Comparação da razão carga/deflexão entre fios ortodônticos de Ni-Ti termoativados 0,014”x0,025” e 0,016”x0,022”

The knowledge of the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) termoactives of the more accessible of the domestic market is still limited. Given this, the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare through deflection tests in brackets NiTi wires 03 term rectangular gauge 0.014 '' enabled x 0.025 '' and 0.016 '' x 0.022 '' of different brands (MORELLI (R), ORMCO (R) ORTHOSOURCE (R), ORTHOMETRIC (R), EURODONTO (R) and ADITEK (R)). All tests were carried out on universal testing machine EMIC DL 2000 under identical conditions and controlled at a temperature of 36 degrees C +/- 0.5 degrees C. Five measurements (N= 5) were performed for each thickness/wire tag that was deflected up to a limit of 4.0mm at a speed of 1.0mm/min. Each 0.2mm (round trip) of corresponding strength measured deflection for the construction of the graph of force x deflection at Tesc program version 3.04. Each graphic was evaluated according to the following variables: beginning of the Martensitic transformation (cN and mm), maximum strength (cN), the beginning and end of the plateau of deactivation (cN and mm) and length (mm) plateau. The average and standard deviation were calculated for all variables and statistical analysis was made by ANOVA tests 2 criteria and Turkey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn, a 5% level of significance. The results showed that the tests of 0.014 '' x0.025 '' ORTHOMETRIC (R) brands and ORMCO (R) showed the best results, as well as the wires of the MORELLI (R) and ORTHOSOURCE (R) to wires 0.016 '' x0.022 ''. In General, the gauge wires 0.014 '' x0.025 '' showed strength levels on the plateau of deactivation to 6 x smaller than 0.016 '' x0.022 '' caliber.

Avaliação da atenção concentrada e memória em tabagistas com baixa carga tabágica

Introduction: Smoking is considered by World Health Organisation (WHO) a disease, since nicotine is addictive and cause physical, emotional and behavioral disorders in people who smoke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrated attention and memory in smokers and nonsmokers, and the influence of one cigarette in this variables. Material and Methods: We selected two groups of subjects between 18 and 25 years, with no history of acute or chronic respiratory disease. Group 1 (G1) consist of 40 nonsmoking individuals and group 2 (G2) 40 smokers (who smoked less than 20 cigarettes per day, for up to 10 years). The subjects were tested for concentrated attention and memory test (AC Test), nonsmokers performed the test once, smokers performed the test twice, before smoking and after five minutes after smoking one cigarette. Smokers stayed without cigarret for one our before the first test. Results: Comparing the tests nonsmokers versus smokers first test, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05), however, the analysis of the two trials of smokers, showed improvement in concentrated attention and memory after smoke (p <0.0001). Conclusions: There was no difference in Concentrated Attention and Memory among nonsmokers and smokers in abstinence, however smokers showed significant improvement in AC Test after smoking.

Análise e redução de custos e peso em veículo rodoviário de carga reboque linha de eixos

Load transportation in brazilian territory is made difficult by a deficient highway network, result of low maintenance and lack of government supervision. The problem aggravates when we consider the transportation of indivisible loads, mainly because the brazilian highways are not prepared for such task and few companies in Brazil have the necessary equipment suited for this kind of transport. In this dissertation it will be shown the analysis of a specific equipment to transport overweight indivisible loads, called hydraulic modular multi axle trailer. From an existing project (RB.04LE-01), manufactured and homologated in Brazil, it has been studied how the components in this trailer work so it could have been possible to elaborate a new model (RB.04LE-02), with two main objectives: reduction of costs and weight with subsequent increase in the liquid load for roadway transportation. The trailer’s components analyses were made utilizing the theory of fatigue strength of materials and finite element method with the von Misses criteria for a more safety when realizing the calculations

Carga viral e genotipagem do vírus de Epstein-Barr (EBV) e análise da frequência das variantes do gene viral BNLF-1 em indivíduos portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)

