Osterradionecrose dos maxilares

The osteoradionecrosis (ORN) during long was considered as hum type of osteomyelitis spent bone, being one of the major complications of radiotherapy head and neck. This complicate are presents despite advances in the treatment of cancer patients, Therefore, the objective of this work was to emphasize the main factors predisposing ORN, its clinical features and treatment through a literature review.

Storage media for avulsed teeth: a literature review

Dental avulsion is the most severe type of traumatic tooth injuries because it causes damageto several structures and results in the complete displacement of the tooth from its socketin the alveolar bone. The ideal situation is to replant an exarticulated tooth immediatelyafter avulsion because the extraoral time is a determinant factor for treatment successand for a good prognosis. However, it is not always possible. The success of replantationdepends on a number of factors that may contribute to accelerate or minimize theoccurrence of root resorption or ankylosis, among which is the type and characteristicsof the medium used for temporary storage during the time elapsed between avulsionand replantation. Maintaining the tooth in an adequate wet medium that can preserve,as longer as possible, the vitality of the periodontal ligament cells that remain on rootsurface is the key to success of replantation. Recent research has led to the developmentof storage media that produce conditions that closely resemble the original socketenvironment, with adequate osmolality (cell pressure), pH, nutritional metabolites andglucose, and thus create the best possible conditions for storage. Although these storagemedia can now be purchased in the form of retail products, the most common scenariois that such a product will not be readily available at the moment of the accident Thispaper reviews the literature on the different storage media that have been investigatedfor avulsed teeth based on full-length papers retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, BBOand SciELO electronic databases using the key words storage medium , transportationmedium , avulsion , tooth avulsion , replantation , tooth replantation , milk and propolis .After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 papers were selected and criticallyreviewed with respect to the characteristics, efficacy and ease of access of the storagemedium. The review of the lite

Uso de implantes zigomáticos na fixação de próteses bucomaxilofaciais

The maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation aims of individuals with craniofacial deformities resulting from trauma, congenital malformations or tumors. Many researches have been done to improve the stability and retention of dentures in patients. With the advent of osseointegration, the maxillofacial prosthesis suffered a major advance making possible the realization of prosthetic works with stability, aesthetic quality and predictable results. This paper reviews the literature regarding the use of zygomatic implants in the fixation of maxillofacial prostheses.

O cuidador de paciente com neoplasia cerebral maligna primária: os desafios do cuidado

Patients with primary malignant brain tumor endure several motor and cognitive dysfunctions, demanding the presence of a caregiver even more because the time necessary for their assistance increases considerably. Usually this task is performed by a family relative, whose activities include taking care of the patient’s personal hygiene, escorting them to medical appointments, managing their money and performing their housework. All of this overwhelms the caregiver both physical and psychologically. This bibliographic research intends to analyze the role in which a caregiver plays in the quality of life of those kinds of patients, the complications of such task, the caregivers’ needs and the daily life of those terminal patients. It was used CAPES, PubMed and Google Academic databases for researching articles related to family caregivers who assisted adult patients with primary malignant brain tumor. The study concluded that being a caregiver of patients in such conditions harms one’s quality of life, with consequences such as stress, insomnia, financial problems and lack of social support. Theirs needs include: having someone to talk to about the matter, attending programs for reducing stress and increasing their knowledge about the disease. In advanced phases of the condition, the patient shows great mobility problems, aphasia and regular seizures, which end up overwhelming the caregiver. The level of quality of life found was above other types of cancer’s caregivers. Therefore, they represent a group with special needs, which should be especially handled by health professionals.

