Efeitos da administração em longo prazo do omeprazol sobre a densidade mineral óssea e as propriedades mecânicas do osso

Objectives: Epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between long-term use of proton pump inhibitors and bone metabolism. However, this relationship has not yet become established. The aim of the present study was to analyze the mechanical properties and bone mineral density (BMD) of rats that were subjected to long-term omeprazole use. Methods: Fifty wistar rats weighing between 200 and 240 g were divided equally into five groups: OMP300 (omeprazole intake at a dose of 300 moL/kg/day); OMP200 (200 moL/ kg/day); OMP40 (40 moL/kg/day); OMP10 (10 moL/kg/day); and Cont (control group; intake of dilution vehicle). The solutions were administered for 90 consecutive days. After the rats had been sacrificed, their BMD, the mechanical properties of the dissected femurs and their serum Ca++ levels were analyzed. Results: The BMD of the OMP300 group was lower than that of the controls (p = 0.006). There was no difference in comparing the OMP200, OMP40 and OMP10 groups with the controls. The maximum strength and rigidity of the femur did not differ in the experimental groups in comparison with the controls. The OMP300 group had a statistically lower serum Ca++ concentration than that of the controls (p = 0.049), but the other groups did not show any difference in relation to the controls. Conclusion: Daily intake of 300moL/kg/day of omeprazole decreased the BMD of the femur, but without changes to the rigidity and strength of the femur in adult rats. © 2

Densidade mineral óssea, exercício físico no lazer e composição corporal em mulheres pós-menopausa: estudo com usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Impacto da maturação esquelética em biomarcadores do metabolismo ósseo e na densidade mineral óssea em adolescentes brasileiros saudáveis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Densidade mineral óssea de perus de corte vacinados e não vacinados contra coccidiose

It was evaluated bone mineral density of turkeys submitted the vaccination against coccidiosis. Used 420 turkeys of one day, divided in 4 treatments with 5 repetitions: T1 – control diet; T2 - diet and anti coccidiosis drugs; T3 - diet and commercial vaccine; T4 - diet and recombinant vaccine. To the 28 days the birds had been submitted to the challenge of coccidiosis, carried through inoculation of oocisty talked back directly in the esophagus of the birds. The bone quality was evaluated to the 21, 35, 49 and 72 days of age. For this, 8 birds for treatment had been collected, in each age of collection that had been sacrificed by cervical displacement. The tibiae and femura had been radiographed and tomographed for evaluation of the bone density, had been later evaluated texts of dry substance, bone ashes, calcium and of phosphorus. It had differences only between the ages, being that the treatments had not caused alterations of the bone characteristics. To the 56 days the birds had presented bone quality worse. The treatments had not influenced the studied parameters. What it allows to conclude that the vaccination against coccidiosis promotes good mineralization of the bones.

Precisão da técnica de absorciometria de raios-x de dupla energia na determinação da composição corporal em gatos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Densitometric and biochemical values of broiler tibias at different ages

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Femur biometry, densitometry and chemical composition from Moxoto goats supplemented with concentrate in a semiarid region

The aim of study was to investigate if different intake levels of concentrate (supplementation levels) would have an influence on chemical composition, biometric aspects and bone mineral density (BMD) of femurs from Moxoto growing goats in the Brazilian semiarid region. Thirty-two castrated kids (15.69 +/- 0.78 kg initial BW) were used allocated randomly to one of the four levels of supplementation (SL) (treatments groups: 0: 5; 10 and 15 g/kg BW). When the animals of treatment group 15 g/kg BW reached 25 kg BW, the animals in the others treatments groups were also slaughtered. The increase SL resulted in linear increase (P<0.001) in the performance of animals as well as in fresh and dry weight of the femur and decrease of relative weight of the femur. The dry matter contents (g/kg) of femur increased linearly, however, the amounts of MM, ether extract, Ca, P. Mg, Na and K were not affected by the treatments. The values found in this study ranged from 134.84 to 155.90g of Ca, 48.14 to 55.95g of P. 1.69 to 1.87g of Mg, 2.87 to 3.24g of Na and 1.42 to 1.61 g of K/kg of bone in natura for animals with smaller and higher slaughter weight, respectively. The biometric and densitometric variables increased linearly with increasing treatments, except for the thickness of the sponge layer of the proximal and distal epiphysis and BMD measured in the distal epiphysis. The supplementation with concentrate did not affect the chemical composition of the femur, although it has positively influenced the structure and the bone mineral density. A BMD estimated via radiographic bone aluminum equivalent did not have correspondence with bone mineral content measured chemically. (C) 2011 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.

