Ecologia de cultivos: caracterização dos aspectos ecológicos dos diferentes cultivos no município de Cristais Paulistas-SP

Planning is an essential instrument for the agricultural occupation of the lands, because it supports the activities of food production and raw materials. It must be driven by techniques that provide the sustainability of these activities, so that also ensures the environmental balance of agroecosystems. Lands misuse can be considered as one of the causes of frustration of agricultural activities. Thus, the occurrence of discrepancies between the effective use (real use) of the land and its agricultural aptitude can compete, in many cases, to the decrease of productivity, as well as for soil degradation. In this way, this research intends to study the relationship between the temporary cultivations, halfperennial cultures, perennial and its developmental environment, determining the edaphoclimatic characteristics of landscapes. From then on, a letter shall be subject to the use and occupation of the soil for agriculture in the municipality of Cristais Paulista-SP, aiming to describe the spatial organization of land use and vegetation cover, and emphasizing management and conservative practices. For that, climatic factors were characterized, fundamentally humidity, temperature and luminosity; edaphics, including parental material, chemical and physical properties, fertility, soil temperature and climatic zoning; biotic, referring to the suitability of different cultures or to be implanted; physical, such as geomorphology, slope, geology, hypsometry and hydrology; socioeconomic, in particular production and marketing seasons; and the way they all, together, affect the adaptation, distribution and production of crops. Using this information, the zoning of the area of study was done based on the 21 nominated groups obtained, in addition to recommendations and suggestions for handling each type of cultivation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Geotecnologias na avaliação da suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa no município de Várzea Paulista (SP)

The disordered occupation in several cities in Brazil, is very common, especially during the rainy season, there are numerous cases of gravitational mass movements, with deads of human and builds destruction. The main objective of this work was to identify and map areas to mass movements, through the geo, the municipality of Várzea Paulista, the state of Sao Paulo. For the purpose, were prepared thematic maps of slope, geology, pedology, geomorphology and land use and occupation, which were overlaid using ArcGIS GIS Multicriteria Analysis. Each subject received a weight of influence to the outbreak of such processes and the final result was obtained map of susceptibility to mass movements of the city of Várzea Paulista. This survey found that there are many occupied areas within the city that require monitoring of the Government, especially in the rainy months, because they are in very fragile in terms of geological and geomorphological features. Considering that the data on the physical and natural aspects are scarce in the literature for this region, the results obtained in this study as well as the gathering of information of the physical and cartographic products developed, will greatly contribute to the administration of the municipality, subsidies they provide for the proper use planning and land tenure, pointing out the weak areas of the city geotechnical point of view

Geotecnologias para a análise da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Wenzel - Rio Claro/SP: proposta de gestão de recursos hídricos

The expansion of urban in medium-sized citie, increase the importance of action planning and management of natural resources, among which water is the most important. Such action should include the integration of physical and man-made elements involved. In this context, it becomesimportant for watershed analysis and the use of geotecnologies. Thus, the objective was to demonstrate the contribution of the geo, as a tool for managing a river basin, allowing the integration of physical data and the analysis of anthropogenic environmental scenarios in urban areas. The area chosen, the basin of the Wenzel, is located in Rio Claro / SP, a city whose urbanization process has been intense and continuous. Thematic maps were generated from the physical environment: soil, slope and geological, as well as maps of land use. With regard to land use maps, these were drawn from the visual interpretation of material aerophotogrammetric, considering the years 1995 and 2010, performing an evolutionary analysis. It was observed that the area presents small variation in the physical and structural aspects, with lithological and geomorphological formation favoring the occurrence of floods, erosion and siltation. These processes are accelerated by the forms of land use, with intense urbanization during the period between 1995 and 2010, and poor preservation of permanent preservation areasand. In the floodplain areas there is a high waste disposal is the most notable environmental problem

Mapeamento geológico-geomorfológico na região de Quirinópolis-GO

Geological and geomorphological mapping is an important tool for the characterization of physical environment, thus enabling the planning and use of areas more efficiently. This work represents a geological- geomorphologic mapping on the scale of 1:20.000 in the rural area of Quirinópolis – GO town, where outcrop rocks of Paraná Sedimentary Basin, specifically the Bauru Group. Through the methodology of analysis of integrated elements of the physical environment, it was possible to delineate geological- geomorphological five units, which were characterized as lithology, topography, soil conditions, and operating processes, and the development of weathering profiles bring of great importance for planning of land use as occupation thus avoiding further degradation of the physical environment

Aplicação de técnicas de geoprocessamento para a avaliação da expansão urbana no municípo de Duque de Caxias (RJ) como subsídio ao monitoramento de dutos: trecho da faixa de dutos Rio de Janeiro - Belo Horizonte

Different forms of human pressure may occur in the pipeline ranges, due to the large extensions and various configurations of land use, which can pass through the pipelines. Due to the dynamics of these pressures, it is necessary to monitor temporal changes of land use and cover the surface. Under this theme, appears as extremely important to use products and techniques of remote sensing, as they allow the identification of objects of the land surface that may compromise the security and monitoring of the pipeline, and allows the extraction of information conditions on land use at different periods of time. Based on the above, this paper aims to examine in a temporal approach, the process of urban expansion in the municipality of Duque de Caxias, located on the outskirts of the metropolitan area of the state of Rio de Janeiro, as well as settlement patterns characteristic of areas that the changes occurred in the period 1987 to 2010. We used the technique of visual analysis to perform the change detection and the technique of image classification, aimed at monitoring human pressure over a stretch of track pipeline Rio de Janeiro - Belo Horizonte, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The stages of work involved the characterization of the study area, urban sprawl and the existing settlement patterns, through the analysis of bibliographic data. The processing of Landsat 5 images and the application of the technique of change detection were performed in three scenes for the years 1987, 1998 and 2010, while the classification process was performed on the image RapidEye for the year 2010. Can be noted an increase in urban area of approximately 22.38% and the change of land cover from natural to built. This growth is concentrated outside to the area of direct influence of the duct, occurring in the area of indirect influence of the enterprise. Regarding the settlement patterns of growth areas, it was observed that these are predominantly