Indivíduos imunocomprometidos possuem maior risco de desenvolver linfomas associados ao EBV. A detecção desse vírus em sangue periférico e a determinação de sua carga viral podem ter importância na evolução clínica de indivíduos portadores do HIV. Foram avaliadas 156 amostras de pacientes HIVpositivos pela reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real (qPCR) para detecção e quantificação da carga viral do EBV. 123/156 (78,8%) casos apresentaram carga viral detectável para o EBV, sendo que a carga viral média foi de 6,9x10-3 cópias de EBV/célula. Foi detectada elevada carga viral do EBV em indivíduos com falha terapêutica ou sem HAART (p =0,0076), em coinfectados pelos EBVs 1 e 2 (p=0,0205), em pacientes com altas cargas de HIV (rho=0,27614, p=0,0005) e longos períodos de infecção pelo HIV (rho= 0,24164, p =0,0026) e os que apresentavam altos níveis de linfócitos T CD8 + (rho=0,19286, p =0,0159). A amplificação do gene EBNA-2 para realização da tipagem viral foi possível em 95/123 (77,2%) amostras, das quais 72 (75,8%) revelaram infecção pelo EBV-1, 9 (9,5%) pelo EBV-2 e 14 (14,7%) apresentavam coinfecção entre os EBVs 1 e 2. Esses dados estão de acordo com a literatura visto que o tipo 1 é predominante em países ocidentais e 70,0% da coorte era composta por indivíduos caucasianos e heterossexuais. A maioria dos pacientes que apresentaram coinfecção pelos EBVs 1 e 2 tiveram contagem de linfócitos T CD4 + entre 200 e 499 células/μL de sangue segundo classificação CDC (p =0,0272). Quanto a analise do gene BNLF-1, a amplificação foi possível em 99/123 (80,5%). Desses 50/99 (50,5%) apresentavam a deleção de 30pb no gene, enquanto 49/99 (49,5%) não a possuíam. Em conjunto, os resultados obtidos evidenciam deterioração do sistema imunitário, caracterizada...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Simulação do tempo de descarga de caminhões graneleiros em uma estação de transbordo de carga em Porto Murtinho, MS

In the current decade, inter modal transport is widely discussed. In Brazil road transport is used in excess whereas there could be more focus and investment towards water transport. Water transport presents many benefits like being low cost and low maintenance. Sea and river ports today aren't capable of supporting Brazil's transport needs. Therefore, with this obstacle, this paper consists of an attempt of modeling and simulation of the process of unloading grain cargo from trucks, through simulation with ProModel software, to verify the necessity of installing more tumblers at the cargo unloading station in Porto Murtinho, MS

Comissionamento de turbinas hidráulicas: ensaios de faixa operativa, índex, test e rejeição de carga

With growing electricty demand, the importance of generation through hydropower, a renewable energy source, it’s of great importance. This demand derives from the country’s growth, as well as events that will occur in the coming years. The commission has a crucial role before the entry into operation of hydroelectric plant, sice, ensures a good operation of hydraulic and electrical systems, as well as the safety of the installation. This paper is a case study, commissioning in a PCH in especially the most important tests, such as range operation, índex tes and load rejection. In these trials we can get a Idea of the actual behavior of the unit, as well as future operation maneuvers, and evidence of real efficiency

Investigação da fase de carga ordenada em sistemas orgânicos quase-unidimensionais

In the eld of synthetical materials, often called in the literature as organic/molecular conductors or charge-transfer salts, the most prominient examples are the quasi onedimensional systems (TMTTF)2X and (TMTSF)2X, where TMTTF, TMTSF and X refers to tetrametiltetratiafuvaline, tetrametiltetraselenafuvaline and a monovalent anion (X = PF6

Correlações fisiológicas da carga parasitária em Rhinella icteriucus (Anura: marinus)

A presença de parasitas, que podem afetar inúmeros aspectos da biologia de seus hospedeiros, possivelmente levando a uma queda em seu desempenho. Entretanto, ao longo do estabelecimento da associação parasita-hospedeiro, alterações na fisiologia e morfologia deste último podem representar mecanismos compensatórios para os danos causados pelos parasitas. Sendo assim, carga parasitária deve ser um importante determinante do valor adaptativo (fitness) do hospedeiro. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estabelecer possíveis correlações entre carga parasitária, massas de diversos órgãos e desempenho locomotor no sapo-cururu, Rhinella ictericus (Anura: Bufonidae). O desempenho locomotor dos indivíduos capturados de R. ictericus foi medido através do uso de uma pista circular de madeira. Durante um período de 10 minutos, os animais foram forçados a manter desempenho locomotor constante e a distância total percorrida foi corrigida para o comprimento rostro-cloacal. Depois das medidas de desempenho locomotor, os órgãos internos foram dissecados, tendo seus parasitas contabilizados. As massas de todos os órgãos escalaram positivamente com a massa corpórea. O número de parasitas nos pulmões e o índice corpóreo também se mostraram positivamente relacionados à variação em massa corpórea. Indivíduos com maior carga parasitária intestinal foram também aqueles que apresentaram um maior número total de parasitas, sugerindo a existência de variação individual na susceptibilidade a diferentes parasitas. O desempenho locomotor foi negativamente associado à carga parasitária total, demonstrando um efeito deletério causado pelos parasitas ao hospedeiro em um aspecto crucial de sua história de vida. Hospedeiros com maior carga parasitária pulmonar apresentaram maior massa intestinal e renal, sugerindo possíveis mecanismos compensatórios dos possíveis danos causados pelos parasitas