Qualidade de vida de mulheres com baixa massa óssea na pós-menopausa

OBJETIVO: avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com osteoporose e osteopenia, acompanhadas em ambulatórios especializados em osteoporose e climatério, comparando-as com pacientes com densidade mineral óssea (DMO) normal. MÉTODOS: estudo de série de casos transversal, observacional, que se propôs a analisar, por meio do questionário Medical Outcomes Study 36 Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), a qualidade de vida de mulheres com osteopenia e osteoporose. Foram avaliadas 124 mulheres na pós-menopausa divididas em três grupos: 55 pacientes com diagnóstico densitométrico de osteoporose, 35 com o de osteopenia e 34 que apresentavam DMO normal. Os três grupos foram comparados com relação aos dados demográficos, características clínicas e de estilo de vida e aos diferentes domínios do SF-36. RESULTADOS: as pacientes dos grupos osteopenia e DMO normal apresentaram menor idade média (56,7±7,1 e 52,9±5,4 anos), maior índice de massa corpórea (IMC) (28,6±3,7 e 30,9±5,1 kg/m²) e menor tempo de menopausa (8,4±5,9 e 5,8±4,5 anos) quando comparadas ao grupo osteoporose (61,8±10,1 anos, IMC de 25,7±5,3 kg/m², 15,5±7,5 anos, respectivamente; p<0,05). de acordo com o SF-36, não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos com relação aos domínios, à exceção do domínio vitalidade, que se mostrou superior no grupo osteoporose. Com relação à impressão pessoal sobre seu estado de saúde, das pacientes que o consideraram bom, um maior percentual pertencia ao grupo osteoporose, e entre aquelas que o consideraram ruim, um percentual menor pertencia ao grupo osteopenia. CONCLUSÃO: a qualidade de vida foi similar em mulheres com osteoporose e osteopenia, em relação às com DMO normal, à exceção do domínio vitalidade, que foi superior, paradoxalmente, nas pacientes com osteoporose.

O esporte e suas implicações na saúde óssea de atletas adolescentes

A adolescência é um período fundamental para a aquisição da massa óssea. em adolescentes atletas, o pico de massa óssea pode apresentar maior incremento, em virtude do estresse mecânico imposto aos ossos pelo exercício físico praticado. O objetivo desta revisão foi investigar o papel do treinamento esportivo vigoroso e precoce sobre a saúde óssea de atletas adolescentes. Através da revisão da literatura científica, envolvendo adolescentes atletas de diferentes modalidades e de ambos os sexos, é possível inferir que a densidade mineral óssea é potencializada pelos exercícios, quando grupos de atletas são comparados com grupos de controle. Entretanto, muito se discute na literatura quanto à recomendação da intensidade adequada da prescrição de exercício físico para população adolescente, uma vez que, caso o treinamento se torne muito extenuante, os benefícios gerados pela atividade sobre a saúde dos ossos podem ser minimizados ou anulados. Embora muita controvérsia ainda envolva o tema, independente do tipo de esporte praticado, o aumento de intensidade do treinamento deve ser razoável e coerente com as metas, sendo enfatizado treinamento seguro e eficaz para cada uma das faixas de idade e momentos da maturação biológica, independente dos calendários competitivos.

Fatores de risco para osteoporose em mulheres na pós-menopausa do sudeste brasileiro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quality parameters of the tibiae and femora of ostriches

An experiment was carried out to establish mean bone quality values of the tibiae and femora of ostriches and to evaluate these bones. The right leg bones of 10 males and 10 female African Black ostriches were evaluated. Birds were radiographed immediately after slaughter (during bleeding), with the aid of a portable X-ray apparatus. The obtained radiographs were scanned and bone mineral density means were obtained using software. Bone strength, Seedor index, and dry matter percentage were evaluated and correlated to weight gain during the finishing period (3-13 months of age). Mean values of the evaluated bone quality traits, not previously found in literature, were established. There were no significant differences between males and females in performance or bone quality parameters. It was concluded that male and female ostriches present similar performance and bone quality at slaughter age.

