Avaliação da viabilidade econômica do uso de um aquecedor solar de água de garrafas pet para aquecer o ar de uma cabine de pintura e uma estufa de secagem

Nowadays, the biggest part of the world's energy supply comes from fossil fuels and nuclear. However, the current need of the society for the preservation of the environment and wise use of natural resources, has favored the search for alternative energy sources and improvement of energy efficiency. In this new scenario, companies are beginning to mobilize in order to adapt its facilities to renewable energy. Solar, with its immense potential, not really exploited yet, can be very useful for companies that want to beat their sustainability goals. Given these facts, the aim is to evaluate the economic viability of introducing a solar water heater which uses a colorless PET bottle as one of its components in a plant. The hot water generated will heat the air of a paint booth and a warm house, reducing energy consumption, since they are heated by electric heaters

Estudo sobre fornos de tratamento térmico e propostas de cogeração de energia em usina siderurgica não integrada

Steel industry is a sector heavily dependent on energy, both electrical and thermal. Since the receipt of raw materials to the shipment of finished products to customers, through mergers, casting, rolling, heat treatment, inspection, among others, high amounts of energy are demanded, generating very significant costs to the productive chain in its entirety . Therefore, any alternative that favors the reduction in energy consumption or barateie the cost of this is very welcome. Within this context, this paper aims to make a technical and economic analysis of installing a cogeneration plant in the field rolling in a non-integrated steel mill. Two configurations are proposed plants, with one being the use of heat from waste gases from furnaces existing in the area mentioned and another with the use of heat from waste gases from an internal combustion engine. Both proposals are evaluated technically and later is done the economic analysis, calculating the financial return (pay back) in relation to the investment required, operation and maintenance of the plant

Estudo da produção de hidrogênio eletrolítico a partir de fontes eólica, solar e hidrelétrica

Introduces technical, economic and environmentally competitive solutions in the energy market is a great challenge for society. This work examines each of these aspects considering the production of electrolytic hydrogen with energy from wind power, solar and hydropower, in order to ensure an overview of this energy carrier. Initially, an assessment of the technical aspects is made addressing existing electrolysers technologies, its main characteristics and differences. The geographical distribution of wind, solar and hydroelectric potential in Brazil is also mapped, and a configuration scheme of a hydrogen production system is discussed. Subsequently, the economic analysis calculates the cost of investment in the alkaline electrolyser of 60 Nm³ / h, similar to the Brazilian bus powered by hydrogen project, coordinated by EMTU. Since the main input of electrolysis is electricity, is analyzed the latest energy auctions of each primary source and it is calculated the cost of production of the wind, solar and hydropower hydrogen. Postponed to this, are investigated the intrinsic environmental impacts of electricity generation process, proposing a readjustment of an indicator of ecological efficiency for the production of hydrogen. Finally, the work discusses the concept of externalities and demonstrates how the incorporation of external costs can leverage the hydrogen economy. In short, it is evident that the wind and hydroelectric hydrogens are more promising compared to solar hydrogen, whether in the economic aspect, because it achieved lower costs, whether in the environmental aspect, because it reached the highest ecological efficiency

Desenvolvimento e caracterização térmica de sistemas líquido-cristalinos contendo ácido kójico

O Ácido Kójico (AK) é uma substancia produzida por cepas de Aspergillus sp. Foi isolado pela primeira vez em 1907, através do estudo feito a partir do crescimento desse fungo em arroz cozido a vapor. É usado na cosmetologia como antioxidante e despigmentante para uso tópico. Atua como um potente antioxidante quelando íons de ferro e os íons de cobre presentes no seu sítio ativo da tirosinase impedindo a formação de melanina. O isononanoato de cetoestearila, utilizado na formulação, tem ampla utilização em cosméticos como cremes protetores de epiderme, cremes de maquiagens, cremes de proteção solar, loções e desodorantes por ser emoliente, não possuir cheiro e toque seco. Os sistemas nanoestruturados, como por exemplo, os sistemas líquidocristalinos aumentam a solubilidade dos princípios ativos incorporados ao sistema e aumentam a solubilidade dos princípios ativos incorporados ao sistema e aumentam a estabilidade e diminuem a toxidade, pois agem como reservatórios e dependendo da interação fármaco-sistema, altera a biodisponibilidade. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar um sistema líquido cristalino constituído por água e isononanoato de cetoestearila (óleo), e estabilizado com o tensoativo álcool cetílico etoxilado e propoxilado contendo ácido kójico avaliando sua estabilidade através de estudos de termoanálises

Estudo de propriedades da resina acrílica termoativada por energia de micro-ondas frente às variações nos procedimentos de inclusão

