Matéria seca, cálcio e fósforo em rações para ovinos, contendo farelo de algodão, levedura e uréia

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Níveis críticos de fósforo no solo e nas folhas para a implantação de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, em quatro tipos de solos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito de Diferentes Níveis de Manganês e Fósforo Sobre o Desempenho e a Qualidade da Casca dos Ovos de Poedeiras Comerciais

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the different levels of manganese and phosphorus (P) on the performance and eggshell quality and on determined blood constituents of 96 laying hens Hy-Line W36, with 60 weeks of age, distributed in 24 lots with four hens each. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a factorial arrangement (3x2), manganese levels (70, 140 and 210 ppm) and total phosphorus levels (.35 and .55%), totalizing six treatments with four replicates each. The experimental diets were isoproteic (16.0% CP), isocaloric (2800 kcal ME/kg), isocalcium (4.0% Ca) and isosodium (.16% Na). The manganese levels did not alter the production and eggshell quality. However, when hens were fed diets containing .35% of total P, there were observed decreases in the egg production, egg weight and egg mass, without alterations in eggshell quality characteristics. The supplemental manganese levels were not effective to improve eggshell quality at the final phase of production. The total phosphorus level of .35% was inadequate for the laying hens to express the normal production characteristics.

Composição Corporal e Exigências Nutricionais em Cálcio e Fósforo para Ganho e Mantença de Cordeiros Santa Inês dos 15 kg aos 25 kg de Peso Vivo

The research was carried out to determine body composition and calcium and phosphorus requirements of Santa Ines lambs. Eighteen entire male lambs with average initial live weight of 15 kg were used. The animals were allotted to three groups: six animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment, to access the amount of calcium and phosphorus present in the body, as reference animals for the comparative slaughter technique. Six animals were ad libitum fed and six were restrict fed (maintenance level plus 20%). The animals ad libitum and restrict fed started the experimental period by pairs and they were both slaughtered when the first reached 25 kg body weight. The body composition was estimated through the prediction equations obtained by regression of the logarithm of the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the empty body on the logarithm of the empty body weight. Net requirements for calcium and phosphorus for maintenance and the absorption coefficient were obtained through the correlation between the amount of each mineral consumed and retained in the animal body. The net requirements maintenance for live weight gain were obtained by means of derivation of the prediction of body composition equations. The net requirements maintainance of calcium and phosphorus for animals from 15 to 25 kg body weight were: 305 mg Ca/day and 325 mg P/day and net requirements for kg of the body weight gain for animals with 15 and 25 kg LW were 11.41 and 10.33 g Ca and 5.72 and 4.94 g P, respectively. The absorption coefficients were estimated to be .44 and 0.55 for Ca and P, respectively.

Efeitos do fósforo do solo no desenvolvimento inicial de Genipa americana L.

A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of soil phosphorus in the development of plants of Genipa americana L. Five doses of P (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg dm -3) were applied in pots with 10 dm 3 of three Neossolos Quartzarênicos (NQ 1, NQ 2 and NQ 3) and one Latossolo Vermelho (LV), that were used in an experiment with Eucalyptus plants during three months. After this period, the soils were analyzed and a 30 cm height seedling of G. americana was planted in each pot. The experiment design was completely randomized, in 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with five replications. The largest biomass of the stem was obtained with 45 mg dm -3 of P in the soil NQ 1 (9% of clay) and 59 mg dm -3 in the soil NQ 3 (14% of clay). In the LV (40% of clay), the biomass of the stem increased linearly in the band of 3 to 148 mg dm -3 of P. The phosphorus critical level in the soil for 80% of the steam and leaves dry matter production of G. americana at planting phase is 15 mg dm -3, using an anion-exchange resin as extractor.

Teores de nutrientes na folha e nos grãos de aveia-preta em função da adubação com fósforo e potássio

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito de níveis de fósforo no crescimento inicial, biomassa e atividade in vivo da fosfatase ácida em Lychnophora ericoides Mart

The effect of phosphorus levels on seedling growth, dry and fresh matter production, and in vivo acid phosphatase activity was studied in Lychnophora ericoides cultivated during 130 days after transplanting in a greenhouse. Experimental design was completely randomized, with four P 2O 5 levels (0; 40; 80; 160 mg dm -3 as triple superphosphate) and five replicates of four plants each. The used soil was dystrophic acid dark red latosol. Lychnophora ericoides is responsive to phosphate fertilization with modification in daily relative growth rate, dry matter production and distribution among the plant parts. Acid phosphatase activity had significant and negative correlation with total, leaf and stem dry matter production, as well as with P levels accumulated in the leaf tissue. On the other hand, acid phosphatase activity had significant and positive correlation with root/shoot ratio.

Efeito de níveis de fósforo não-fítico e de fitase sobre a tíbia de frangos de corte

It was evaluated the effect of nonphytate phosphorus (NNP) and phytase on broiler tibia. One thousand and two hundred chicks were allocated in a completely randomized design and factorial arrangement 4 x 3 (NPP x phytase levels), with four replicates. NPP levels, at each phase, were 0.45, 0.37, 0.29 and 0.21% - initial, 0.41, 0.33, 0.25 and 0.17% - growth, and 0.37, 0.29, 0.21 and 0.13% - withdrawal. Phytase levels were 0, 500 and 1000 FTU/kg of diet. There was no effect on diameter at 21 days of age. Tibia with lower weight, length and diaphysis, distal epiphysis and average densities e proximal epiphysis density resulted from NPP reduction from 0.37 to 0.29% and from 0.29 to 0.21%, respectively. Inclusion of 500 FTU/kg of phytase improved length and diaphysis density of the tibia, independent of NPP levels. Diets with NPP, at initial, growth and final phases, of 0.37, 0.33 and 0.29%, respectively, supplemented with 1000 FTU/kg of phytase, can be used with no negative effect on bone quality in broilers.

