Caso alóctone de leishmaniose visceral canina, no município de Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brasil

This report aims to describe the first case allochthonous of visceral leishmanisasis (VL) in the municipality of Campo Mourao, Parana, Brazil, in a canine, Boxer breed, with eye and skin lesions, lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly, attended at Veterinary Hospital at the Faculdade Integrado de Campo Mourao, after residing in the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. The diagnosis of the disease was based on direct observation of amastigotes of Leishmania spp., in popliteal lymph nodes, suggesting that a case of VL, since the animal came from an endemic area for the disease. The migration of infected dogs from endemic regions to areas unaffected becomes a problem for public health, since it may allow the installation of new outbreaks by encouraging the spread of disease throughout the country.

Atividade da beta-glucuronidase no suco gástrico e mucosa gástrica de ratos submetidos a carência proteica

An experiment was performed in order to evaluate the beta-glucuronidase activity in gastric juice and gastric mucosa of rats submitted to a protein-free diet. A group of 36 young adult male Wistar rats was fed a protein-free diet ad libitum for five weeks; a second group of 36 Wistar rats ingested a purified isocaloric 12,5% casein diet for the same period. The concentration of proteins in plasma, gastric juice and gastric glandular mucosa and the beta-glucuronidase activity in the gastric juice and gastric glandular mucosa were determined. Protein deficient rats had lower plasma protein concentrations and also lower protein concentrations in gastric juice and gastric mucosa. In these animals there was no significant change of beta-glucuronidase activity in the gastric juice, but there was a significant increase of the specific enzymatic activity in the gastric mucosa. The results suggest that protein restriction in young adult rats affects the gastric mucosa. The increase of the specific beta-glucuronidase activity might be due to heightened local catabolism or to a comparatively more severe protein depletion.

Morphometric study of the small intestinal mucosa in young, adult, and old rats submitted to protein deficiency and rehabilitation

Linear and stereological morphometric methods were applied to the jejunal and ileal mucosa of young, adult, and old male Wistar rats submitted to protein deficiency and rehabilitation. The animals were fed ad libitum a 2% casein diet during 42 days and then received a 20% casein diet for 30 days. Food intake, body weights, and plasma protein concentrations were recorded. In the young protein deficient rats values of mucosal height, surface area, and volume of the lamina propria were significantly lower than those of their age controls in both jejunum and ileum. In adults the differences were less marked and in the old rats all parameters were found to be unaltered by the protein deficient diet. The surface-to-volume ratio showed no significant differences between control and protein deficient in all three age groups, meaning that villus pattern did not change with protein deficiency. On rehabilitation, a striking difference between jejunum and ileum was observed in the young rats; all parameters returned to control levels in the jejunum, while they remained lower than those of their controls in the ileum.

Estudo histológico comparativo da mucosa palatina em pacientes portadores e não portadores de próteses totais antes e após a instalação de novas proteses.

The authors verified histologically in 20 no dentates patients, the influence of complete dentures on the hard palate mucosa. The patients were divided in two groups: I. Patients that never used complete dentures; II. Patients that were using complete dentures when this research was realized. New prosthesis were made for each one of the 20 patients. Immediately before they received the new prosthesis and ninety days after this, biopsies were realized. The circunferencial pieces of the hard palate mucosa were fixed in formol 10% and coloured with Hematoxylin/Eosin and Mallory's Tricomic for histomorphologic analysis and measuring of the stratum corneum of the epithelium. It was made the statistical analysis and the results showed that: 1. In normal conditions, the utilization of the full dentures produces the reduce of the thickness of the stratum corneum. This was more observed in Group I. 2. The range difference of the thickness of the stratum corneum between the first and the second biopsies in the groups I and II (4.86 microns and 2.18 microns) were not statistically significant. 3. With the use of complete dentures the stratum corneum of the epithelium showed tendence to parakeratinization.

Emprego da imunofluorescência direta no estudo das alterações de mucosa de palato, compatíveis com candidíase atrófica crônica, em indivíduos portadores de próteses dentárias totais muco-suportadas.

