Antimicrobial activity of natural products against Helicobacter pylori: a review

Throughout the genetic and physiological evolution of microorganisms, the microbiological sciences have been expanding the introduction of new therapeutic trials against microbial diseases. Special attention has been paid to the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which induces gastric infections capable of causing damage, ranging from acute and chronic gastritis to the development of gastric cancer and death. The use of compounds with natural origins has gained popularity in scientific research focused on drug innovation against H. pylori because of their broad flexibility and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to describe the use of natural products against H. pylori in order to clarify important parameters for related fields. The study demonstrated the vast therapeutic possibilities for compounds originating from natural sources and revealed the need for innovations from future investigations to expand the therapeutic arsenal in the fight against H. pylori infection.

Valor de corte para teste respiratório com isótopos estáveis (Carbono 13) no diagnóstico do Helicobacter pylori utilizando IRMS para análise do sopro

After the isolation of Helicobacter pylori from an injury at the stomach mucosa by Marshall and Wareen, work that was recognized with the Nobel Prize of Medicine or Physiology in 2005, many other works showed the relationship between the presence of H. pylori and diseases at the digestive system, such as gastritis, gastric, duodenal and peptic ulcer, and stomach cancer. The 13C-Urea Breath Test - 13C-UBT is a non-invasive diagnostic method that utilizes the breath of a patient to determine the presence of H. pylori through stable isotopes. This work aimed to find an ideal 13C-UBT Isotopic Ratio Mass Spectroscopy cut-off value (a threshold between positive and negative) to diagnose H. pylori infection at Brazilian population. Patients were selected at the UNESP-Botucatu Clinical Hospital Endoscopy Section. With these results it was possible to indicate that the best cut-off value is between 2.5 to 6 ‰ of Delta Over Baseline (DOB)

Efeito de múltiplas infecções com Strongyloides venezuelensis no desenvolvimento da encefalite autoimune experimental

A esclerose múltipla é uma doença desmielinizante do sistema nervoso central (SNC), considerada a principal causa de incapacidade neurológica em adultos jovens e está associada a substanciais custos econômicos, pessoais e sociais. Como não existe cura para a doença, estratégias profiláticas e/ou terapêuticas são necessárias. A encefalite autoimune experimental (EAE) em ratos Lewis é considerada um modelo adequado para a investigação destas estratégias. Nos últimos anos observou-se um aumento na incidência de doenças autoimunes e alérgicas em países desenvolvidos. A Hipótese da Higiene propõe que o contato com determinados antígenos ambientais (helmintos, micobactérias e lactobacilos) pode diminuir ou até impedir as manifestações clínicas dessas doenças. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta investigação foi avaliar o efeito de múltiplas infecções prévias com Strongyloides venezuelensis no desenvolvimento (características clínicas, imunológicas e histopatológicas) da EAE em ratos Lewis. Foram então realizadas quatro infecções com 4000 L3 em ratos Lewis fêmeas, utilizando-se a via subcutânea. Cerca de quinze dias após a última infecção, foi realizada a indução da EAE por imunização com proteína básica de mielina associada ao adjuvante completo de Freund contendo Mycobacterium butyricum. Vinte dias após a indução da doença, os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia e avaliados quanto ao peso, escore clínico da doença, quantificação de anticorpos anti-mielina e anti- S. venezuelensis e dosagens de citocinas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Comparação das técnicas semi-quantitativa e quantitativa nas infecções relacionadas a cateter em neonatos e determinação da resistência à oxacilina nos Staphylococcus spp

Study the semi-quantitative and quantitative technique in the diagnosis of catheter-related infections in newborns and to determine oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus isolated. It was analyzed 353 catheter tips from 273 newborns in the Neonatal Unit of Hospital FMB. To confirm the diagnosis of infection, were analyzed the clinical data of newborns, the presence of at least one positive blood culture and growth of ≥ 1000 CFU/mL on quantitative culture and/or ³15 UFC on semiquantitative culture, with the same microorganism isolation (species and drug sensitivity) in blood culture and no other focus of infection except the catheter. The disk diffusion technique was used to check similarity of strains and resistance to oxacillin. Of the 353 tips analyzed, 39 were included in this study as the inclusion criteria. The semiquantitative culture was positive in 26 (66.7%) catheters and quantitative culture was positive in 24 (61.5%). Of 273 patients, 19 (6.9%) had a diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream Infection (CR-BSI). Of the 19 episodes of CR-BSI, S. epidermidis was the predominant etiological agent (84.2%). The resistance to the antibiotic methicillin was found in 14 (73.7%) strains of Staphylococcus. The semiquantitative method was more sensitive (79%) compared with the quantitative method (63%). The use of antibiotics may have influenced the sensitivity of the quantitative method as the microorganisms present in the lumen are exposed to higher concentrations of antibiotics administered via the catheter

