Cytotoxicity and Regenerative Proliferation as the Mode of Action for Diuron-Induced Urothelial Carcinogenesis in the Rat

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Transcriptional Profile of Diuron-Induced Toxicity on the Urinary Bladder of Male Wistar Rats to Inform Mode of Action

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protective effects of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus STAPF) essential oil on DNA damage and carcinogenesis in female Balb/C mice

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The role of the TP53 gene during rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Gastric proliferative lesions induced by duodenogastric reflux in rats

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as lesões proliferativas que se desenvolvem na mucosa gástrica de ratos Wistar após modelo específico de refluxo duodeno-gástrico. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 75 ratos adultos machos divididos em três grupos experimentais: o grupo I (controle) submetido a gastrotomia na parede posterior do estômago glandular (25 animais); o grupo II (RDG), foi submetido a gastrojejunoanastomose látero-lateral na parede posterior do estômago glandular (25 animais) e o grupo III (RDG-P) submetido a gastrojejunoanastomose látero-lateral na parede posterior do estômago glandular, com secção e fechamento da alça (25 animais). Os animais foram observados durante 36 semanas, após o que foram realizados estudos macroscópicos e microscópicos da anastomose gastrojejunal, da região pré-pilórica e região escamosa do estômago. RESULTADOS: Os animais do Grupo I não apresentaram nenhum tipo de lesão. No grupo II observou-se 40% de lesões do tipo hiperplasia adenomatosa na anastomose e 12% de hiperplasia escamosa. No grupo III obteve-se 40% de hiperplasia adenomatosa na mucosa pré-pilórica, 72 % de hiperplasia adenomatosa na mucosa da anastomose, 20% de hiperplasia escamosa e 12 % de adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSÕES: O refluxo duodeno-gástrico induz a alta freqüência de lesões proliferativas na mucosa adjacente à anastomose gastrojejunal ou na mucosa pré-pilórica e o adenocarcinoma é um evento raro neste modelo experimental.

Digital dermatitis of the accessory digits of dairy cows

Esse estudo caracteriza lesões de dermatite digital (DD) nos dígitos acessórios de vacas leiteiras, além de apresentar a terapia aplicada. Foram utilizados 15 bovinos leiteiros da raça Holandês com DD nos dígitos acessórios dos membros pélvicos. Os animais eram provenientes de quatro fazendas leiteiras com histórico prévio de dermatite digital (DD). Todos os quinze animais foram tratados da mesma forma: após excisão das lesões e sutura das feridas cutâneas, aplicou-se oxitetraciclina pó topicamente sob bandagem e oxitetraciclina (20mg/kg) de longa ação, via intramuscular. Obtiveram-se amostras de tecidos para histopatologia, inclusive por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Observou-se cicatrização em todos os animais após 15 dias do procedimento cirúrgico. A maioria das lesões macroscópicas foram projeções papilomatosas ou em forma de verrugas. Os achados histopatológicos de todas as amostras revelaram hiperplasia da epiderme com hiperceratose, inúmeras mitoses no estrato basal, com invasões alongadas em forma de rede na derme superficial e intermediária. A MET evidenciou organismos com formas longas, afiladas e espiraladas, presumivelmente espiroquetas. Tanto as características morfológicas, quanto a resposta à terapia das lesões foram comparáveis às descritas para DD.

CYR61, a cellular proliferation marker in dogs with prostatic disease

The life expectancy of dogs is increasing and is associated with a greater frequency of age-related disease, including that of the prostate gland. A marker of cell proliferation, CYR61, may be detected in a number of conditions in humans, including hyperplasia and neoplasia. The objective of the present study was to investigate the degree of CYR61 expression in a number of different prostate diseases in dogs in order to understand the potential of this marker for diagnosis of prostatic disease. Immunohistochemistry with a CYR61 antibody was performed on prostatic tissue from 22 dogs with different diseases. Intense stromal staining was observed in cases of prostatic dysplasia and benign prostate hyperplasia. In contrast, CYR61 staining was very intense in alveolar epithelial cells in cases of epithelial benign prostate hyperplasia and one case of adenocarcinoma. An obvious CYR61 staining pattern was absent in cases of prostatitis. In conclusion, CYR61 may be a useful marker of cell proliferation in a number of prostatic pathologies, although further studies of normal tissue are warranted. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 expression in canine normal prostate and with proliferative disorders

