Constituintes químicos isolados dos caules de Michelia champaca L. (Magnoliaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antimicrobial activity of Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, against opportunistic fungi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Terpenos com atividade inseticida: uma alternativa para o controle químico de insetos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise histoquímica foliar do amendoim: genótipos 'Tatu' e SO-909

Este trabalho teve por finalidade a análise histoquímica foliar de dois genótipos de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.), do tipo botânico Valência: SO-53 ('Tatu') e SO-909 (PI-259747), cuja literatura demonstra apresentarem respostas diferentes de resistência às principais moléstias fúngicas foliares do Brasil. Seções transversais das seguintes estruturas - pulvino, haste peciolar, raque, pulvínulo e folíolo - e seções paradérmicas de folíolos coletados em dois anos agrícolas consecutivos, foram analisadas quanto à presença de alcalóides, amido, calose, celulose pura, celulose com pectina, cera, cristais, cutina, lignina, mucilagem, óleo, resina, tanino e ureídeos (micrograma) por folíolo (grama). As diferenças qualitativas histoquímicas observadas nos diversos tecidos, como a freqüência de tanino, alcalóide, pectina e óleo, supostamente, podem ser responsáveis pela resistência ou suscetibilidade dos genótipos às moléstias fúngicas foliares. Para fins de caracterização, mostrou-se eficiente a avaliação de pureza de celulose.

Strychnos L. da América do Sul e Central

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Controle da qualidade do fruto de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Alkamides and phenethyl derivatives from Aristolochia gehrtii

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparative vibrational spectra of pilosine and epiisopilosine crystals

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ganho de peso e alterações anatomopatológicas de tilápia-do-nilo arraçoadas com farelo de cacau

The experiment was carried out on the Laboratory of Fish Nutrition - F.M.V.Z., Campus Botucatu - integrated to the UNESP Aquaculture Center, with the main purpose of evaluating the effects of the use of cocoa meal (Theobroma cacao) on diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Six diets with increasing levels of cocoa meal (CM): 0% CM; 4% CM; 8% CM; 12% CM; 16% CM and 20% CM were fed for 120 days to the fingerlings, in a completely randomized design. Results showed no significant adverse effect of cocoa meal on weight gain (p>0.05), but there were restrictions to its use on diet, as it was found pathological effects on liver and also behavior disturbs caused by alkaloids present on the product.

POPULATIONAL STUDY OF CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHISM IN ZONOTRICHIA-CAPENSIS (EMBERIZIDAE, PASSERIFORMES, AVES)

The karyotypes of 328 specimens of Zonotrichia capensis from four regions, three in the state of Parana and one in the state of São Paulo (Brazil), were studied. This species presents a chromosomal polymorphism due to pericentric inversion, involving the 3rd and 5th chromosome pairs. Chromosome 3 exists in the 3st and 3sm conditions and chromosome 5, in 5st and 5m conditions. Mitotic metaphase spreads were obtained from bone-marrow material of colchicine-treated animals.At all collection sites the frequency of chromosome 5m was considerably lower than that of the inverted chromosome 3sm.The present work tried to establish a correlation between the frequencies of the 3rd and 5th chromosome pairs with the climatical and geographical parameters at the collecting regions.Data show that the frequency of chromosome 5m is higher in regions with low temperature and high altitude.

Indole glucoalkaloids from Chimarrhis turbinata and their evaluation as antioxidant agents and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

As part of our study on bioactive agents from Brazilian rainforest plants, two new glucoalkaloids, 3,4-dehydro-strictosidine (1) and 3,4-dehydro-strictosidinic acid (2), were isolated from Chimarrhis turbinata, along with seven known glucoalkaloids, cordifoline (3), strictosidinic acid (4), strictosidine (5), 5alpha-carboxystrictosidine (6), turbinatine (7), desoxycordifoline (8), and harman-3-carboxylic acid (9). The structures of the new alkaloids were established on the basis of comprehensive spectral analysis, mainly 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as high-resolution HRESIMS. Alkaloid 3 showed strong free-radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as well as pronounced antioxidant activity evidenced by redox properties measured by ElCD-HPLC. Additionally, alkaloids 1-9 were submitted to TLC screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Both 7 and 8 were shown to be moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors at a concentration of 0.1 and 1.0 muM, respectively. In an in vitro rat brain assay, 7 showed moderate activity (IC50 1.86 muM), compared to the standard compound, galanthamine (IC50 0.92 muM).

Chemistry and evolution of the Piperaceae

The chemistry of members of the family Piperaceae is of great interest owing to the variety of biological properties displayed. A survey of structural diversity and bioactivity reveals that groups of species specialize in the production of amides, phenylpropanoids, lignans and neolignans, benzoic acids and chromenes, alkaloids, polyketides, and a plethora of compounds of mixed biosynthetic origin. Bioassays against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermun have resulted in the characterization of various amides, prenylated phenolic compounds, and polyketides as potential classes of antifungal agents. Studies on the developmental process in seedlings of Piper solmsianum have shown that phenylpropanoid are produced instead of the tetrahydrofuran lignans found in adult plants. In suspension cultures of P. cernuum and P crassinervium, phenylethylamines and alkamides predominate, whereas in the adult plants prenylpropanoids and prenylated benzoic acids are the respective major compound classes. Knowledge of the chemistry, bioactivity, and ecology of Piperaceae species provides preliminary clues for an overall interpretation of the possible role and occurrence of major classes of compounds.

Mechanism for the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by juliprosopine on rat brain mitochondria

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cytogenetical characterization of six orb-weaver species and review of cytogenetical data for Araneidae

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Isolamento e avaliação da atividade biológica dos alcalóides majoritários de Tabernaemontana angulata Mart. ex Müll. Arg., Apocynaceae

"Isolation and evaluation of the biological activity related to the major alkaloids in Tabernaemontana angulata Mart. ex Mull Arg., Apocynaceae." Introducing-new chemotherapeutic agents is a, great demand. in the control of infections diseases.' Brazil is one of the richest countries in biodiversity and the Laboratorio de Extracao at UNIP has been collecting plants from. the Amazon and Atlantic Rain Forests with the aim of screening for new antibacterial and antitumor plant extracts. Previous studies demonstrated that the ethanol fraction obtained from the crude extract of Tabernaemontana angulata stems showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538 in the microdilution broth assay. Two alkaloids were the major compounds in the active fraction, verified by thin layer chromatography analysis. In the present study, the total alkaloids were obtained from the crude extract and were fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography for the isolation of the main components. The isolated. compounds were identified by GC/MS and (1)H-NMR as coronaridine,e and voacangine. The alkaloid fractions obtained from the isolation procedure were tested for antibacterial activity, but no activity was detected.