Evaluation of neighborhood impacts caused by companies of the high-tech industrial cluster of São Carlos, SP, Brazil

The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology for evaluating neighborhood impacts using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and to apply the procedures to the companies of the High-Technology Industrial Cluster of São Carlos. To this end, an evaluation was made of the neighborhood impacts on the physical environment, urban components, quality of life, and urban infrastructure using impact matrices, and the impacts were assigned scores according to type, order, magnitude and duration. Fifty one companies were examined based on data provided by the companies themselves and on field surveys. The impacts are represented spatially in proportional symbols maps, based on the spatial distribution of the companies in the urban area of the city of São Carlos and the areas of influence of each company. The application of the proposed methodology served to validate it and indicated that the neighborhood impacts caused by the companies of this study are related to each company's type of activity, its size, and its occupation of the area. © 2008 Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering (JUEE). All rights reserved.

The effects of soil pollution and its relation with morbidity in shoreline areas

Soil and subsoil pollution is not only significant in terms of environmental loss, but also a matter of environmental and public health. Solid, liquid and gaseous residues are the major soil contamination agents. They originate from urban conglomerates and industrial areas in which it is impossible to emphasize the chemical, petrochemical and textile industry; thermoelectric, mining, and ironmaster activities. The contamination process can thus be defined as a compound addition to soil, from what qualitative and or quantitative manners can modify soil's natural characteristics and use, producing baneful and deteriorative effects on human health. Studies have shown that human exposition to high concentration of some heavy metals found on soil can cause serious health problems, such as pulmonary or kidney complications, liver and nervous system harm, allergy, and the chronic exposition that leads to death. The present study searches for the correlation among soil contamination, done through a geochemical baseline survey of an industrial contamination area on the shoreline of Sao Paulo state. The study will be conducted by spatial analysis using Geographical Information Systems for mapping and regression analysis. The used data are 123 soil samples of percentage concentration of heavy metals. They were sampled and spatially distributed by geostatistics methods. To verify if there is a relation between heavy metals soil pollution and morbidity an executed correlation and regression analysis will be done using the pollution registers as the independent variables and morbidity as dependable variables. It is expected, by the end of the study, to identify the areas relation between heavy metals soil pollution and morbidity, moreover to be able to provide assistance in terms of new methodologies that could facilitate soil pollution control programs and public health planning. © 2010 WIT Press.

Molar incisor hypomineralisation: Possible aetiological factors in children from urban and rural areas

Aim: To analyse factors potentially associated with molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) development. METHODS: A population-based study was carried out with 903 children aged from 6-12 years old, born and residing in rural and urban areas of the town of Botelhos, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Their mothers completed a structured medical history questionnaire, from pregnancy to the child's 3rd year of life. Two examiners evaluated children for MIH according to criteria suggested by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. Descriptive analyses of the data and odds ratios (OR) with 95% test-based confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Chisquare test was used to evaluate the differences between groups. RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH in children from rural area (RA) was significantly higher than those from the urban area (UA) (24.9% versus 17.8%, p= 0.01). In urban children, neither significant associations with MIH nor medical problems were found. In rural children, however, MIH was significantly more common among those whose mothers had experienced medical problems during pregnancy (OR=2.11; 1.01-4.37 CI 95%; p=0.04), who had throat infections (OR=2.93; 1.47-5.87 CI 95%; p=0.01), who had high fever (OR=1.91; 1.07-3.39 CI 95%; p=0.02), and who had used amoxicillin associated with other antibiotics (OR=1.92; 1.02-3.62 CI 95%; p=0.04) during the first 3 years of life. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a link between MIH and health problems during pregnancy, as well as environmental factors.

Delineation of specific management areas for coffee cultivation based on the soil-relief relationship and numerical classification

Predicting and mapping productivity areas allows crop producers to improve their planning of agricultural activities. The primary aims of this work were the identification and mapping of specific management areas allowing coffee bean quality to be predicted from soil attributes and their relationships to relief. The study area was located in the Southeast of the Minas Gerais state, Brazil. A grid containing a total of 145 uniformly spaced nodes 50 m apart was established over an area of 31. 7 ha from which samples were collected at depths of 0. 00-0. 20 m in order to determine physical and chemical attributes of the soil. These data were analysed in conjunction with plant attributes including production, proportion of beans retained by different sieves and drink quality. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) in combination with geostatistical data showed the attributes clay content and available iron to be the best choices for identifying four crop production environments. Environment A, which exhibited high clay and available iron contents, and low pH and base saturation, was that providing the highest yield (30. 4l ha-1) and best coffee beverage quality (61 sacks ha-1). Based on the results, we believe that multivariate analysis, geostatistics and the soil-relief relationships contained in the digital elevation model (DEM) can be effectively used in combination for the hybrid mapping of areas of varying suitability for coffee production. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Extração semi-automática de rodovias no espaço-objeto: uso integrado de um estéreo par de imagens aéreas e um MDT

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Predição de sombras de edifícios sobre vias urbanas com base em um modelo digital de elevações e dados de imagens aéreas de alta-resolução

Pós-graduação em Ciências Cartográficas - FCT

Influência da heterogeneidade ambiental na diversidade, uso de hábitat e biocústica de anuros de área aberta no noroeste paulista

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Análise discriminatória de alvos da paisagem urbana em imagens aéreas multiespectrais

Pós-graduação em Ciências Cartográficas - FCT

Perda de solo em área de nascentes caracterizada por análise multivariada e modelos de geoestatística

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Abundância, diversidade e flutuação populacional de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) e aranhas (Arachnida: Araneae) em agroecossistemas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Evolução da regeneração natural de floresta ombrófila densa alto-montana e a produção de água em microbacia experimental, Cunha - SP

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Análise da deposição em aplicações aéreas de defensivos em função de diferentes alturas de vôo e volumes de calda

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo analítico das endoscopias das vias aéreas de equinos PSI durante o período de 1993-2003 e avaliação dos resultados de procedimentos cirúrgicos laringeanos realizados no Jockey Club de São Paulo durante o período de 1998-2003

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Iniciação de tempestades convectivas em um ambiente tropical úmido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Avaliação da aplicabilidade de sistema computacional de visualização de imagens aéreas de alta resolução em tempo real e multitemporal à degradação do rio Corumbataí

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)