Correlação entre a densidade mineral óssea e níveis séricos de cálcio, fósforo e fosfatase alcalina total em gatos após tirotoxicose experimental

Hyperthyroidism is and endocrinal dysfunction characterized by excessive serum concentrations of thyroid gland hormones, which can cause several effects on the bone tissue in humans and in animals. For a better characterization of thyrotoxicosis effects on bone metabolism, 16 cats were induced into hyperthyroid state. Results showed that, in some moments a major bone demineralization of the right distal radium estremity promoted an elevation of the serum levels of phosphorus and total alkaline phosphatase.

Fertilizante orgânico como fonte de fósforo no cultivo inicial de brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú

Phosphorus is considered an essential element for plants, but it is found in low amounts in Brazilian soils, mainly in areas destined to pastures, and the application of organic matter contributes to the improvement of physical, chemical and biological soil attributes. The research had the objective of evaluating the application effects of the Bokashi organic compound on soil macro and micronutrients contents and leaves, as well as on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú dry mass yield, evaluating the potential of the organic fertilizer as phosphorus source, in comparison with conventional chemical fertilizers. Different organic compound doses supplied the soil with 17 kg P2O5 ha-1, 34 kg P2O5 ha-1, 68 kg P2O5 ha-1, 136 kg P 2O5 ha-1, and 204 kg P2O5 ha-1, comparing it with the conventional chemical fertilizer and the control. The results revealed that the organic fertilizer Bokashi can adequately replace the conventional chemical fertilizer of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú, supplying the soil and plant with appropriate nutrients levels and maintaining the dry mass yield.

Nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio na produção de massa seca e no acúmulo de nutrientes em mudas de limeira ácida 'tahiti'

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Crescimento de mudas de Schizolobium amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) em substrato fertilizado com nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio

The nutritional management of seedlings in the nursery is one of the most important practices that influence seedling quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the development of Schizolobium amazonicum seedlings grown in 250 cm containers with a commercial substrate in the North of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications, each replication being represented by 24 seedlings. The treatments were: control (only commercial substrate); nitrogen fertilization (150 g m-3 N using ammonium sulfate + 1.0 kg of ammonium sulfate dissolved in 100 L of water and applied in coverage); phosphorus fertilization (300 g P2O 5 m-3 using simple superphosphate); potassium fertilization (100 g m-3 K2O using potassium chloride + 0.3 kg of potassium chloride dissolved in 100 L of water and applied in coverage) and; complete (a mixture of the three nutrients, 150, 300 and 100 g m-3 N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively + 1.0 kg of ammonium sulfate + 0.3 kg of potassium chloride). The commercial substrate was composted milled pine bark plus vermiculite. Evaluations of the seedlings were performed at 90 days after sowing. The complete treatment (NPK) gave the highest values for biometric and best plant indices, which express the quality. When analyzing nutrients in isolation; potassium had the lowest effect. Based on these results it can be recommended to fertilize Schizolobium amazonicum seedlings in nurseries with 150, 300 and 100 g m-3 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively, plus 1.0 kg of sulfate ammonium and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride applied in coverage.

Desenvolvimento, produtividade e composição bromatológica da primeira soqueira da cana-de-açúcar em função de fontes de fósforo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the development, yield and chemical composition of the first ratoon sugar cane, depending on the residual effect of phosphorus sources. The study was conducted in the municipality of Alta Floresta - MT. The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial scheme 4x2, with four replications. The phosphorus sources were used: bone meal, Arad phosphate and triple superphosphate, and a control without the application of the nutrient. The varieties of sugar cane were planted IAC86-2480 and SP79-1011. We evaluated the plant height, stalk diameter, mass of a plant, number of stems, dry matter yield, P content of the plant and the chemical composition of the forage. The residual effect of fertilization, using different sources of phosphorus, no significant alterations in the development, yield and chemical composition of the first ratoon sugar cane, with little reduction in NDF and ADF when using the bone meal. The variety IAC86-2480 showed better results, providing a higher content of crude protein and phosphorus in the plant and increased production of dry mass.

Efeito residual de fontes de fósforo nos atributos químicos do solo, nutrição e produtividade de biomassa da cana-de-açúcar

In tropical regions, the residual effect of phosphate fertilizer source is of crucial importance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of application of P sources in chemical properties of soil, nutrition and productivity of sugarcane plant and during the first and second ratoon. The sources of P applied in furrows at planting were, triple superphosphate, Arad phosphate, bone meal (100 kg ha-1 P2O5 total) and a control without P, the varieties of sugarcane studied were IAC86-2480 and SP79-1011. A randomized block design in a 4 × 2 factorial was used, with four replications. The study was conducted in the municipality of Alta Floresta-MT, Brazil, in Typic Hapludox. After each cutting, in soil P content, pH and Ca were evaluated. In the plant, the production of green and dry matter of shoots, the concentration of P in the biomass harvested, the export of P and agronomic efficiency of the sources of P were determined. The bone meal had a higher agronomic efficiency resulted in greater accumulation and export of P by crop, higher content of available Ca and P and increase soil pH. The Arad reactive phosphate increased its agronomic efficiency between crop cycles.