Variabilidade do padrão de esterases e atividade da glutationa S-transferase em linhagens geográficas de Drosophila melanogaster e D. simulans resistentes e suscetíveis ao inseticida DDT

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Divergência interpopulacional e interespecífica e processo seletivo atuante nos genes ortólogos a fruitless e Odysseus em Drosophila mojavensis e D. arizonae

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Produtividade em espécies de Drosophila do subgrupo saltans (grupo saltans, subgênero Sophophora): efeitos da infecção por Wolbachia em linhagens normais e introgredidas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Differences in larval nutritional requirements and female oviposition preference reflect the order of fruit colonization of Zaprionus indianus and Drosophila simulans

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Abundância e sazonalidade de dípteros (Insecta) em granja aviária da região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Modem production systems accommodate broody hens in high densities, leading to the accumulation of excrement under the cages. This substrate is excellent for the development of sinantropic flies. Thus, the accomplishment of surveys in these places becomes essential, in order to plan better strategies of control. The present work aimed at studying the entornofauna and the seasonality of the species of dipterous present in the Crisdan poultry house located in the Municipality of Sao Joao da Boa Vista, the State of São Paulo, Brazil. In the period of January of 2001 to December of 2002, 1,012,595 flies were captured using the "jug-trap". The species were identified: Drosophi-la repleta (Wollaston, 1858), Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758), Ophyra spp., Hennetria illucens (Linnaeus, 1758), Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus, 1761), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794), and Sepsidae. More frequently D. repleta and M. domestica had added 99.47% of the dipterous. Increased rainfall and the collection months influenced the sampling of dipterous (P < 0.05). Drosophila repleta was the most abundant species, representing 91% of all captured flies. However, this diptera did not develop at the surveyed site since immatures were not captured therein.

Molecular characterization and relatedness of Haematobia irritans (horn fly) populations, by RAPD-PCR

Haematobia irritans is a hematophagous parasite of cattle that causes significant economic losses in many parts of the world, including Brazil. In the present work, one American and four Brazilian populations of this species were studied by Random Amplified Polymorpht DNA (RAPD) to assess basically genetic variability within and between populations. Ten different decamer random primers were employed in the genomic DNA amplification, yielding 117 fragments in the five H.. irritans populations. In Drosophila prosaltans, used as an outgroup, 81 fragments were produced. Forty-three of these fragments were shared by both species. Among the H. irritans samples, that from Rio Branco (Acre State, Brazil) produced the smallest numbers of fragments and polymorphic bands. This high genetic homogenity may be ascribed to its geographic origin (in the Northwest of Brazil), which causes high isolation and low gene flow, unlike the other Brazilian populations, from the South Central region, in which cattle trade is very intensive. Marker fragments (exclusive bands) detected in every sample enabled the population origin to be characterized, but they are also potentially useful for further approaches such as the putative origin of Brazilian populations from North America. Similarity indices [Nei & Li, 1979, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 5269-5273] and phylogenetic trees, rooted by using the outgroup and produced by the Phylogenetic Analysis using Parsimony (PAUP 4.0-Swofford, 2001) program showed the closest relationships between flies from Sao Jose do Rio Preto and Turiuba (both from São Paulo State, Brazil) while flies from the geographically distant Rio Branco showed the greatest differentiation relative to the others.

Chromosomal location of heterochromatin and 45S rDNA sites in four South American triatomines (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Polyphyly of the Zaprionus genus group (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

The Zapnionus genus group comprises three drosophilid genera (Zaprionus, Phorticella and Samoaia) that are thought to be related to the Drosophila immigrans species group. We revised the phylogenetic relationships among the three genera and their placement within the subfamily Drosophilinae using one mitochondrial (COII) and one nuclear (Amyrel) gene. The Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated amino acid sequences of the two genes strongly suggests the polyphyly of the Zaprionus genus group and of each of the genera Zaprionus and Phorticella. Paraphyly of the D. immigrans species group was also shown here; the quadrilineata subgroup formed the sister clade to the genus Samoaia. These results suggest the necessity of taxonomic revisions for some relevant genera and species groups included within the genus Drosophila. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Intraspecific and interspecific pre-adult competition on the neotropical region colonizer Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) under laboratory conditions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Models Hosts for the Study of Oral Candidiasis

Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by yeast of the Candida genus, primarily Candida albicans. It is generally associated with predisposing factors such as the use of immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, prostheses, and xerostomia. The development of research in animal models is extremely important for understanding the nature of the fungal pathogenicity, host interactions, and treatment of oral mucosa! Candida infections. Many oral candidiasis models in rats and mice have been developed with antibiotic administration, induction of xerostomia, treatment with immunosuppressive agents, or the use of germ-free animals, and all these models has both benefits and limitations. Over the past decade, invertebrate model hosts, including Galleria mellonella, Caenorhanditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster, have been used for the study of Candida pathogenesis. These invertebrate systems offer a number of advantages over mammalian vertebrate models, predominantly because they allow the study of strain collections without the ethical considerations associated with studies in mammals. Thus, the invertebrate models may be useful to understanding of pathogenicity of Candida isolates from the oral cavity, interactions of oral microorganisms, and study of new antifungal compounds for oral candidiasis.

Fitness components of a recently-established population of Zaprionus indianus (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)