Bioactive flavone dimers from Ouratea multiflora (Ochnaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Controle de qualidade dos extratos polares de Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult., Turneraceae

Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de metodologia para o controle de qualidade dos extratos etanólicos e infusão de Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult., Turneraceae, usando como marcadores os compostos fenólicos. Essa espécie é usada popularmente como afrodisíaca e antiulcerogênica. Foram usadas técnicas cromatográficas: CLAE acoplada com detector de ultravioleta e cromatografia em camada delgada. Foram detectados flavonóides como os principais componentes da planta.

Screening Brazilian Commercial Gasoline Quality by ASTM D6733 GC and Pattern-Recognition Multivariate SIMCA Chemometric Analysis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Anti-inflammatory activity of Alchornea triplinervia ethyl acetate fraction: Inhibition of H2O2, NO and TNF-alpha

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antimicrobial activity of Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, against opportunistic fungi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Níveis plasmáticos de taurina e de seus precursores em pacientes com câncer de esôfago

RACIONAL: O câncer de esôfago tem impacto relevante no metabolismo protéico do hospedeiro, mas pouco se conhece sobre as implicações no metabolismo protéico sulfurado. Deste, destaca-se a taurina, composto participante de várias funções fisiológicas importantes como a manutenção do sistema de defesa celular e possível sobrevida do paciente. OBJETIVO: Estudar as variações plasmáticas da taurina e de seus precursores em pacientes com câncer de esôfago. MÉTODO: em estudo transversal foram triados 16 pacientes (43-73 anos) com câncer de esôfago e 20 voluntários (27-65 anos) controles sadios que preencheram os critérios clínicos e éticos da pesquisa. Para caracterização do estado geral de saúde efetuou-se avaliação antropométrica, hematimétrica (Hb, Ht, glóbulos brancos, linfócitos) e bioquímica (albumina, glicose, lipídios, aminotransferases). Adicionalmente, foram realizadas, no plasma, análises cromatográficas de taurina e seus precursores cisteína e homocisteína. Foi registrado o tempo de sobrevivência dos pacientes, a partir do diagnóstico histopatológico. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes com câncer de esôfago foram predominantemente do sexo masculino, raça branca, classe socioeconômica baixa, tipo carcinoma espinocelular de localização no terço superior, em estádio IV, sobrevida de 7,8 ± 5,5 anos, referindo perda de peso em 16,4% e apresentando hipoalbuminemia em 50%, com massa muscular e adiposa semelhante ao controle. Os pacientes apresentaram valores estatisticamente menores do que os controles para Hb, Ht, colesterol total, HDL-colesterol e cisteína e maiores de AST, ALT, taurina e homocisteína. Dentre os pacientes houve correlação positiva da taurina tanto com a contagem total de linfócitos, como com a sobrevida dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Os níveis reduzidos de cisteína e elevados de homocisteína, taurina e as associações positivas da taurina com os indicadores da imunocompetência celular e da mortalidade sugerem participação efetiva da taurina na sobrevida dos pacientes e, portanto, os cuidados nutricionais específicos com a sua via geradora (cisteína, metionina e vitaminas do complexo B).

Extração por fluido supercrítico de alguns inseticidas carbamatos em amostras de batata, com determinação por HPLC/fluorescência e confirmação por HPLC/espectrometria de massas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Otimização e validação de metodologia cromatográfica para determinação simultânea de composição monomérica em polímero biodegradável

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento de um método analítico rápido e eficiente para a determinação de corticosteróides plasmáticos por injeção direta em coluna cromatográfica ISRP-C18 por CLAE

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Extraction and clean-up procedure for analysis of organochlorine pesticide residues in ethoxylated lanolin

In the present study an evaluation was made of a method for the determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in ethoxylated lanolin. Samples were homogenized with Celite, transferred to chromatographic columns, prepacked with silica gel deactivated to 10%. The pesticide elution was processed with n-hexane-dichloromethane and the concentrated eluate was analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography (GC) with electron capture detection (ECD). The composition of the elution solvent was a significant factor for the recovery of the pesticides. Mean recoveries obtained for fortified samples ranged from 87 to 94% for p,p'-DDE, dieldrin, endrin, p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDT. Optimization of the experimental conditions resulted in a small-scale method that combines extraction and cleanup in a single step. (C) 2000 Elsevier B.V. S.A. All rights reserved.