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a expressão das metaloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) e 9 (MMP-9) em próstatas caninas normais e com desordens proliferativas, verificando o papel dessas enzimas na remodelação da matriz extracelular (MEC) e no processo de invasão tecidual. Um total de 355 amostras prostáticas foram obtidas, sendo 36 (10,1%) normais, 46 (13,0%) com hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB), 128 (36,1%) com atrofia inflamatória proliferativa (PIA), 74 (20,8%) com neoplasia intraepitelial prostática (PIN) e 71 (20,0%) com carcinoma prostático (CP). Houve diferença de imunomarcação citoplasmática para MMP-2 e MMP-9 entre o epitélio acinar e o estroma periacinar, quanto aos diferentes diagnósticos. Observou-se correlação entre a expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 em relação ao número de células marcadas no epitélio acinar e estroma periacinar, bem como para a intensidade de marcação das células estromais periacinares em próstatas caninas com PIA. Conclui-se que há variação na expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 em próstatas caninas de acordo com a lesão, com menor expressão em próstatas caninas normais e com HPB, e maior naquelas com PIA, PIN e CP. Ainda, o microambiente inflamatório na PIA influencia a atividade de ambas as enzimas.

Epidemiology, clinical signs, histopathology and molecular characterization of canine leproid granuloma: a retrospective study of cases from Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Padrões histopatológicos das lesões descamativas e ulcerativas da pele em cães com leishmaniose

Canine visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic infectious disease in some São Paulo state regions and even though it is a systemic disease, in the dog, the main clinical sign is dermatological. Thirty dogs with positive results in serology and parasitological exams for leishmaniasis from Aracatuba city were evaluated. They just showed dermatological signs and were divided in two groups, one with exfoliative(n = 15) and other with ulcerative (n = 15) lesions. Histopathological. patterns in the group of exfoliative lesions were: periadnexial dermatitis (5115, 33,3%), superficial perivascular dermatitis (1/5, 6,6%), nodular dermatitis (1115, 6,6%) and mixed dermatitis (8/15, 53,3%), including intersticial/periadnexial dermatitis (1/8, 12,5%). lichenoid/perivascular superficial and deep dermatitis (1/8, 12,5%), perivascular superficial and deep/periadnexial dermatitis (1/8, 12,5%) and superficial perivascular/perianexial dermatitis (5/8, 62,5%). In the group of ulcerative lesions, the histopathological patterns were: perivascular superficial and deep dermatitis (5115, 33,3%), diffuse dermatitis (3/15. 20%), periadnexial dermatitis (2/15, 13,3%), nodular dermatitis (1/15, 6,6%) and mixed dermatitis (4/15, 26,6%), including intersticial/perivascular superficial and deep dermatitis (1/4, 25%), nodular/periadnexial dermatitis (1/4, 25%), fibrosing/perianexial dermatitis (1/4. 25%) and perivascular superficial and deep/periadnexial dermatitis(1/4, 25%). Parasites were found in eight dogs (8/15, 53,3%) with exfoliative dematitis and seven (7/15, 46,6%) with ulcerative dermatitis.

