148 resultados para bubalus bubalis
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV
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The aim of this study was to estimate genetic, environmental and phenotypic correlation between birth weight (BW) and weight at 205 days age (W205), BW and weight at 365 days age (W365) and W205-W365, using Bayesian inference. The Brazilian Program for Genetic Improvement of Buffaloes provided the data that included 3,883 observations from Mediterranean breed buffaloes. With the purpose to estimate variance and covariance, bivariate analyses were performed using Gibbs sampler that is included in the MTGSAM software. The model for BW, W205 and W365 included additive direct and maternal genetic random effects, maternal environmental random effect and contemporary group as fixed effect. The convergence diagnosis was achieved using Geweke, a method that uses an algorithm implemented in R software through the package Bayesian Output Analysis. The calculated direct genetic correlations were 0.34 (BW-W205), 0.25 (BW-W365) and 0.74 (W205-W365). The environmental correlations were 0.12, 0.11 and 0.72 between BW-W205, BW-W365 and W205-W365, respectively. The phenotypic correlations were low for BW-W205 (0.01) and BW-W365 (0.04), differently than the obtained for W205-W365 with a value of 0.67. The results indicate that BW trait have low genetic, environmental and phenotypic association with the two others traits. The genetic correlation between W205 and W365 was high and suggests that the selection for weight at around 205 days could be beneficial to accelerate the genetic gain.
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Quantitative analysis of growth genetic parameters is not available for many breeds of buffaloes making selection and breeding decisions an empirical process that lacks robustness. The objective of this study was to estimate heritability for birth weight (BW), weight at 205 days (W205) and 365 days (W365) of age using Bayesian inference. The Brazilian Program for Genetic Improvement of Buffaloes provided the data. For the traits BW, W205 and W365 of Brazilian Mediterranean buffaloes 5169, 3792 and 3883 observations have been employed for the analysis, respectively. In order to obtain the estimates of variance, univariate analyses were conducted using the Gibbs sampler included in the MTGSAM software. The model for BW, W205 and W365 included additive direct and maternal genetic random effects, random maternal permanent environmental effect and contemporary group that was treated as a fixed effect. The convergence diagnosis was performed employing Geweke, a method that uses an algorithm from the Bayesian Output Analysis package that was implemented using R software environment. The average values for weight traits were 37.6 +/- 4.7 kg for BW, 192.7 +/- 40.3 kg for W205 and 298.6 +/- 67.4 kg for W365. The heritability posterior distributions for direct and maternal effects were symmetric and close to those expected in a normal distribution. Direct heritability estimates obtained using the modes were 0.30 (BW), 0.52 (W205) and 0.54 (W365). The maternal heritability coefficient estimates were 0.31, 0.19 and 0.21 for BW, W205 and W365, respectively. Our data suggests that all growth traits and mainly W205 and W365, have clear potential for yield improvement through direct genetic selection.
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The aim of this work was to identify polymorphisms in the osteopontin gene. It was used in this experiment 306 male buffaloes, older than 18 months, bred in two farms, one in the State of Amapa and the other farm in the State of Para. There was identified three SNP polymorphisms for the region amplified by the primer OS4 (5'upstream) and four SNP polymorphisms for the region amplified by the primer OS9 (exon 5 to exon 6). The polymorphisms were in positions 1478, 1513 and 1611 in the region amplified by OS4 and positions 6690, 6737, 6925 and 6952 in the region amplified by OS9. These data indicate that the osteopontin gene is important because it can have a substantial influence on the reproductive traits of male buffaloes.
