Conhecimento e atitudes da área da saúde frente ao risco de contaminação por hepatites ao fazer as unhas

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Desenvolvimento da microbiota oral de bebês: análise longitudinal por pirosequenciamento da microbiota de bebês e suas mães dentro de um Programa de Saúde Bucal para Primeira Infância

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT

A gestão de doenças infecto-contagiosas: o impacto do dengue na saúde pública

Os vírus do dengue possuem quatro sorotipos distintos (DENV 1-4) e a infecção por um sorotipo confere imunidade específica em longo prazo apenas para aquele sorotipo. O declínio e a reemergência de epidemias de dengue estão intimamente relacionadas com a migração populacional, o intercâmbio e a introdução de sorotipos, o aumento da população, a urbanização descontrolada, o aumento da infestação por mosquitos do gênero Aedes, que são vetores dos vírus e por mudanças na conjuntura política dos municípios. A doença configura-se como um grande problema de saúde pública e cerca de três bilhões de pessoas encontram-se em risco de contrair o vírus e, anualmente, milhões de casos de dengue são notificados, com aproximadamente 500 mil internações. O impacto econômico da doença não está direcionado apenas aos gastos diretamente relacionados ao tratamento, mas também, ao controle e à prevenção. Além disto, outros desdobramentos podem ocorrer, como gastos gerados por afastamento do trabalho no período de convalescença e por morte devido à infecção pelo vírus. As constantes trocas de equipes de prevenção e controle podem impactar negativamente a doença, favorecendo a dispersão do vetor e a manutenção do dengue no ambiente. Desta forma, o objetivo do trabalho é sistematizar as informações sobre o impacto do dengue na gestão dos recursos destinados a doenças infecto-contagiosas.

Perfil epidemiológico da febre aftosa no Brasil: a evolução do programa nacional de erradicação e prevenção da febre aftosa

Com o crescimento significativo da pecuária brasileira houve a evolução de medidas sanitárias de controle, prevenção e erradicação de enfermidades animais que assolam o país. De uma maneira peculiar, ao se falar sobre as doenças animais que são de grande relevância para a economia e sociedade brasileira, é indispensável citar a febre aftosa. Essa enfermidade, também conhecida como foot and mouth disease, economicamente, é a mais importante presente na pecuária: infecciosa, com caráter agudo e febril, altamente contagiosa, que afeta animais de cascos fendidos e causa lesões vesiculares, úlceras e erosões. Características como ampla gama de hospedeiros no qual pode se instalar, elevada quantidade de partículas virais em excreções respiratórias, rápida taxa de replicação e variados modos de transmissão, fazem da febre aftosa uma doença de escolha para a erradicação. Desde a regulamentação do serviço de defesa sanitária animal no país, em 1934, já se percebia a importância de controlar a mesma. Em 1951, o Programa Nacional de Controle de Febre Aftosa (PNCFA) foi o primeiro programa nacional de saúde animal a ser implantado no Brasil. Com os avanços no setor de defesa sanitária, houve, em 1992, a implantação do Programa Nacional de Erradicação e Prevenção da Febre Aftosa (PNEFA). Em um processo de transformação gradual, nota-se que todo esse controle e pesquisa epidemiológica dessa infecção em nosso país proporcionaram avanços iminentes para seu combate e, consequentemente, para a sanidade dos animais e qualidade dos produtos e derivados de origem animal: como se pode verificar através da evolução das regiões reconhecidas livres dessa doença e da ausência de casos nos últimos oito anos

Conselheiros tutelares na linha de frente da prevenção do abuso sexual

Sexual violence against girls under the age of eighteen, in the form of sexual abuse has been identified as an endemic phenomenon by public officials in the cities of São Paulo. Among t agents and tutelary councilors, which reveal the size of their work linked to the Social Assistance System, the Health System and the Public Security System, dialoguing with their local agents. However, prevent sexual abuse and exploitation constitutes a greater challenge, consciously or unconsciously. This paper opens a discussion on the urgency of designing social networks to prevent sexual violence, with participation of researchers and university students. It is based on surveys of public officials in the years 2011 to 2013 in five cities of São Paulo, with over 200 thousand inhabitants.

Retardo na procura do tratamento odontológico e percepção da saúde bucal em mulheres grávidas

The objective was to assess in women with children under 5 years old what happened to your pregnancy in relation to dental care, coupled with a probable correlation between the level of their knowledge on dental health and possible reasons which lead or have led to a late seeking such treatment. The interviews were conducted in an environment of health center in the city center and the Odontoly Faculty in Araraquara. Among the interviews mothers, 57% refused the dental treatment during pregnancy. It appears on mothers that are afraid to perform a dental treatment during pregnancy. The misinformation on this issue often associated with this belief in the medical field that dental care during the first three months of pregnancy is harmful to the baby. Such information passed on to mothers leads to a hesitancy with dental treatment during this period. The educational level of mothers did not interfere in this pursuit, and 24.5% of them avoid treatment during pregnancy. The difference, however, is between those mothers of high educational level, performing oral prevention before pregnancy.