Nível de conhecimento dos professores de escolas públicas sobre a conduta frente ao traumatismo dentário

Introdução: o trauma dentário na infância ocorre com grande frequência, em especial em ambientes escolares. Portanto, é importante que educadores e funcionários das escolas saibam o que fazer frente a essa fatalidade, pois, após sua ocorrência, a rapidez na intervenção do cirurgião-dentista é um dos fatores que determinará o prognóstico de sucesso no tratamento. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento de professores de escolas públicas quanto ao tratamento emergencial em casos de traumatismo dentário. Métodos: quarenta professores de uma escola municipal e de uma creche foram entrevistados. O questionário abordava questões para identificação do perfil dos sujeitos, seu conhecimento acerca de primeiros socorros — incluindo traumas dentários —, qual tipo de traumatismo é mais frequente e quais são as condutas frente a esses traumatismos. Resultados: de um total de 40 entrevistados, 65% receberam treinamento de primeiros socorros, porém, apenas 52% receberam o treinamento do atendimento emergencial dos traumatismos dentários. Quarenta por cento já haviam presenciado casos de acidentes escolares envolvendo dentes, e a maioria dos entrevistados (55%) desconhecia a frequência com que isso ocorre. Um número significativo de pessoas tem dúvidas acerca da conduta correta a ser seguida quando da ocorrência de uma fratura coronária e da avulsão. Conclusão: conclui-se que o conhecimento dos professores sobre a conduta frente ao traumatismo dentário é inadequada. Programas educacionais, palestras explicativas e treinamentos devem ser realizados com esses profissionais, que são os primeiros a ter contato com casos de traumatismos dentários nas escolas.

Opportunistic microorganisms in patients with head and neck trauma

The use of antimicrobial agents has facilitated the dissemination of multi-resistant microorganisms, compromising dental and medical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of different opportunistic microbial species in patients who suffered head and neck trauma, under temporary maintenance in nosocomial environment, particularly intensive care units, on the occurrence of such microorganisms in the oral cavity of the patients. It was selected 38 patients subjected to head and neck traumas. After emergency surgical procedures, clinical samples of saliva, sub and supragingival biofilms and mucosal surfaces were collected at two different moments: just after stabilization of the patient and soon after patients’ release from medical units. The presence of opportunistic and superinfecting microorganisms was evaluated by culture on selective and non-selective media, and the presence of the family Enterobacteriaceae, as well as genera Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus was assessed by PCR. It was found that the use of antimicrobials, even for short periods of time was sufficient to facilitate colonization by microorganisms of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, as well as yeasts and enterococci. These results support the concept that medical and dental teams should make a periodically change of antimicrobials used in treatment protocols in hospital for head and neck trauma patients, in order to minimize dissemination of opportunistic or superinfecting microorganisms.

Reconstrução de maxila severamente atrófica via enxerto ósseo autógeno de calota craniana: descrição de técnica

Bone reconstructions are traditionally conducted with autogenous grafts harvested from intra- or extra-oral donor sites to reestablish the lost bone volume for further implant-prosthetic rehabilitation. The calvarial bone has been studied as an excellent donor site in large atrophic situations, presenting low resorption rates, as well as complications and minimal morbidity. The hospitalization time is short, with low pain levels, short functional limitations, and invisible scars. The skull microarchitecture is predominantly cortical in the presence of growth factors that demonstrate their osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive abilities resulting in low resorption rate and high predictability when compared to the iliac crest. Dural lacerations, extra and subdural bleeding, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and brain damage have been minimized due to the development of surgical technique. The delimitation of diploe, preserving the internal skull cortex before osteotomy at the donor made it possible to reduce accidents and complications. The aim of this paper is to show a technical and to discuss aspects of the use of calvarial bone in the reconstruction of severely atrophic maxilla for oral rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants.

Avaliação histomorfométrica dos efeitos da movimentação dentária induzida sobre molares de ratos submetidos à luxação extrusiva

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Uso de Redes Neurais ARTMAP Nebulosas para a classificação de padrões em sinais ECoG relacionados ao movimento dos dedos

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Avaliação histomor fométrica dos efeitos da movimentação dentária induzida sobre molares murinos submetidos à luxação extrusiva em períodos tardios

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Livre-arbítrio e a relação mente e cérebro em Benjamin Libet

My purpose is to reflect critically on how Benjamin Libet interprets his experiments, which are focused primarily on the question of free will. These experiments have often been considered as scientific evidence against free will, to the extent that they would have shown that the intention and will result from conscious brain processes, which are unconscious and precedents. But that is not the position of Libet, which distinguishes intention and conscious will, arguing that only the first results from previous and unconscious brain processes, while the second is autonomous and able to act causally on brain. Thus, Libet choose to ignore the suggestion of its initial experiments, that is, that all mental events result of specific brain processes. I argue that Libet ignores it because he is not able to understand how mental events, being essentially separated and at the same time the result of brain activity, could act causally on the brain.