Histopathology by hematoxilin-eosin (HE) and periodic acid Schiff (PAS), concomitant direct immunofluorescence (DI) against total human immunoglobulins and against Candida albicans, was effectuated in 25 persons dentures wearers. In 5 persons without chronic athrofic candidiasis (CAC) clinical signals in the palate the HE showed wise inflammatory elements in the connective tissue and the PAS marked the continuous basal layer, the intra-cellular grains of granular layer and the uniform parakeratin on epithelial surface. In 20 others, with palatal signals of CAC, in the HE was frequent the features encountered in Candida infected and PAS revealed, beside descontinuous lamina basal and epithelial surface covered by tide and discontinuous parakeratin, the presence of round bodies few largers that presents in the granular layer, casually isolated in the medial portion of ret pegs and connective papillae. In the first 5 persons the DI against total human immunoglobulins not showed signals of the humoral immunologic phenomena, the same was valid to others 20 patients with CAC clinical aspects. However the DI with conjugate against C. albicans in the 20 cases with CAC signals revealed suitable aspects of the structures assumed by Candida in tissues. Cultures of samples obtained of the persons with CAC signals was positive in 100% to Candida, 70% presumptively albicans, against 80% of positiviness to generus Candida, 67% presumptively albicans, in the persons without CAC signals.

Tratamento da leishmaniose cutanea difusa (LCD) com a associacao antimoniato-N-metilglucamina (Glucantime®) e sulfato de paramomicina (Gabbrox®)

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is a rare form of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) and 350 cases have been reported world wide. Presently in Brazil, there were 31 cases reported corresponding to 8.9% of the world cases. The state of Maranhao contributed with ten cases (32.3%) of national reports. Recently the authors had opportunity to follow two new cases of DCL, both from the countryside of that state totaling 12 cases. The parasite Leishmania L. amazonensis was incriminated in the disease, confirming the available data as being the unique species to produce DCL in this state. The therapy associating meglumine anthimoniate with paramomicine sulphate (Gabbrox®) during 90 days, showed good tolerance and favorable response, being another option for fills form of DCL that constituted a challenge to science so far.

Effects of uracil calculi on cell growth and apoptosis in the BBN- initiated Wistar rat urinary bladder mucosa

The different potential of initiated and non-initiated urinary bladder mucosa (UBM) to develop neoplasia was quantitatively evaluated in the male Wistar rat. Initiation of carcinogenesis was accomplished with N-butyl-N-(4- hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN). Stimuli for cell proliferation and apoptosis were obtained by exposure followed by withdrawal of 3% Uracil in the diet. The proliferation index (PI) was estimated in UBM immunostained for the proliferating nuclear cell antigen (PCNA). The apoptotic index (AI) and the density of papillary/nodular hyperplasia (PNH) were estimated in hematoxilin- eosin stained sections. PNH was the main proliferative response to the mechanical irritation by uracil, irrespective of previous initiation with BBN. Uracil exposure induced higher PI and PNH density in the initiated rats. After uracil withdrawal, there was a significant increase of the AI in both uracil-treated groups, which correlated well to the respective PNH density. However, at the end of the experiment, PNH incidence and density were significantly higher in the BBN-initiated mucosa, which also presented 18% incidence of papillomas and 27% of carcinomas. Therefore, under prolonged uracil calculi trauma, the UBM of BBN-initiated Wistar rats gives rise to epithelial proliferative lesions that progress to neoplasia through acquired resistance to apoptosis.

Papilomavírus humano (HPV) em lesões benignas e malignas de mucosa oral pelos métodos de imuno-histoquímica e hibridização in situ

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Histological study of hamster buccal mucosa following topical application of DMBA and exposition to low power 337 nm laser light

The aim of the present work is to analyze the histological changes on hamster buccal mucosa caused by the topical use of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and exposition to a 220 μJ/pulse nitrogen laser light (@ 337 nm) at an average power of 2,3 mW. Twenty-one hamsters divided into two experimental groups were treated six times with DMBA. One hamster was kept as control. Group I was composed by ten hamsters and was submitted only to DMBA. Group II, also with ten hamsters, received the same treatment as group I and was exposed to the laser radiation. The time duration of each irradiation section was 10 seconds. All the treatment happened in alternated days. The histological analysis took place twice, after the end of the treatment and after sixty days. Both experimental groups presented dilatation of vessels, thickening of the epithelial tissue and the presence of inflammatory infiltrates. The preliminary results indicates that in group II the number of dilated vessels and its new area are much more significant than in group I.