Projeto e construção de uma célula de carga acoplada a uma grampeadeira

Due to greater productivity in the auto industry and the high competition in the current market, employees are required to perform repeated movements and often, with short intervals of rest. This daily exposure causes muscle tension and overloads occasional, thus creating problems and psychosocial stress. Currently companies are concerned with the welfare of the employee, where the main focus is product quality and life of the worker, thus justifying such a study. Therefore , this technical work to assist the master's thesis of graduate student Daniel Rodriguez , was developed with the objective is to analyze , develop, design and construct a coupled to a load cell device simulating a stitcher to be used in an industry the posts stapling upholstery of seats . Are the stages of design and construction detailed in this work and its positive results in relation to the technical part of the study

Smart Grid e Carros Elétricos - Influência da Carga de Carros Elétricos Sobre o Sistema Elétrico

The technologies are advancing at a pace so expressive that allow the increase of the power quality from generation until the distribution to end customers. This improvement has been made possible through the automation of the energy that follows to a better quality of the energy provided, a lower energy supply disruptions and a very short recovery time. The trend of today and the near future is the distributed energy generation. To keep the automated control of the chain, the presence of Smart Grids is needed and that will be the most efficient and economical way to manage the entire system. Within this theme, is going to be necessary analyze the electric cars that promise to promote a more sustainable transport because it doesn’t uses fossil fuels, and more healthy because it does not emit pollutants into the atmosphere. The popularization of this type of vehicle is estimated to happen in a few decades and the case study analyzing its influence on the demand of the electrical system is something that will be very important in the near future. This paper presents a study of the influence of the inclusion of charges refering to electric cars

Análise dos efeitos das deformações estruturais sobre a transferência transversal de carga em um veículo do tipo fórmula SAE submetido a uma aceleração lateral constante

This paper studies the frame deformations on a formula SAE vehicle in steady-state cornering and its influence on the lateral load transfers and, consequently, on the tires normal loads due to the applied lateral load. For a vehicle with a perfect rigid frame, the vehicle mass, the position of the center of gravity and the suspensions are the only factors responsible for the load distribution between the tires. When the frame deformations are no longer negligible, the frame deformations affect the loaddistribution between the tires. The frame flexibility turns it able to behave as an additional set of springs to the suspension system, thus changing the behavior of the set. This paper describes howit happens and suggests ways to minimize this phenomenon

Estudo, desenvolvimento e concepção de uma célula de carga

In engineering projects, it’s fundamental to determine the active loads in components in order to guarantee acceptable values of safety and reliability according to project specifications. On the other hand, force measurement methods might be very complex and impracticable in some cases and, so that, load cells with eletric resistance strain gages can be applied as a simple and accurate option to measure the required load. The main purpose of this paper is to present the development of a load cell that measures uniaxial forces using electric resistance strain gages without being influenced by the location of the loading in a cantilever beam. For that, it was taken as basis a secondary purpose which is to present a general study of basic and wide concepts about transducers, load cells and extensometers primarily. Information such as: loading and measurements types, characteristics of the presented devices as well as factors that influence its functioning, the most common kinds of Wheatstone bridge links, the main points of a load cell project, cements used to fix extensometers and, finally, the project itself with the tests of the built transducer are presented. By the end of this paper, all the results are shown and analyzed, concluding about the designed load cell and the work itself

Avaliação da influência do formato da porca e da pré-carga em juntas aparafusadas em tração

Many structures and mechanical equipment requires a union member, and the screw is one of the most used, the cost is low, it is versatile and easy to find on the market. The resulting pre-load assembly torque associated with the cyclical external load has great influence, so it will be studied carefully. This study analyzed some of these factors, as the format of nuts, and the washer material when they are incompatible with the bolt material can cause a reduction in life of the joint fatigue

Sistema de gerenciamento de energia para controle de carga/descarga entre baterias de lítio e ultracapacitores, envolvendo sistema de tração elétrica com frenagem regenerativa

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS