114 resultados para cromatografia de íons


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - FEIS

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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

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Cerâmicas nanoestruturadas à base do óxido niobato de estrôncio e potássio com inserção de lons cobre e Processo otimizado de fabricação de cerâmicas nanoestruturadas à base do óxido niobato de estrôncio e potássio com inserção de lons cobre via sinterização aditivada com óxido de cobre", a presente invenção descreve uma classe de materiais compósitos cerâmicos ferroelétricos nanoestruturados à base do óxido niobato de estrôncio e potássio obtidos via sinterização aditivada com óxido de cobre II (CuO). Os materiais compósitos cerâmicos KSN - CuO são sinterizados entre 960 <198>C a 1250 <198>C, a composição do aditivo de sinterização (CuO) está entre 0,5 a 2,0 % (percentagem em massa).

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A invenção descreve uma classe de materiais compósitos cerâmicos ferroelétricos nanoestruturados à base do óxido niobato de estróncio e potássio obtidos via sinterização aditivada com óxidos de cobre (CuO/Cu~ 2~O), preferencialmente o óxido de cobre II, e óxido de boro (B~ 2~O~ 3~). Os materiais compósitos cerâmicos KSN - CuO:B~ 2~O~ 3~ são sinterizados entre 960<198>C a 1250<198>C, diversas razões em massa CuO:B~ 2~O~ 3~ (1:1, 1:2, e 1:4) são utilizadas como aditivos de sinterização.

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Through the polymeric precursor method were synthesized samples Ca0.98Sr0.01X0.01TiO3 (X= Eu3+, Sm3+ and Pr3+), which under different heat treatments were obtained with levels of distinct structural order-disorder. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, confirming the obtaining of ahomogeneous material with perovskite-type orthorhombic structure. This characterization allowed evaluating the average crystallite size of the samples that varies depending on the rare-earth ion. The results of photoluminescence emission confirmed the presence of this optical phenomenon at room temperature and its relationship to the level of order-disorder structural system. The photoluminescence emission is more intense in samples annealed at 500 ° C (independent on the dopant ion), the variation of the dopant influence on the emission intensity due to charge transfer between the host and emitting rare-earth ion, where the doped with Pr3+ ion has charge transfer more efficient and hence more intense emission in the photoluminescence. Another factor that favors the optical property of the samples is the charge compensation, as it contributes to the increase in structural disorder due to formation of Ca2+ vacancies.

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Chemical imprinting technology has been widely used as a valuable tool in selective recognition of a given target analyte (molecule or metal ion), yielding a notable advance in the development of new analytical protocols. Since their discovery, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been extensively studied with excellent reviews published. However, studies involving ion imprinted polymers (IIPs), in which metal ions are recognized in the presence of closely related inorganic ions, remain scarce. Thus, this review involved a survey of different synthetic approaches for preparing ion imprinted adsorbents and their application for the development of solid phase extraction methods, metal ion sensors (electrodes and optodes) and selective membranes.

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Snakes from Bothrops genus are responsible for more than 90% of the ophidian accidents in Brazil. One of the main complications from this kind of accident is muscular necrosis, which is related to the action of phospholipases A2 and metalloproteases, two groups of enzymes found in the venom of these animals. Although this complication cannot be solved by serum therapy administration, a great number of studies have been performed with the attempt to know the pharmacological sites of these toxins aiming, in the future, the development of complementary treatments to serum therapy. This work proposes structural studies of bothropic phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) in the presence of ions relevant to their activity, using the X-ray crystallography technique. Recently, it was demonstrated ions, as manganese, calcium and others, interfere in the biological activity of the PLA2s. Particularly, Lys49-PLA2s in the presence of manganese ions have miotoxicity reduced. Asp49-PLA2s show catalytic activity dependent of calcium, although structural studies with a miotoxic Asp49-PLA2, BthTX-II, suggest a possible catalytic mechanism independent of calcium. Therefore, co-crystallization of BthTX-II in the presence of calcium ions and of PrTX-I in the presence of manganese ions were performed. Comparative structural studies among obtained results and others already published in the literature were performed aiming a better understanding of the structure-function relationship of these toxins. The BthTX-II with the presence of calcium do not show this ion in the loop of coordination of calcium, presence necessary to develop the catalyses. After comparison of this model with the native one, only one distortion was found, but no apparent relationship with the residues responsible for its activity. In the PrTX-I structure, regions candidates of manganese ions were also found... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo de isolamento e a identificação dos principais metabólitos especiais presentes nas raízes de Maytenus ilicifolia (Celastraceae). O estudo fitoquímico das cascas das raízes da planta adulta e das raízes da planta jovem resultou no isolamento de quatro substâncias pertencentes a duas diferentes classes de metabólitos especiais, incluindo os alcalóides piridínicos sesquiterpênicos, aquifoliunina E-I e a maiteina e os triterpenos quinonametídeos, pristimerina e maitenina. Este estudo mostrou que o acúmulo desses metabólitos são dependentes do ciclo de desenvolvimento da planta. A análise desses metabólitos por espectrometria de massas permitiu identificar íons de fragmentação característicos dos alcalóides piridínicos sesquiterpênicos e dos triterpenos quinonametídeos. A otimização cromatográfica e análise qualitativa por CLAE-DAD permitiu identificar os alcalóides piridínicos sesquiterpênicos, aquifoliunina E-I, maiteina; e os triterpenos quinonametídeos, pristimerina e maitenina, presentes no extrato de raízes da planta jovem como principais metabólitos constitutivos