Conhecimento odontológico de adultos atendidos em uma unidade de saúde da família do município de São Carlos, Brasil

The Family Health Strategy is a primary care public policy that is becoming a decisive step towards the transformation of the Brazilian healthcare model. This study evaluated the dental knowledge among individuals who attended a Family-Health Unit (FHU) in the city of São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Methods: The evaluation was based on a questionnaire with 20 questions about oral health, prevention and development of dental caries and periodontal disease. The questionnaire was given to 168 individuals, over 18 years of age and both sexes, to fill out under the supervision of a trained dentist. After data collection, the answers contained in the original questionnaires were entered into a database built using the program Excel® (Microsoft Corporation, USA) and a descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: 66.67% of the subjects reported having received information about dental caries and periodontal disease before attending the FHU, and dentists were cited as the main source of such information (60.71%). With regard to dental caries, 70.24% of the individuals stated that they knew about the subject, but the majority of answers revealed incorrect explanation of it. The multifactorial etiology (bacteria/sugar/poor hygiene) was not mentioned. A low percentage of subjects (24.40%) claimed to know what periodontal disease is, and of these, the highest percentage of responses was related to gingivitis (26.83%) and gingival bleeding (12.20%). Out of all subjects, 80.36% affirmed that oral hygiene is important, and among them, the main reasons cited were the maintenance of oral health (29.63%), to avoid diseases (16.30%) and to preserve and prevent disease (14.81%). Conclusion: Responses from the questionnaires revealed deficient dental knowledge among the individuals. To improve the understanding about this issue, the information obtained through the questionnaire can be used to develop educational programs that will focus specifically on the major deficiencies found.

Conhecimento de mães sobre promoção de saúde bucal em bebês

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge level on oral health promotion for babies of all mothers (n=60), aged 18-42 years, assisted in the Preventive Dentistry Clinic of the Faculty of Araraquara, at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), during the period 2005-2008. Methods - An interview was performed using a questionnaire with 18 open and five closed questions about knowledge and practices related to caries prevention as well as demographic information. Methods - The majority believed that breast milk does not cause caries (73,3%), that caries is not a transmissible disease (51,6%) and that anatibiotics cause caries (63,3%). Almost all mothers (93,3%) responded that brushing teeth could prevent the disease, action that should be initiated since first tooth erupts (75%). For 73,3% of the respondents, the use of dental floss should be initiated onle after all deciduous teeth erupt. Results - The majority (83,3%) knew what was fluoride, but a third of them (33,3%) did not know the best time to start using it. The dentist counseling related to oral health of babies was considered imoprtant by 96,7% of mothers. Conslusion - The mothers presented good knowledge about baby's oral hygiene, however, they did not know about other important variables for oral health promotin of babies.

Gestão da saúde no trabalho: uma experiência institucional

This article aims to disseminate the results of a university action which occurred through the Extension Course entitled Management and Health at Work, conducted from March to September 2011 and offered by “Coordenadoria de Saúde e Segurança do Trabalhador e Sustentabilidade Ambiental” (a kind of Workers' health and safety and environmental sustainability agency) - an agency managed by “Pró-Reitoria de Administração - PRAd/Unesp”. This action had the audience of the technical and administrative staff of the several Institutes (Units) of UNESP in positions of Leadership and Supervision. The course was proposed to equip managers to deal with issues related to health and safety at work in daily labor. Six hundred managers of all UNESP Institutes participated in the course. The meetings were logistically designed respecting the proximity of the participants’ Institutes. The methodology adopted was based on qualitative techniques such as group discussion, role-plays, analysis of film, reading and discussing texts, together with the preparation of a proposal for health promotion by the participants. As a result it was considered that the course offered a convenient and timely opportunity to reflect on and discuss the theme of health and safety at UNESP, as well as to make leaders and managers effective agents to implement programs of disease prevention and health promotion at work.

Cuidadores informais de idosos em pós-operatório de cirurgia de fêmur proximal: prevenção de novas quedas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desafıos do profıssional de saúde na notifıcação da violência: obrigatoriedade, efetivação e encaminhamento

The notification of the occurrence or suspicion of violence is mandatory for health professionals and is a key tool for epidemiological surveillance and the definition of public policies for prevention and intervention. However, professionals feel unprepared for this assignment, which renders underreporting prevalent. To address this issue, the objective is to identify the means available to the professional to submit notification as well as ensure due process follow-up. For this purpose, research and document analysis was conducted in Brazilian legislation, ordinances, and government programs, codes of ethics and consultation of the literature in databases on the subject over a period of five years to establish a brief comparative analysis with other countries. The conclusion drawn is that while some measures are inapplicable, knowledge about the appropriate process for the notification and routing to specific organs will enable healthcare professionals to make the appropriate decisions for the protection and safety of the victim, besides the measures in order to change this situation of violence in the country.

Avaliação do conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre o programa de cessação do tabagismo

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

Hipertensão e diabetes mellitus: perfil assistencial e de usuários em uma unidade de saúde do interior paulista

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Exercício resistido no tratamento e prevenção de osteopenia de ratos machos jovens

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Erosão dental e suas implicações sobre a saúde bucal

The concepts of buccal health promotion and the increase of life expectancy have contributed for the highest maintenance of dental elements. Thus, with the new alimentary and behavioral habits the irreversible loss of dental hard tissue of non-carious origin has increased substantially, being divided in attrition, erosion and abrasion. The dental erosion is a chronic pathology defined as the superficial loss of dental hard tissue as a result of a chemical process not involving bacteria caused by acid that could be intrinsic, extrinsic or unknown etiology, causing irreversible loss of mineral tissue and dentinal hypersensitivity. The aim of this paper is to present a review of literature on the main factors that can cause the injuries of erosion, including the different aspects related to its etiology, classification, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.