204 resultados para doenças do sistema cardiovascular


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The hemodynamic effects of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol or propofol in combination with lidocaine were investigated in 12 dogs. In the P group (n=6), the dogs received a loading dose (LD) of 6mg kg-1 of propofol followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) of 1.25mg kg-1 min-1. In the PL group (n=6), dogs received a LD of 6mg kg-1 of propofol and 1.5mg kg-1 of lidocaine followed by CRIs of 1.0mg kg-1 min-1 and 0.25mg kg-1 min-1 of propofol and lidocaine, respectively. The animals were instrumented for measurement of hemodynamic variables and bispectral index (BIS), recorded at 75, 90, 105 and 120 minutes during anesthesia. Cardiac index, stroke index, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures were lower in the P group compared to the PL group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between groups in heart rate, systemic vascular resistance index and BIS. Plasma concentrations of propofol were lower in group PL than in group P (medians of 5.7 to 6.1mg mL-1 in the P group versus 3.1 to 3.7mg mL-1 in the PL group). Measured lidocaine plasma concentrations (medians of 2.27 to 2.51mg mL-1) were in the range that result in analgesia and were below values that result in toxicity in dogs. The BIS values observed in the two groups of dogs were compatible with deep anesthesia (mean values of 43-46 and 45-49 in groups P and PL, respectively). Maintenance of deep anesthesia with lidocaine-propofol causes less cardiovascular depression than equipotent doses of propofol alone.

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INTRODUCTION: Resistance training (RT) has been widely used for older adults in order to minimize or reverse the deleterious effects of aging in the neuromuscular system. However, the potential benefits of RT on arterial blood pressure and heart rate at rest in older adults remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of eight weeks of RT on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in older women without hypertension. METHODS: Seventeen women (aged 66.0 ± 5.8 years) without previous experience in RT were randomly assigned to either a training (TG, n = 10) or control (CG, n = 7) groups. Hemodynamic parameters at rest were evaluated by auscultatory method (mercury sphygmomanometer) and HR monitor (Polar), before and after eight weeks of experimental period. RESULTS: Reductions attributable to RT were found only to SBP (-13.4 mmHg, p <0.01). Although significant reductions were observed for DBP and MBP, the analysis of covariance showed no interaction Group x Time significant. CONCLUSION: RT proved an effective training to promote adaptations in the cardiovascular system of older women without hypertension. Eight weeks of RT can significantly reduce SBP at rest in older women.

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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OBJECTIVES: The effects of the orthostatic test on the cardiovascular system have been investigated, but there are no data on the behavior of the geometric indices of heart rate variability. We evaluated the effects of the active orthostatic test on the geometric indices of heart rate variability in women. METHOD: The study was performed on 12 healthy women between ages 18 and 30. For the analysis of heart rate variability, heart rate was recorded beat-to-beat. The RR intervals were transformed into geometric figures, and from these we calculated the triangular index, the triangular interpolation of RR intervals, the SD1, SD2 indexes and the SD1/SD2 ratio, which were obtained from the Poincaré plot. Visual analysis of the plot was also performed. For the test, participants quickly stood up from a seated position in 3 seconds or less, and remained standing still for 15 minutes. Heart rate variability samples were collected at four moments: rest, 0-5 minutes, 5-10 minutes and 10-15 minutes at standing position. RESULTS: The triangular index, the triangular interpolation of RR intervals, the SD1 and SD2 indices were reduced (p < 0.05) at 10-15 minutes after the volunteers stood up from seated position. The SD1/SD2 ratio was decreased at 0-15 minutes after the subjects changed from seated to orthostatic position.

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Introduction: Previous studies have shown that relaxation music increases the heart's parasympathetic modulation as well as reducing its sympathetic activity. However, what is lacking in the literature is information on the acute effects of different intensities of music on cardiac autonomic regulation. We aimed to evaluate the acute effects of baroque and heavy-metal music on cardiac autonomic regulation at different intensities. Method The study was performed in 16 healthy men aged between 18 and 25 years. The main outcomes were the geometric indices of heart-rate variability (HRV) [i.e. triangular index (RRtri); triangular interpolation of RR intervals (TINN) and Poincaré plot: SD1, SD2 and SD1/SD2 ratio]. First, HRV was recorded at rest for 10 min. The volunteers were then exposed to baroque or heavy-metal music for 5 min through an earphone; subjects were exposed to each song at three different sound levels (60–70, 70–80 and 80–90 decibels). After the first song, subjects remained at rest for 5 min before being exposed to the next song. The sequence of songs and sound intensity were randomised for each individual. Results Musical auditory stimulation with baroque music did not influence the geometric indices of HRV. The same was observed with heavy-metal musical auditory stimulation at the three sound-level ranges. Conclusion Musical auditory stimulation at different sound intensities did not influence the geometric indices of HRV in men.

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O bulbo rostroventrolateral (RVL) é uma estrutura importante para o controle cardiovascular. Em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR), há evidências de que a transmissão glutamatérgica descendente do RVL aos neurônios pré-ganglionares simpáticos é maior quando comparada com os ratos Wistar Kyoto (WKY). A adrenomedulina (ADM) é um peptídeo de 52 aminoácidos que tem como funções: vasodilatação, broncodilatação e neurotransmissão no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Dados da literatura têm demonstrado que a ADM quando microinjetada no RVL de ratos normotensos anestesiados ou normotensos não anestesiados promove aumento da pressão arterial. Ademais, também já foi demonstrado que a microinjeção bilateral no RVL do antagonista de ADM (adrenomedulina 22-52) em SHR anestesiados foi capaz de reduzir significantemente a pressão arterial, enquanto que não foi observado alterações da pressão arterial em ratos normotensos. Uma vez que foi descrito que em SHR há um maior número de receptores de ADM no RVL quando comparado com ratos normotensos, esses dados obtidos são convergentes com a idéia de que maior número de receptores de ADM no RVL de SHR possam ser um dos fatores responsáveis pela hipertensão nestes animais. Entretanto, até o momento, não sabemos os efeitos da ADM no RVL de SHR não anestesiados, uma vez que a anestesia pode interferir com a resposta cardiovascular. Estudos anteriores demonstraram que o efeito pressor da ADM no RVL são dependentes de receptores glutamatérgicos, sugerindo uma interação entre a ADM e o glutamato (GLU). Assim, seria interessante estudar a interação entre ADM e a neurotransmissão glutamatérgica no RVL. Por isso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo estudar os efeitos da microinjeção de ADM no RVL e seu efeito sobre a resposta pressora do GLU em ratos normotensos e SHR conscientes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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Os flavonoides são compostos naturais presentes em diversos tipos de plantas e vegetais, quimicamente classificados como polifenóis e geralmente encontrados em sua forma livre ou glicosilada. Os compostos eriodictiol e hesperidina são flavonoides derivados de frutas cítricas, sendo o primeiro predominantemente presente no limão e o segundo em laranja. Seus principais efeitos quando consumidos por humanos incluem melhorias do sistema cardiovascular, efeitos anti-inflamatórios, antimicrobianos, anticâncer, antifertilidade, antinociceptivo, antioxidante entre outros. Os mecanismos principais envolvidos correspondem desde interações com enzimas regulatórias, à capacidade quelante de alguns flavonoides em sequestrar radicais livres.O uso de alternativas terapêuticas com o eriodictiol e a hesperidina já vem sido utilizada há anos e os mecanismos propostos para a explicação de seus efeitos elucidados.