Urbanização e recursos hídricos: vulnerabilidade socioambiental na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Piracicamirim na cidade de Piracicaba/SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A monopolização territorial e a (re) construção do território camponês em projetos de assentamento de reforma agrária

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diagnóstico do conflito de uso do solo em áreas de preservação permanente do Ribeirão das Posses (Igaraçu do Tietê-SP) visando a conservação dos recursos hídricos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Avaliação ambiental, caracterização da qualidade de água e transporte de sedimentos da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Monjolo Grande (SP)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Proposta de zoneamento ambiental das paisagens para o alto curso da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Sucuriú, Mato Grosso do Sul-Brasil

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Plantas e formigas em diferentes usos da terra e técnicas de restauração no Cerrado

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Estimativa da variação do estoque de carbono do solo em diferentes cenários de uso e manejo agropecuário no estado do Maranhão

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Cultivo da cana-de-açúcar e o uso do solo em áreas de preservação permanente

This study aimed to recognize the significant temporal changes in land use between 1984 and 2008 in Barra Bonita City/ SP and to analyze the conflicts of land use in permanent preservation areas (PPA) with reference to the Forest Code and Resolution N. 303/2002 of CONAMA. The GIS Idrisi Andes 5.0 – geographic information system was used and the images were processed by LANDSAT TM5. Maps of land use were obtained by Maxver supervised classification and showed that in 1984 the area occupied by sugar cane crop was about 10.50 ha (70%) in 1984 and 10.90 ha in 2008. In analysis of conflicts about land use in permanent preservation areas showed that in 24 years the sugar-cane crops increased 3.6% on PPA. The occupation was represented by adequate forest of 279.25 ha (31.5% of total) in 1984. In 2008, the sugar-cane crop was the biggest conflict in PPA occupying 357.9 ha and 11.4% corresponds to areas in preparation for use. This year, 59.5% of total PPA is at odds with environmental legislation.

Medições de áreas por fotografias aéreas, em escala nominal, comparadas com a área obtida em fotografias com escalas corrigidas por meio de um SIG

Land use management has becoming a very important activity. Aerial photo interpretation is a basic resource and constitutes in a technique which enables infinite refining. Agricultural development and land use require a careful initial planning in order not only to protect them against superficial changing provoked by natural phenomenon but also to gradually develop its productive capacity. For the efficiency of land management, it is necessary to access correct and detailed information which can be available through aerial images of remote sensing. The use of vertical aerial photography through Remote Sensing has become more common in boundary survey projects, management and exploration, mainly because it substitutes, with lots of advantage, for cartographic bases, besides offering detailed characteristics, eliminating access difficulties in inaccessible areas, as well as facilitating a tridimensional view once it increases map efficiency and accuracy by combining field and laboratory work with photography interpretation. This work, using panchromatic aerial photography in nominal scale 1:25000 (1962), 1:45000 (1977) , and approximate nominal scale of 1:30.000, originating from aerial survey obtained in 2005, aimed at showing through the Geographic Information System (GIS) the possibility of developing a more complete and accurate analysis of the area values, obtained directly from photos without scale correction, and after comparing it with area values obtained from aerial photography with correct scale referred in IGC (Brazilian Cartography and Geography Institute) guidelines, resulting in an error coefficient which shows area differences through two proposed study. Considering the aerial photography in three different years: 1962, 1977 and 2005 it is possible to affirm that the 2005’s images presented lower values of area difference (43, 48 square meters) than determined area values in reference chart and the 2005’s colored images has facilitated the photo interpretation of the landscape, becoming accurate the confronting traces and among land owners and consequently offering precision during land marking.

Adequabilidade das áreas de vegetação ripária da microbacia do Córrego Comur - Botucatu (SP) em função da legislação ambiental

The inadequate soil use is an aggravating factor of the environmental degradation and ecological unbalance. The analysis of the use and covering of the soil, by information of Remote Sensing, constitutes a technique of great usefulness to the planning and administration of the ordered occupation and rational of the physical middle, besides making possible to evaluate and to monitor the preservation of areas of natural vegetation. This work sought to evaluate the conflicts of soil use in permanent preservation areas (PPA) in Stream Comur watershed - Botucatu (SP) through Geographical Information System and satellite image of 2009. The study area is located among the geographical coordinates 48o 23’ 04” to 48o 25’ 54” of longitude WGr. and 22o 44’ 42” to 22o 48” 12” of latitude S with an area of 1,719.6 ha. The results allowed to verify that the geoprocessing techniques were of fundamental importance in the identification of the areas of soil use, of APP and of conflicts among use and PPA where it leaves of the areas of APP is being used inadequately. In terms of environmental sustainability, it can be deduced that the watershed is very unfavorable, once it presents 70.67% of area used inadequately with sugarcane and pasture.