Influence of recovery manipulation after hyperlactemia induction on the lactate minimum intensity

This study analyzed the influence of recovery phase manipulation after hyperlactemia induction on the lactate minimum intensity during treadmill running. Twelve male runners (24.6 +/- A 6.3 years; 172 +/- A 8.0 cm and 62.6 +/- A 6.1 kg) performed three lactate minimum tests involving passive (LMT(P)) and active recoveries at 30%vVO(2max) (LMT(A30)) and 50%vVO(2max) (LMT(A50)) in the 8-min period following initial sprints. During subsequent graded exercise, lactate minimum speed and VO(2) in LMT(A50) (12.8 +/- A 1.5 km h(-1) and 40.3 +/- A 5.1 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those in LMT(A30) (13.3 +/- A 1.6 km h(-1) and 42.9 +/- A 5.3 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) and LMT(P) (13.8 +/- A 1.6 km h(-1) and 43.6 +/- A 6.1 ml kg(-1) min(-1)). In addition, lactate minimum speed in LMT(A30) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in LMT(P). These results suggest that lactate minimum intensity is lowered by active recovery after hyperlactemia induction in an intensity-dependent manner compared to passive recovery.

Thermal behaviour of corn starch granules under action of fungal alpha-amylase

Corn starch, partially hydrolyzed by fungal alpha-amylase was investigated by using thermal analysis, microscopy and X-ray diffraction. After enzymatic treatment lower degradation onset temperatures were observed. DSC analysis showed almost similar range of gelatinization temperature, however, the enthalpies of gelatinization increased for the partially hydrolyzed starch granules. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, stronger cereal pattern peaks were recognized after enzymatic digestion. The results suggested that the hydrolysis was more pronounced in the amorphous part of the starch granules.

Dissociated time course recovery between rate of force development and peak torque after eccentric exercise

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

New strategies in the preparation of exfoliated thermoplastic starch-montmorillonite nanocomposites

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of Cold Water Immersion and Active Recovery on Post-Exercise Heart Rate Variability

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential benefits of cold water immersion (CWI) and active recovery (AR) on blood lactate concentration ([Lac]) and heart rate variability (HRV) indices following high-intensity exercise. 20 male subjects were recruited. on the first visit, an incremental test was performed to determine maximal oxygen consumption and the associated speed (MAS). The remaining 3 visits for the performance of constant velocity exhaustive tests at MAS and different recovery methods (6 min) were separated by 7-day intervals [randomized: CWI, AR or passive recovery (PR)]. The CWI and AR lowered [Lac] (p < 0.05) at 11, 13 and 15 min after exercise cessation in comparison to PR. There was a 'time' and 'recovery mode' interaction for 2 HRV indices: standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) (partial eta squared = 0.114) and natural log of low-frequency power density (lnLF) (partial eta squared = 0.090). CWI presented significantly higher SDNN compared to PR at 15 min of recovery (p < 0.05). In addition, greater SDNN values were found in CWI vs. AR during the application of recovery interventions, and at 30 and 75 min post-exercise (p < 0.05 for all differences). The lnLF during the recovery interventions and at 75 min post-exercise was greater using CWI compared with AR (p < 0.05). For square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD) and natural log of high-frequency power density (lnHF), a moderate effect size was found between CWI and PR during the recovery interventions and at 15 min post-exercise. Our findings show that AR and CWI offer benefits regarding the removal of [Lac] following high-intensity exercise. While limited, CWI results in some improvement in post-exercise cardiac autonomic regulation compared to AR and PR. Further, AR is not recommended if the aim is to accelerate the parasympathetic reactivation.

Morphological, mechanical properties and biodegradability of biocomposite thermoplastic starch and polycaprolactone reinforced with sisal fibers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

MAXIMAL LACTATE STEADY-STATE INDEPENDENT of RECOVERY PERIOD DURING INTERMITTENT PROTOCOL

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Production and physicochemical properties of resistant starch from hydrolysed wrinkled pea starch

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Is maximal lactate steady state during intermittent cycling different for active compared with passive recovery?

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Levels of replacing corn by cassava starch on performance and carcass characteristics of bulls finished in feedlot

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effects of intrauterine malnutrition on brain free amino acids of young rats, after nutritional recovery during lactation period

The effect of protein-calorie malnutrition during gestation on the brain amino acids of rat pups was studied following nutritional recovery during lactation. The brain amino acids of rat pups born to dam rats malnourished during gestation were studied after these rat pups received proper nutrition during lactation. Pregnant rats were fed a 1% protein diet with total caloric intake restricted to half that of controls. After birth, the offspring of rats fed on deficient diets were nurtured up to the 28th day postpartum by foster mothers receiving adequate diets. At this time, the offspring were killed. The control group consisted of offspring from pregnant rats fed a diet with adequate protein (21%) and calories during the entire gestation and lactation period. Quantitation of brain amino acids in the pups at 28 days postpartum showed lower concentrations of essential and nonessential amino acids in the rats malnourished during gestation. Concentrations of histidine, glycine, and α-aminobutyric acids were all reduced. These findings demonstrate that the brains of rat pups malnourished during gestation show persistent decreases in specific brain amino acids after adequate postpartum nutrition.

Review of sour cassava starch production in rural Colombian areas

Sour cassava starch is traditionally produced in Latin America for preparation of cheesebreads such as 'pan de yuca' and 'pandebono' in Colombia, and 'pao de queijo' in Brazil. The processing involved is described and improvements suggested. Criteria for quality assessment of sour cassava starch are based on consumers' requirements. Recommendations are made for improving the processing and product quality. Alternatives are given for extending the potential value of this traditional foodstuff.

The structure of waxy corn starch: Effect of granule size

The granules of waxy corn starch were isolated and various samples were separated by size and classified according to their average diameter in: non-separated granules (N), granules with diameter < 15 μm (S) and granules with diameter ≥ 15 μm (L). The samples were hydrolyzed by bacterial α-amylase and fungal amyloglucosidase. The starch granules remaining after enzymatic hydrolysis were analysed by X-ray diffraction and optical and scanning electron microscopy. Sephadex G-50 gel permeation chromatography of the dissolved residues from the hydrolysis of the N and S samples was performed directly and after successive enzymatic digestion with pullulanase and β-amylase. The results showed that the percentage of hydrolysis increased with a decrease in diameter. No apparent differences in waxy corn starch when observed under light and scanning electronic microscope were observed, regardless of diameter and enzyme action, although both large and small granules showed extensive surface corrosion after enzymatic attack. X-ray analysis suggested a decrease in the quantity of crystalline areas in the smaller granules, which would explain the high percentage of hydrolysis evidenced by these granules. The elution patterns of the α-glucans of both starches (N and S) were similar and reveled the presence of two fractions which were not susceptible to a-amylase and amyloglucosidase attack suggesting that these fractions were involved in the waxy corn starch crystalline regions. Debranching with pullulanase followed by gel-permeation chromatography showed that the amylopectins from the starch granules studied contained three groups of unit chains instead of the two reported in the literature.