Kinesiographic study of complete denture movement related to mucosa displacement in edentulous patients.

The mucosa that covers the residual ridges of edentulous patients may present some distortion or displacement when occlusal loading is applied in complete dentures. This distortion and movement of the denture can result in acceleration of residual ridge resorption and loss of retention and stability. The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of upper complete denture movement related to underlying mucosa displacement. A sample of 10 complete denture wearers was randomly selected, which had acceptable upper and lower dentures and normal volume and resilience of residual ridges. The kinesiographic instrument K6-I Diagnostic System was used to measure denture movements, according to the method proposed by Maeda et al.7, 1984. Denture movements were measured under the following experimental conditions: (A) 3 maximum voluntary clenching cycles and (B) unilateral chewing for 20 seconds. The results showed that under physiological load, oral mucosa distortion has two distinct phases: a fast initial displacement as load is applied and a slower and incomplete recovery when load is removed. Intermittent loading such as chewing progressively reduces the magnitude of the denture displacement and the recovery of the mucosa is gradually more incomplete.

Desempenho e morfometria da mucosa de duodeno de frangos de corte alimentados com farelo de canola, durante o período inicial

A trial was carried to verify the effect of increasing levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) of canola meal in diets of broiler chickens on performance and mucous morphology, during the starting period (1 - 21 days). One thousand 1-d male chicks were assigned to a randomized experimental assay, with five treatments, four replicates and 50 birds per experimental unit. At the 1 st, 21 st and 41 st days, the birds and the rations were weighed. At the 21 st day, two birds of each experimental unit were sacrificed for collection of a duodenum segment to evaluate the intestinal morphometry. The results demonstrated that increasing levels of canola meal resulted in linear reduction on weight gain, weight and feed intake and worst feed conversion. During the growing period (21 to 41 days), when all birds received similar diet, average weight and weight gain decreased, as the canola meal levels increased, while feed conversion and feed intake were similar. Data regarding mucous morphology, submitted to the regression analysis, demonstrated that the crypt depth increased, as the canola meal levels increased. It is possible to include up to 20% of canola meal without damages on broiler performance and digestive tract.

Presença de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii em cães com leishmaniose visceral da região de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil

Dogs that had positive and negative sera to Leishmania chagasi from the region of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated for the presence of anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies as potential co-infecting agents. Blood samples were collected from 204 dogs and out of them 98 were carriers of leishmaniosis. Sera were tested for the presence of anti-L. chagasi antibodies by ELISA, and anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Age, gender, and association between the presences of anti-L. chagasi antibodies and seroprevalence to N. caninum and T. gondii were analyzed by chi-square test. Out of the 204 sera investigated, 36 (17.6%) were positive for N. caninum (IFAT=50) and 75 (36.8%) to T. gondii (IFAT=16) with titers that varied from 50 to 6400 for N. caninum, and from 16 to 16384 for T. gondii. The copresence of anti-L. chagasi, N. caninum and T. gondii antibodies was observed in 17 (8.3%) dogs. Antibodies to N. caninum were observed in four (3.8%) out of 106 dogs that were negative for L. chagasi, and in 32 (32.6%) out of the 98 dogs that were positive for L. chagasi. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were found in 40 (41.0%) and in 35 (33.0%) of the 98 positive dogs and in 106 negative dogs for L. chagasi, respectively. An association between the presence of antibodies against L. chagasi and a positive response to N. caninum (p<0.001) was observed. The gender and age of the dogs did not show an association between the presence of antibodies and any of the agents studied (p>0.05), with the exception of age and presence of anti-L. chagasi antibodies, in which only a slight association was observed (p=0.038). Within this interaction, a higher number of dogs, older than four years, were positive for this agent when compared to other age groups.