Comparison of techniques for tibial dyschondroplasia assessment in broiler chickens

This study was carried out at Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of four techniques in the assessment of tibial dyschondroplasia lesions in broiler chickens. Four hundred Cobb male chicks were reared from 1 to 39 days of age. At 39 days, forty birds were selected and tibial dyschondroplasia status was assessed by four different techniques: evaluation using the lixiscope, macroscopic examination, histological examination and bone mineral density assessment using optical radiographic densitometry. The efficacy of each technique to assess dyschondroplasia lesions in the tibial growth plate was determined in comparison to histology, which was considered to be 100% efficient. The correlation results between lixiscope analysis and histology were poor. Macroscopic scores and densitometry readings were highly correlated with histology scores, and it is considered that these techniques reliably reproduce the status of the growth plate.

Marcadores do metabolismo ósseo em gatos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise da influência do ultrassom de baixa intensidade na região de reparo ósseo em ratos sob ausência de carga

Há evidências de que o ultrassom (US) de baixa intensidade pode acelerar a regeneração óssea. Este trabalho objetivou verificar a ação do US no defeito ósseo, criado experimentalmente em tíbias de ratos sob ausência de carga. Vinte Rattus novergicus albinus, Wistar adultos, divididos em: G1 (n=10), grupo experimental de 15 dias sem suspensão, e G2 (n=10), grupo experimental de 15 dias suspenso pela cauda, foram submetidos à osteotomia em ambas as tíbias e à aplicação do US, frequência de 1,5 MHz, ciclo de trabalho 1:4, 30 mW/cm², nas tíbias direitas por 12 sessões de 20 minutos. Após o sacrifício, as tíbias foram submetidas à análise da Densidade Mineral Óssea (DMO). Os resultados demonstraram DMO de 0,139±0,018 g/cm² para tíbia tratada; 0,131±0,009 g/cm² para tíbia controle no G1; e no G2 registrou-se 0,120±0,009 g/cm² para tíbia tratada e 0,106±0,017 g/cm² para tíbia controle. Houve diferença significante entre os grupos nos quais o G2 apresentou menor DMO, o que demonstra que a suspensão prejudica a manutenção das propriedades ósseas, e entre as tíbias tratadas e controles do G2, demonstrando que o US acelerou o processo de reparo, concluindo que a impossibilidade do estímulo mecânico causada pela não deambulação em um processo de reparo ósseo pode ser minimizada pela ação do US. No G1, a aplicação do US não teve influência significante no aumento da DMO, talvez pelo fato dos animais já terem estímulo mecânico suficiente à formação óssea.

Dental Implants in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Clinical Reality?

Osteoporosis is a systemic disorder characterized by generalized decrease in bone mineral density. Dental implantology is a specialty with high predictability when both quantity and quality of the bone are respected. Therefore, the diagnosis and the implant treatment in patients with osteoporosis are important. In the current study, a literature review about osteoporosis and dental implant therapy was conducted. PubMed, Cochrane, ISI, Dentistry Oral Science, SciELO, and Bireme databases were consulted over the last 20 years. English- and Portuguese-language articles were included in this revision. Some authors stated that the osteoporotic bone is similar to the proposed model of bone type IV. Randomized clinical studies reported implant failure in patients with osteoporosis after menopause. Studies that contraindicate the use of implants in patients with osteoporosis infer that the impaired bone metabolism led to reduction of bone healing around the implants. Nevertheless, other authors believe that the presence of osteoporosis is not a definitive condition to contraindicate the therapy with dental implants. In these cases, the dentist should perform a proper treatment planning, modifying the implant geometry, and use larger implant diameter and with surface treatment. Thus, osteoporosis is not a contraindication for implant surgery because an accurate analysis of bone quality by means tomography is performed.