Influência do treinamento aeróbico intradialítico no fluxo sanguíneo cerebral e o reflexo sobre a função cognitiva e qualidade de vida em pacientes renais crônicos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A linguagem e a neuróbica: a leitura e a narrativa como prática da ginástica laboral

A neuróbica é um conjunto de atividades que necessitam mobilizar extensas áreas do córtex cerebral para serem realizadas. Esta mobilização neuronal acarreta a formação de estímulos que fazem com que células especiais do tecido nervoso produzam neurotrofinas. Estas neurotrofinas agem sobre os neurônios fazendo com que seus prolongamentos cresçam para procurar novos contatos sinápticos o que em, última análise, da maior longevidade não só para este neurônio, mas para o neurônio que foi incluído no circuito pela nova sinapse realizada. Por isso trata-se de uma verdadeira ginastica para o cérebro. Acreditando que a leitura de textos criativos e com narrativa cheia de detalhes e cenas inusitadas e espetaculares são textos que podem ser usados para este fim, nos propusemos a analisar a obra Reinações de Narizinho de Monteiro Lobato neste contexto. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é Identificar se a leitura do texto da obra de Monteiro Lobato Reinações de Narizinho, pode fornecer elementos que desencadeiam a mobilização das mais diferentes áreas do córtex cerebral fazendo com que possa ser considerada uma leitura neuróbica. Para tal, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a temática da neuróbica na tentativa de identificar a prática desta atividade na leitura de textos que estimulam a imaginação e cognição. A conclusão deste trabalho é que a atividade de leitura é um imenso campo para a prática da neuróbica, e que aqueles textos que permitem o aguçar dos sentidos e emoções como é o exemplo de Reinações de Narizinho de Monteiro Lobato, podem ser utilizados como meio para a prática do exercício neuronal, pois estimulam amplamente a utilização de áreas corticais e circuitos neuronais localizados em diversas regiões cerebrais, dentre elas, a área da visão, sistema límbico, região do giro angular e supramarginal (áreas 39 e 40 de Brodmann, consideradas como integrantes...

Glioma misto em um cão: relato de caso

Intracranial neoplasms are common causes of neurological disorders in middle-aged and elderly dogs. With the feasibility of computed tomography, it is now possible to determine the extent and exact location of brain tumors, identifying them ante mortem in dogs and cats. This paper aims to report the occurrence of a mixed glioma in a Boxer dog examined at the Veterinary Hospital of Unesp, Botucatu Campus. The animal presented with a brain syndrome of acute onset and progressive course. CT scan showed the presence of a mass in the right cerebral hemisphere extending from the frontal to the parietal region and involving the basal ganglia. Given the gravity of the neurological disorder, the owner chose to perform euthanasia. Microscopic analysis of the mass allowed the diagnosis of mixed glioma.

Lissencefalia em cães e gatos: revisão

Lissencephaly is a condition characterized by a lack of cerebral convolutions and sulci, which results from defective migration of nervous cells precursors in the telencephalus. The cause is presumably genetic. Lhasa-Apso dogs are most frequently affected, even though it may also occur in association with cerebellar hypoplasia in the Irish Setter, Wire-Haired Terrier and Samoieda breeds. This association was also reported in a cat. Clinical signs consist of dementia, aggressiveness, seizures, visual and olfactive dysfunctions, slow postural reactions and reduced menace response. Definitive diagnosis requires exams such as magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral biopsy or necropsy. There is no specific therapy for this disease, and seizures must be treated with anticonvulsants. The aim of this study is to review the literature regarding lissencephaly.