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Valuable genetic material can be preserved by the cryopreservation of epididymal sperm. This study evaluated the viability of pre-freezing and post-thawed sperm samples recovered from the epididymal cauda of buffaloes. Epididymides from eight Murrah buffaloes with 18 months of age were used. Semen samples were diluted in two different freezing extenders: Botu-bov (BB) and Tris (TRIS). Immediately after slaughter, both testicles from each animal were collected and transported at 4 degrees C for six hours interval. In laboratory, the removed epididymides were flushed to obtain sperm and the fractions were diluted in both freezing extenders (BB and TRIS). Semen doses were analyzed before and after frozen at -196 degrees C. BB and TRIS pre-freezing results were 38.54 +/- 22.33%(b) and 14.17 +/- 12.78%(a) for total motility (TM), 25.00 +/- 16.12(a) and 9.44 +/- 9.11(a) for progressive motility (PM), 7.21 +/- 0.98(a) and 5.09 +/- 2.65(a) for percentage of rapid cells (RAP), 91.08 +/- 12.53(b) and 63.33 +/- 31.47(a) for velocity of trajectory (VAP), 73.54 +/- 20.17(b) and 49.50 +/- 9.11(a) for linear progressive velocity (VSL), 172.21 +/- 24.55(a) and 116.94 +/- 59.48(a) for curvilinear velocity (VCL), respectively (P < 0.05). BB and TRIS post-thawing results were 42.25 +/- 21.50(b) and 17.62 +/- 19.46(a) for TM, 27.25 +/- 24.86(a) and 18.00 +/- 13.68(a) for PM, 7.35 +/- 0.98(a) and 6.26 +/- 1.13(a) for RAP, 91.42 +/- 16.86(a) and 75.96 +/- 13.17(a) for VAP, 67.96 +/- 12.13(a) and 60.04 +/- 10.42(a) for VSL, 177.54 +/- 23.53(b) and 141.29 +/- 24.97a for VCL, respectively (P < 0.05). The sperm recovered from the epididymal cauda, after 6 h storage of epididymides at 5 degrees C ensures sperm preservation demonstrating that the diluent Botu-bov had higher total motility both pre-and post-freezing when compared with TRIS. Additionally, the sperm frozen with the diluent Botu-bov showed higher values of VSL at post-thawing. These findings may reflect in improvement of conception rates.
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Caseins are the major milk proteins associated with lactation performance, milk composition and cheese yield efficiency, representing around 80% of the total amount of proteins found in milk. Among the caseins, kappa-casein is the protein that stabilizes micelle structure during milk coagulation process and being used during the cheese production. The kappa-casein gene (CSN3) has been previously mapped to buffalo chromosome 7 using a radiation hybrid panel and a comparative map was established using the sequence from bovine chromosome 6. The molecular structure of this gene has also been established in river buffalo, with a total length of 13,191 bp (GenBank: AM900443.1) and containing five exons. In this study we searched for single nucleotide variations in specific regions of the CSN3 gene in three animals representing the Murrah breed. Sequencing reactions were performed using ABI3730xl sequencer. The primer walking method was used to span the 5'-UTR and intron 2 regions of the gene, for which ten primer pairs were designed using Oligo 6 software. BLAST tool was used to verify the primers specificity. DNA sequences assemblies from all three animals were performed with Sequencher (R) software 4.1, while multiple alignments were performed using Clustal W software to identify single nucleotide variations. The sequencing revealed a total of 19 single nucleotide variations with 13 located in the upstream regulatory region of the gene (5'-UTR) and six on intron 2. These variations can be validated using commercial populations segregating specific economic traits.
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Microsatellites are well-known DNA markers used in a variety of studies such as genome mapping, genetic diversity analysis, genetic conservation and phylogenetic studies. Although microsatellites are important markers, their development and characterization demands extensive time and high cost. Thus, before new markers are developed for a particular species, it is worthwhile to test the available markers from related species. In the present study, we evaluate cattle-derived microsatellite markers for genetic studies of water buffalo. Eighty-five percents of a total of 120 microsatellite markers were optimized using buffalo DNA (Bubalus bubalis). The results showed in this paper were also deposited in the National Center for Biological Information database (NCBI) (ProbeDB and UniSTS) for use in population genetic studies of buffalo by the scientific community. The use of heterologous primers significantly reduces the cost of developing specific markers for buffalo, providing a useful short cut for the genetic population analysis and gene mapping studies.
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The objective of this study was to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for accumulated 305-day milk yield (MY305) over multiple ages, from 24 to 120 months of age, applying random regression (RRM), repeatability (REP) and multi-trait (MT) models. A total of 4472 lactation records from 1882 buffaloes of the Murrah breed were utilized. The contemporary group (herd-year-calving season) and number of milkings (two levels) were considered as fixed effects in all models. For REP and RRM, additive genetic, permanent environmental and residual effects were included as random effects. MT considered the same random effects as did REP and RRM with the exception of permanent environmental effect. Residual variances were modeled by a step function with 1, 4, and 6 classes. The heritabilities estimated with RRM increased with age, ranging from 0.19 to 0.34, and were slightly higher than that obtained with the REP model. For the MT model, heritability estimates ranged from 0.20 (37 months of age) to 0.32 (94 months of age). The genetic correlation estimates for MY305 obtained by RRM (L23.res4) and MT models were very similar, and varied from 0.77 to 0.99 and from 0.77 to 0.99, respectively. The rank correlation between breeding values for MY305 at different ages predicted by REP, MT, and RRM were high. It seems that a linear and quadratic Legendre polynomial to model the additive genetic and animal permanent environmental effects, respectively, may be sufficient to explain more parsimoniously the changes in MY305 genetic variation with age.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)