguntas fechadas de múltipla escolha, para levantar informações acerca do conhecimento dos professores sobre o assunto. Após o questionário, foi realizado o acompanhamento das aulas de um dos participantes para observar, descrever, analisar e discutir a metodologia adotada na realização do seu trabalho. Para a análise e a interpretação dos dados coletados, foi empregada abordagem qualiquantitativa e extraíram-se inferências dos resultados. Os resultados indicam que ainda é incipiente a aplicabilidade dos mapas conceituais nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Sugerimos que este tema seja abordado em cursos de Formação continuada dos docentes

Auto-ecologia de Geonoma gamiova Barb. Rodr. (Arecaceae) em mata ombrófila densa montana (Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, SP)

Geonoma é um dos mais complexos gêneros de palmeiras neotropicais e possui aproximadamente 80 espécies distribuídas nos Neotrópicos. Espécies desse gênero apresentam pequeno a médio porte e são típicas de sub-bosque de florestas em áreas com grande pluviosidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a auto-ecologia de Geonoma gamiova em duas escalas espaciais, relacionando sua estrutura populacional entre hábitats (fundo de vale x encosta) e microsítios (local de ocorrência clonal). O trabalho foi realizado no núcleo São Miguel Arcanjo do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho que possui uma área de 37.794 ha e uma amplitude altitudinal de 50 a 975 metros. A área apresenta relevo de montanhas com vales profundos e morros paralelos e a vegetação presente no Parque é a Floresta Ombrófila Densa. Foram distribuídas 30 parcelas de 5 x 20m em três trilhas no Parque, onde foram quantificados os indivíduos de Geonoma gamiova em três estágios de desenvolvimento e foi caracterizado o hábitat. Foram marcados 42 indivíduos de Geonoma gamiova para avaliar o crescimento vegetativo e sua ecologia reprodutiva, avaliando-se também a estrutura dos microsítios em que esses indivíduos se encontravam. Os indivíduos apresentaram uma distribuição de tamanho populacional em forma de J invertido. Geonoma gamiova foi a segunda palmeira mais abundante na área estudada. O tamanho das moitas foi maior no fundo de vale, porém, os parâmetros mensurados para verificar a estrutura de comunidade, assim como a abundância dos indivíduos de G. gamiova não apresentaram diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre os hábitats. Não houve nenhuma correlação significativa (p > 0,05) entre o número de estipes por moita e as variáveis microclimáticas e edáficas mensuradas. O crescimento dos estipes, avaliado pelo aumento do número de nós, apresentou diferença significativa, sendo maior.... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Avaliação da auto-suficiência energética de reatores anaeróbios no tratamento de esgoto sanitário e de água preta

The purpose of this project is to verify whether anaerobic reactors applied to sewage treatment are energetically self-sufficient. This evaluation can be made by balancing the methane produced through the anaerobic transformation stages (hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis) and the reactor energy consumption requirements. The original project included methanogenic activity tests, which could not be performed due to setbacks in the installation of an analytical instrument. Scientific articles about bench- and full-scale anaerobic reactors were investigated instead. An average substrate-to-methane conversion efficiency of 58,2±18,6% was found for the bench-scale reactors and higher efficiencies (89,2%) were found for the cases which had higher Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) values. The average energy output was 0,013 kWh/Lsewage, value unable to meet the energy needs for the reactor operation, considering equipments normally used such as temperature controller. This balance can become positive if few hypotheses are made, for example (i) to eliminate the use of temperature controller (ii) to alter the operation pattern from continuous to intermittent. Based on energy balance assessment of eight bench-scale reactors, it was observed that the implementation of a system for biogas utilization is not energetically feasible. However, interesting results were found for a full-scale sewage treatment plant, ETE Ouro Verde – Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil. Even though its substrate-tomethane conversion efficiency was about 10% only, the energy balance was quite positive, with energy consumption of 68 kWh/month and energy production of 660 kWh/month. This analysis leads us to conclude that energy recovery from full-scale sewage treatment plants should be practiced by other plants

Estudo da variação do limite de resistência à tração ao longo da bobina de vergalhão de alumínio 1350 AA

Therebar of aluminum 1350 AA produced by CBA are used inthe manufacture of wires and cables for electric power transmission, which marketshows increasingly favorableto aluminum due to itslow densityand high electrical conductivity, but to ensure that this materialmeets all specifications of projectsfor electricity transmission, it must have homogeneity in the chemicaland mechanicalproperties.One of the points of improvement in the process of rod production isreducing the high variation of the limitof tensile strengthalong the coils, therefore, this work seeks a better understanding of the factors that significantly influence the mechanical properties of rebar, specifically assessing the influence oftemperatureat the output of the coils, which can cause a recovery effect on the material andif thereare relevantdifferences between the two modes of rebar production: auto and manual.Samples of six coils have been specifically produced forthis study, which weresubsequently subjected to different annealing temperatures for one hour and ten minutes, similar to what occurs in the output of the coil from the machine. The tensile tests showed that aluminum 1350 AA is significantly influenced by temperature, whose behavior was very similar to that presented in the literature. It was found that the phenomenon of recovery occurred more significantly at high temperatures. Through the optical electron microscope Zeiss, 18 surface maps were made with 100x magnification for each sample in different conditions and the images were analyzed using entropy and fractal dimension, aiming to relate the condition of surface hardening on mechanical property of the samples in that condition. The results showed that these methods can be applied, provided they do not have any kind of imperfection on the surface, once they can influence the results. The study concluded that a more efficient cooling is required in ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

SIG e álgebra de mapas na elaboração de um mapa de potencial de erosão em áreas de silvicultura

Cette étude visait à générer une carte du potentiel d'érosion pour la Ferme Santa Edwirges, située à Lorena /SP. Les résultats ont etés classifiés en faible, modéré, élève et très élève potentiel d'érosion et la carte obtenue a été comparé par rapport aux autres cartes existantes pour la zone d'étude. La méthodologie proposée se basant sur une application qualitative simple L’équation Universelle de Perte de Sol (USLE ou EUPS), en considérant les parties de l'équation: érodibilité, la topographie et l'utilisation des terres. Les donnés ont etés intégrés par l'algèbre de carte dans l’environnement SIG de ArcGIS. Pour la représentation de chacune de ces parcelles, nous avons utilisé une carte des formations superficielles de la ferme, généré à partir d'une ré-interprétation de la carte géologique, une carte de la pente et une carte d'utilisation des terres, attribuant un poids d’important pour chaque catégorie de ces cartes dans le processus d'érosion et dans l'algèbre proposée. Les résultats obtenus sont compatibles avec les zones identifiées comme les plus critiques sur terrain. La ferme a été identifiée comme de potentiel d'érosion modérée et la partie sud de la ferme le plus critique, suivi du groupe conduit par la zone de cisaillement, par contre les plaines proches des rivières ont eté identifié comme la zone plus stable avec moins de potentiel d'érosionDe la comparaison des résultats de ce travail et d'autres qui ont fait antérieurement dans la zone d’intéresse, qui ont utilisé les paramètres géotechniques dans la représentation de l'érosivité des sols, nous avons pu voir des résultats similaires, en particulier dans les zones à potentiel élevé et faible pour l'érosion. De la discussion et analyse des résultats, la méthodologie proposée à eté validée