Mandibular Movement Restoration Through Bilateral Coronoidectomy by Intraoral Approach

The present study aimed at reporting a clinical and surgical case of bilateral coronoidectomy, using an intraoral approach. The patient is a 26-year-old man, who sought attendance complaining of a gradual reduction of his oral opening in the past 3 years; however, he had an aggravation in the last 2 months. After clinical examination and imaging evaluation, the diagnosis of coronoid process hyperplasia was confirmed, and the surgical treatment was proposed. Under general anesthesia, with nasotracheal intubation guided by a nasofiberendoscope, using an intraoral approach, the bilateral coronoidectomy was performed. In the immediate postoperative period, an increase of the buccal opening measured 29 mm, representing an enhancement of 11 mm, and in the 30th postoperative day, it measured 31.12 mm. During the clinical follow-up period, a reestablishment of the mandibular movements was observed. Therefore, coronoidectomy by an intraoral approach and the physiotherapy performed in the postoperative period were efficient procedures.

Cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients

Background: the incidence of gingival overgrowth (GO) associated with the use of cyclosporin A (CsA) is controversial. In the present study, we determined the incidence of GO in Brazilian renal transplant patients treated with CsA and the possible associations between periodontal and pharmacological variables.Methods: the test group consisted of 20 renal transplant patients, and the control group included 20 non-transplant patients. Periodontal conditions were evaluated based on the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and the rate of gingival overgrowth, together with pharmacological variables (daily CsA dose and duration of treatment).Results: A significant difference in PI (P<0.0001) and PD (P<0.0001) was observed between groups, while GI (P=0.15) did not differ significantly. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, a significant correlation was observed not only between GI (P<0.001; r=0.8141) and GO, but also for PD (P<0.001; r=0.866) and GO. The other correlations were not statistically significant.Conclusions: We conclude that GO induced by CsA may vary according to the individual sensitivity of each patient and may or may not be correlated with other local factors (periodontal variables).

Effects of low-level laser therapy (685 nm) at different doses in osteogenic cell cultures

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Freqüência de Candida sp. em biópsias de lesões da mucosa bucal

O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a freqüência da infecção por Candida sp. em biópsias de lesões da mucosa bucal, assim como associar a presença de Candida sp. com lesões malignas e lesões com vários graus de displasia. Foram utilizadas 832 biópsias da mucosa bucal, previamente incluídas em parafinas, cujos blocos foram obtidos dos arquivos da Disciplina de Patologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara da UNESP, no período entre 1990-2001. Três cortes seqüenciais foram corados pelo ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS). do total de biópsias 27,2% foram PAS positivas, dessas 83,25% eram provenientes de pacientes do sexo masculino. Houve associação positiva entre infecção com displasia epitelial leve, moderada, severa, carcinoma espinocelular e hiperqueratose (p < 0,05). Não houve associação entre hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, líquen plano, granuloma piogênico (p < 0,05) com infecções fúngicas. A língua foi o sítio mais acometido por infecções em relação a outros sítios (p < 0,05). A partir dos dados quantitativos, concluiu-se que houve correlação positiva de infecção por fungos, lesões displásicas e carcinoma, sendo mais freqüente no sexo masculino. Estes dados não permitem inferir se o fungo causa displasia epitelial e carcinoma, mas confirmam a maior presença de Candida nessas lesões.

Morphological and histochemical study of the myotomal muscle in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887) during the initial growth phases

Morphological and histochemical methods were used to evaluate the myotomal muscle characteristics of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) from hatching to 40 days old. During the larval period, the musculature consisted predominantly of white muscle. White and red muscle mass increased at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after hatching. The larvae had round muscle fibers with a moderate degree of maturation and central nuclei. In subsequent phases, small and immature fibers were visible near larger and more differentiated fibers. Undifferentiated cells or presumptive myoblasts located in embryogenic zones were visible in the dorsal and ventral regions, and were more evident at 30 and 40 days. The red muscle fibers located in the subdermal region, had oxidative metabolism and slow contraction, whereas the more predominant white muscle fibers had glycolytic metabolism and fast contraction. Our findings indicate that during the initial phases, myotomal muscle growth in pacu occurs by both, muscle fiber hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The analysis of frequency of red and white muscle fibers shows that hyperplastic growth is intense in this period. As the growth rate in adult fish is related to the number of muscle fibers in young fish, extrinsic factors could change the muscle fiber phenotype and influence their ultimate size.