Receptor tipo quinase de tomate: caracterização molecular e implicações nas infecções virais

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB

Ação antimicrobiana de compostos majoritários presentes em óleos essenciais sobre bactérias causadoras de infecções hospitalares

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Potencial anti-Helicobacter pylori de extratos hidroetanólicos de caule e folhas de Astronium urundeuva

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Tempo Ideal para a coleta do sopro no teste respiratório com isótopos estáveis (13C) para o diagnóstico do Helicobacter pylori

A study was conducted to determine the optimal time for collecting the breath examination urea breath marked with the stable isotope 13C. We selected patients before undergoing the examination of endoscopy at the Endoscopy Section of the University Hospital of Botucatu - SP. A screening was performed to determine which patients wanted and could participate. Before performing endoscopy basal sample was collected from the patient and then the labeled urea ingested. The blows were collected in double every 2.5 minutes until an interval of 30.0 minutes after were collected every 5.0 minutes until the time of 45.0 minutes . The samples were analyzed in a mass spectrometer for isotope ratio, located in the center of Stable Isotopes, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Botucatu campus. The data were studied and arranged in the form of graphics to better interpretation of results. Based on the obtained results it was determined that a standby time of 15.0 minutes to collect the wind is sufficient for accurate diagnosis and effective

Prevalência, Virulência e sensibilidade às terapias antimicrobianas das cepas de enterecoccus faecalis e enterococcus faecium isoladas de infecções endodônticas

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT

Efetividade da higienação de brinquedos infantis quando comparada a nenhuma intervenção na redução de infecções microbianas em ambientes relacionados ao cuidado de crianças: revisão sistemática da literatura

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

Terminalia catappa L.: A medicinal plant from the Caribbean pharmacopeia with anti-Helicobacter pylori and antiulcer action in experimental rodent models

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of helicobacter pylori eradication on TLR2 and TLR4 expression in patients with Gastric Lesions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Challenges to the treatment and new perspectives for the eradication of helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the leading causes of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric adenocarcinoma. The current treatment of H. pylori infection with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors has several limitations, including poor adherence and intrinsic patient-related factors, drug resistance, and the absence of adequate treatments. This review summarizes the current therapeutic approaches to eradicating H. pylori, the difficulties associated with its treatment, and several new perspectives aimed at improving existing treatment strategies.

Detecção de co-infecções por Leishmania (l.) chagasi, Trypanosoma evansi, Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em cães

Co-infections by Leishmania (L.) chagasi, Trypanosoma evansi, Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dogs were investigated. Amastigotes forms of Leishmania spp. were detected by cytopathological analysis of lymph nodes in 46,42% (39/84) of dogs. In a male dog, adult, without defined breed, from rural area and positive for Leishmania, were observed flagellated forms of T. evansi in blood smear. By immunofluorescence antibody test, 5,95% (5/84) of dogs were considered reactive to T. gondii, with titer equal to or higher than 1:64, while 3,57% (3/84) were reactive to N. caninum, with titer ≥1:50. Among the animals with visceral leishmaniasis, one showed positive serological response to T. gondii and two for N. caninum. All dogs reactive to N. caninum were from rural area and the predominance of infection by T. gondii was in dogs from urban area. A young male dog from the rural area and seropositive for T. gondii showed Ehrlichia spp. morulae in the cytology and positive reaction for canine distemper virus. Thus, further studies are needed to assess the epidemiology of these infections in canine population, especially with respect to the reservoirs of Trypanosoma spp. in rural areas.

Biofilmes orais como um possível fator de risco ao câncer bucal: revisão da literatura

Introduction: much studies regarding risk factors associated with oral cancer. Factors such as smoking and alcohol and solar radiation are well established, but others, such as bacterial influence in the development or progression of a tumor still remain unexplained. Interest in the possible relationship between bacteria and different stages of cancer development has increased since the classification of H. pylori by the WHO as a definite carcinogen. Subsequently, links between infection and the onset of cancer in various sites in the body were discovered. Review of literature: this literature review attempts to show the influence of poor oral hygiene, with consequent bacterial accumulation as a possible important risk factor for the initiation and development of mouth cancer, and correlate the possible mechanisms by which bacteria can initiate or promote carcinogenesis. Conclusion: there is much evidence that bacteria in the oral cavity and periodontopathic are present in tumor tissue, however, still can not affirm that these bacteria initiate or promote carcinogenesis.