Chemical profile of Eriocaulon ligulatum (Vell.) LB Smith (Eriocaulaceae)

Two new and six known flavonoids and two known naphthopyranones have been isolated by chromatographic methods and spectrometrically identified in capitulae and scapes of Eriocaulon ligulatum (Vell.) L.B. Smith (Eriocaulaceac). The presence of naphthopyranones suggests approximation between Eriocaulon and Paepalanthus genus. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Determination of pesticide residues in coconut water by liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography with electron-capture plus thermionic specific detection and solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection

Two simple methods were developed to determine, 11 pesticides in coconut water, a natural isotonic drink rich in salts, sugars and vitamins consumed by the people and athletes. The first procedure involves solid-phase extraction using Sep-Pak Vac C-18 disposable cartridges with methanol for elution. Isocratic analysis was carried out by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm to analyse captan, chlorothalonil, carbendazim, lufenuron and diafenthiuron. The other procedure is based on liquid-liquid extraction with hexane-dichloromethane (1:1, v/v), followed by gas chromatographic analysis with effluent splitting to electron-capture detection for determination of endosulfan, captan, tetradifon and trichlorfon and thermionic specific detection for determination of malathion, parathion-methyl and monocrotophos. The methods were validated with fortified samples at different concentration levels (0.01-12.0 mg/kg). Average recoveries ranged from 75 to 104% with relative standard deviations between 1.4 and 11.5%. Each recovery analysis was repeated at least five times. Limits of detection ranged from 0.002 to 2.0 mg/kg. The analytical procedures were applied to 15 samples and no detectable amounts of the pesticides were found in any samples under the conditions described. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Structural and functional characterization of neuwiedase, a nonhemorrhagic fibrin(ogen)olytic metalloprotease from Bothrops neuwiedi snake venom

A fibrino(geno)lytic nonhemorrhagic metalloprotease (neuwiedase) was purified from Bothrops neuwiedi snake venom by a single chromatographic step procedure on a CM-Sepharose column, Neuwiedase represented 4.5% (w/w) of the crude desiccated venom, with an approximate Mr of 20,000 and pI 5.9, As regards the amino acid composition, neuwiedase showed similarities with other metalloproteases, with high proportions of Asx, Glx, Leu, and Ser, Atomic absorption spectroscopy showed that one mole of Zn2+ and one mole of Ca2+ were present per mole olf protein. The cDNA encoding neuwiedase was isolated by RT-PCR from venom gland RNA, using oligonucleotides based on the partially determined amino-acid sequences of this metalloprotease. The fall sequence contained approximately 594 bp, which codified the 198 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular weight of 22,375. Comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of neuwiedase with those of other snake venom metalloproteases showed a high level of sequential similarity, Neuwiedase has two highly conserved characteristics sequences H(142)E(143)XXH(146)XXG(140)XXH(152) and C164I165M166. The three-dimensional structure of neuwiedase was modeled based on the crystal structure of Crotalus adamanteus Adamalysin II. This model revealed that the zinc binding site region showed a I high structural similarity with other metalloproteases,, the proteolyitc specificity, using the B beta-chain of oxidized insulin as substrate, was shown to be directed to the Ala(14)-Leu(15) and Tyr(16)-Leu(17) peptide bonds which were preferentially hydrolyzed. Neuwiedase is a A alpha,B beta fibrinogenase, Its activity upon the A alpha chain of fibrinogen was detected within 15 min of incubation. The optimal temperature and pH for the degradation of both A alpha and B beta chains were 37 degrees C and 7.4-8.0, respectively. This activity was inhibited by EDTA and 1,10-phenantroline, Neuwiedase also showed proteolytic activity upon fibrin and some components of the extracellular matrix. However, it did not show TAME esterase activity and was not able to inhibit platelet aggregation. (C) 2000 Academic Press.

Influence of temperature on the properties of the xylanolytic enzymes of the thermotolerant fungus Aspergillus phoenicis

This study reports on the effects of growth temperature on the secretion and some properties of the xylanase and beta-xylosidase activities produced by a thermotolerant Aspergillus phoenicis. Marked differences were observed when the organism was grown on xylan-supplemented medium at 25 degreesC or 42 degreesC. Production of xylanolytic enzymes reached maximum levels after 72 h of growth at 42 degreesC; and levels were three- to five-fold higher than at 25 degreesC. Secretion of xylanase and beta-xylosidase was also strongly stimulated at the higher temperature. The optimal temperature was 85 degreesC for extracellular and 90 degreesC for intracellular beta-xylosidase activity, independent of the growth temperature. The optimum temperature for extracellular xylanase increased from 50 degreesC to 55 degreesC when the fungus was cultivated at 42 degreesC. At the higher temperature, the xylanolytic enzymes produced by A. phoenicis showed increased thermo stability, with changes in the profiles of pH optima. The chromatographic profiles were distinct when samples obtained from cultures grown at different temperatures were eluted from DEAE-cellulose and Biogel P-60 columns.

Antifungal amides from Piper hispidum and Piper tuberculatum

Piper hispidum and Piper tuberculatum accumulate amides bearing isobutyl, pyrrolidine, dihydropyridone and piperidine moieties. The isolation and characterization of several representatives including two hitherto unreported amides were performed by chromatographic techniques and by analysis of spectroscopic data. The antifungal activity of each amide was determined by direct bioautography against Cladosporium sphaerospermum. (C) 2000 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.