On heat cured acrylic resins by microwaves energy the action of electromagnetic waves on methylmethacrylate promote the polymerization process. However, part of this energy is absorbed by the gypsum present in the flask and the function of this gypsum is to maintain the characteristics of specimen, nevertheless is unknown in the literature as the amount of water present in this gypsum affects the characteristics of acrylic resin. The proposal of this study was verified if dried gypsum influenced in some properties of the acrylic resins thermally activated by microwaves: presence of porosity, microhardness, roughness, flexural strength and dimensional change. Two different types of acrylic resin for complete denture were utilized: Lucitone 550 e Vipi-Wave and groups were formed: Lucitone 550, polymerization by microwave energy without gypsum treatment; Lucitone 550, polymerization by microwave energy with pretreatment gypsum; Vipi-Wave by microwave energy without gypsum treatment; Vipi Wave, polymerization by microwave energy with pretreatment gypsum; Lucitone 550 control group polymerization in hot water bath. For both situations were performed analysis of microhardness and porosity three different metallic shaped specimens were formed with followed dimensions: 2,0x2,0x2,0cm (8cm3); 2,0x2,0x1,0 (4cm3) e 2,0x2,0x0,5 (2cm3). Standardized wax specimens was used to prepare groups (n=9) and included in glass fiber flasks. The gypsum dry was made by microwave oven cycle (10min and 600W) and then the flasks were maintained in dry oven during two hours. Polymerizations of specimens were made and then polished. Wax patterns #7 obtained from the metal were embedded in plastic flask and following the processes of pressing and polymerization of the resin according to established groups. To evaluate the flexural strength, specimens 65mm x 10mm x 3.0mm from metallic patterns in bar format were made. ...

Ensino de física e energia: estudo de possibilidades didáticas na educação básica

This monograph has the inspiring theme of the Energy education, concept of extreme importance to physics, but that is rarely addressed in Brazilian schools. We bring a discussion of the problems faced in teaching this subject and present this analysis of how this issue is addressed in some textbooks that are part of the material available to students of basic education in our country. We also discuss a didactic proposal to the Physics Teaching using for this experiment. The proposal considers the student protagonist of the learning process being the builder of his own knowledge. For this proposal selected three experiments (solar plate, looping and looping coffee cups) analyzed from the point of view of energy that have the intention to leave this clearer content and close to the students. Here is the end of this work the application of the examination of this proposal in a public school in full-time education in the municipality of Rio Claro - SP

Estudo sobre o panorama da energia elétrica no Brasil e tendências futuras

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB

Desenvolvimento de uma rede de sensores sem fio aplicada no monitoramento da variabilidade térmica em casas de vegetação

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Balanço de energia de fluxo de CO2: cerrado da floresta estadual de Assis

Based on climatological data and energy flow, this paper analyzes the behavior observed in microclimatic an important remnant of cerrado in the São Paulo State. The seasonal climate is well marked, in the study area, with two climatic periods (one dry and one wet). The vegetation presents physiology as a function of water availability and the local thermal conditions and can be seen marked changes in the landscape due to the more or less presence of solar radiation. It’s important to understand the ecosystems behave in the context of global change. It has gained the attention of many researchers in the world.

Analisys of thermal efficiency of a modified solar collector type evacuated tube

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Eficiência de um sistema de desinfecção solar de águas residuárias domésticas com adição de diferentes doses de peróxido de hidrogênio

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Análise numérica de uma geometria de coletor solar para sistemas de aquecimento de água

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise numérica de um sistema integrado coletor solar/armazenador térmico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Feasibility of solar heating systems composed of recyclable packaging for low-income rural communities

Solar heaters are an appropriate technology in tropical and sub-tropical climates to heat bath water by solar energy. Low-cost solar heaters meet the demand of low-income rural communities which currently do not have access to this technology. Current research analyzes the economic viability of solar heaters, built with recyclable materials, to reduce electric energy bill. A solar heating system was built consisting of recyclable materials in accordance with the manuals provided by the Secretariat of Environment of the state of Paraná (SEMA). Duration of use of electric showers by families of rural properties was determined to calculate expenses and billing of electricity. Simulation and material costs showed that the system was feasible. Commercial solar heaters could be replaced at a cost of R$ 22.61 per month during 13 months.

Análise diferencial da potência máxima gerada por um sistema solar fotovoltaico

The Earth receives annually 1,5.1018 kWh of solar energy, which corresponds to 1000 times the world energy consumption in this period. This fact comes out that, besides being responsible for the maintenance of life on Earth, the solar radiation is in an inexhaustible energy source, with an enormous potential for use by systems capture and conversion into another form of energy. In many applications of low power systems that convert light directly into electricity, called photovoltaic advantageously replace other means of production processes, where its distribution is very significant. The determination of the power generated by such a system is of paramount importance for the design energy of its implementation and evaluation of the system itself. This study aims to determine a relationship between the maximum power generated by solar photovoltaic and characteristic parameters of the generator. This relationship allows to evaluate the performance of such a system. For simulations of the developed equations were used 3 photovoltaic modules with an output of 100 Wp each, and data collection was performed during one year by enrolling in addition to meteorological data, solar irradiance incident on the modules.